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'''Kuva-yi Milliye''' ([[Ottoman Turkish language{{lang-ota|Ottoman Turkish]]: ''قواي ملّيه'',}} ''Kuvâ-yi{{lit}} Milliye'' meaning either ''National Forces''<ref>{{Citation | first = Sina | last = Akşin | title = Turkey: From Empire to Revolutionary Republic: The Emergence of the Turkish Nation from 1789 to the Present | publisher = New York University Press | year = 2007 | isbn = 978-0-8147-0722-7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VlJpAAAAMAAJ&q=%22defence+units+called+National+Forces%22 | page = 126}}</ref><ref>{{Citation | first1 = Stanford J | last1 = Shaw | first2 = Ezel Kural | last2 = Shaw | title = History of the Ottoman Empire and Modern Turkey | volume = 2 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | year = 1977 | isbn = 978-0-521-29166-8 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=AIET_7ji7YAC&q=%22known+in+Turkish+history+as+the+National+Forces%22&pg=PA341 | page = 341}}</ref> or ''Nationalist Forces''<ref name=Smith68>{{Citation | first = Elaine Diana | last = Smith | title = Turkey: Origins of the Kemalist Movement and The Government of the Grand National Assembly, 1919–1923 | publisher = The American university | year = 1959 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JCUdAAAAMAAJ&q=%22period+of+Kuvayi+Milliye+(Nationalist+Forces+of+Irregular+Resistance)%22 | page = 68}}</ref> in [[Ottoman Turkish language|Ottoman Turkish]]) refers to the irregular Turkish [[militia]] forces<ref name="Smith68" /> in the early period of the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. These irregular forces emerged after the occupation of the parts of [[Turkey]] by the [[Allies of World War I|Allied]] forces in accordance with the [[Armistice of Mudros]]. Later, ''Kuva-yi Milliye'' was integrated to the [[regular army]] (''Kuva-yi Nizamiye'')<ref name=Smith68/> of the [[Government of the Grand National Assembly|Grand National Assembly]]. Some historians call this period (1918–20) of the [[Turkish War of Independence]] the "Kuva-yi Milliye phase".<ref name="kadir">{{Citation | first = Kadir | last = Kasalak | url = http://www.atam.gov.tr/index.php?Page=DergiIcerik&IcerikNo=386 | title = Kuva-yı Milliye'nin Askeri Açıdan Etüdü | journal = Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi | issue = 42 | volume = XIV |date=November 1998 | publisher = Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin | page = 75 | language = tr}}. Yılı Özel Sayısı.</ref>
== History ==
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