Callus: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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People with [[diabetes]] face special skin challenges. Because diabetes affects the [[capillaries]], the small blood vessels which feed the skin, thickening of the skin with callus increases the difficulty of supplying nutrients to the skin.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Boulton |first1=Andrew J. |last2=Meneses |first2=Patricio |last3=Ennis |first3=William J. |date=January–February 1999 |title=Diabetic foot ulcers: A framework for prevention and care |url=https://institutobeatrizyamada.com.br/wp/wp-content/uploads/artigos-iby/Diabetic-foot-ulcers-A-framework-for-prevention-and-care.pdf |journal=Wound Repair and Regeneration |volume=7 |issue=1 |pages=9–10|doi=10.1046/j.1524-475x.1999.00007.x |pmid=10231501 |s2cid=37720400 }}</ref> Callus formation is seen in high numbers of patients with diabetes, and together with absent foot pulses and formation of [[hammer toe]],<ref name="pmid19432661">{{cite journal |vauthors=Alavi A, Sanjari M, Haghdoost A, Sibbald RG |title=Common foot examination features of 247 Iranian patients with diabetes |journal=International Wound Journal |volume=6 |issue=2 |pages=117–22 |date=April 2009 |pmid=19432661 |doi=10.1111/j.1742-481X.2009.00583.x |pmc=7951794 }} -12% having callus formation</ref><ref name="pmid18839852">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tantisiriwat N, Janchai S |title=Common foot problems in diabetic foot clinic |journal=J Med Assoc Thai |volume=91 |issue=7 |pages=1097–101 |date=July 2008 |pmid=18839852 }} -56% having callus present</ref> this may be an early sign of individuals at an increased risk for foot ulcers.<ref name="pmid19432661"/>

The stiffness of a callus or corn, coupled with the shear and pressure that caused it, may tear the capillaries or adjoining tissue, causing bleeding within the callus or corn. This Often,can bleedingoften withinbe aresult callusof istrying anto earlypick, signcut, ofor diabetes,shave evenoff beforethe elevatedcallus bloodby sugarsyourself may beat noticedhome. Although the bleeding can be small, sometimes small pools of blood or [[hematoma]] are formed. The blood itself is an irritant, a foreign body within the callus that makes the area burn or itch. If the pool of blood is exposed to the outside, infection may follow. Infection may also lead to [[Ulcer (dermatology)|ulceration]]. This process can be prevented at several places. Diabetic foot infections are the leading cause of diabetic limb [[amputation]].

== Society and culture ==