Our Homeland Movement: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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|[[Hungarian nationalism]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cseresnyés |first1=Péter |title=Horthy Commemoration Revives Political Debate over His Regentship |url=https://hungarytoday.hu/horthy-commemoration-revives-political-debate-over-his-regentship/ |website=Hungary Today |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=18 November 2018}}</ref>

|[[Hungarian irredentism]]<ref name="irredentism">{{cite web |title=Toroczkai: Történelmet csinálunk |url=https://magyarnemzet.hu/belfold/toroczkaitortenelmet-csinalunk-7710470/ |website=Magyar Nemzet |date=January 25, 2020 |access-date=26 January 2020|language=hu}}</ref>

|[[National conservatism]]<ref name="Mandiner">{{cite web |last1=Pálfy |first1=Dániel Ábel |title=Bármikor vállalom az átvilágítást! – Toroczkai László a Mandinernek |url=https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20190902_toroczaki_laszlo_interju |website=Mandiner |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=2 September 2019}}</ref>

|[[Neo-fascism]]{{refn|<ref name="errc.org"/><ref name="europarl"/><ref name="State of Hate"/><ref name=":1"/><ref name="Crikey"/>}}

|[[Traditionalist conservatism]]<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/mi-hazank-party-aims-to-protect-northern-civilisation/|title=Mi Hazánk Party Aims to Protect "Northern Civilisation"|work=Hungary Today|date=January 28, 2019|access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref>

|[[Hard Euroscepticism]]<ref name="EP">{{cite web |last1=Vass |first1=Ábrahám |title=Mi Hazánk's EP Program: 'Roma Problem', Opposing Migration, Russia-Friendly Politicsp |url=https://hungarytoday.hu/mi-hazanks-ep-program-roma-problem-opposing-migration-russia-friendly-politics/ |website=Hungary Today |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=21 May 2019}}</ref>

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}}|[[Hungarian nationalism]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Cseresnyés |first1=Péter |title=Horthy Commemoration Revives Political Debate over His Regentship |url=https://hungarytoday.hu/horthy-commemoration-revives-political-debate-over-his-regentship/ |website=Hungary Today |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=18 November 2018}}</ref>|[[Hungarian irredentism]]<ref name="irredentism">{{cite web |title=Toroczkai: Történelmet csinálunk |url=https://magyarnemzet.hu/belfold/toroczkaitortenelmet-csinalunk-7710470/ |website=Magyar Nemzet |date=January 25, 2020 |access-date=26 January 2020|language=hu}}</ref>|[[National conservatism]]<ref name="Mandiner">{{cite web |last1=Pálfy |first1=Dániel Ábel |title=Bármikor vállalom az átvilágítást! – Toroczkai László a Mandinernek |url=https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20190902_toroczaki_laszlo_interju |website=Mandiner |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=2 September 2019}}</ref>|[[Traditionalist conservatism]]<ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://hungarytoday.hu/mi-hazank-party-aims-to-protect-northern-civilisation/|title=Mi Hazánk Party Aims to Protect "Northern Civilisation"|work=Hungary Today|date=January 28, 2019|access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref>|[[Hard Euroscepticism]]<ref name="EP">{{cite web |last1=Vass |first1=Ábrahám |title=Mi Hazánk's EP Program: 'Roma Problem', Opposing Migration, Russia-Friendly Politicsp |url=https://hungarytoday.hu/mi-hazanks-ep-program-roma-problem-opposing-migration-russia-friendly-politics/ |website=Hungary Today |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=21 May 2019}}</ref>

| position = [[Far-right politics|Far-right]]{{refn|<ref name="jacobinmag.com">{{cite web |last1=Szijarto |first1=Imre |title=The Decline of Democracy in Hungary Is a Troubling Vision of the Future |url=https://jacobinmag.com/6/2020/viktor-orban-hungary-democracy-covid-19 |website=Jacobin (magazine) |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=14 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="hungarytoday.hu">{{cite web |last1=Cseresnyés |first1=Péter |title=Mi Hazánk Leader Sues Facebook for Damage to Reputation |url=https://hungarytoday.hu/mi-hazank-leader-sues-facebook-for-damage-to-reputation/ |website=Hungary Today |access-date=15 June 2020 |date=29 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date= 16 January 2022 |title= Anti-vaccine far-right rally attracts hundreds in Hungary |url= https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/anti-vaccine-far-right-rally-attracts-hundreds-hungary-2022-01-16/ |work= Reuters |access-date= 23 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Ivaldi |first= Gilles |date= 10 June 2024 |title= EU elections: far-right parties surge, but less than had been expected |url= https://theconversation.com/eu-elections-far-right-parties-surge-but-less-than-had-been-expected-232018 |work= The Conversation |access-date= 23 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Brennan |first= David |date= 29 January 2024 |title= NATO Far Right's Plot for Ukraine Land 'Exactly What Putin Wants' |url= https://www.newsweek.com/nato-far-right-plot-ukraine-land-putin-russia-romania-hungary-1864729 |work= Newsweek |access-date= 23 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last= Makszimov |first= Vlad |date= 16 March 2021 |title= Hungarian far-right party organises COVID-19 protest on national day |url= https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/hungarian-far-right-party-organises-covid-19-protest-on-national-day/ |work= Euractiv |access-date= 23 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date= 26 February 2024 |title= Hungary ratifies Swedish NATO bid, clearing final obstacle to membership |url= https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2024/02/26/hungary-ratifies-swedish-nato-bid-clearing-final-obstacle-to-membership_6561202_4.html |work= Le Monde |access-date= 23 August 2024}}</ref>}}

| europarl = [[Europe of Sovereign Nations Group|Europe of Sovereign Nations]]

| european = [[Europe of Sovereign Nations Party]]

| seats1_title = [[National Assembly (Hungary)|National Assembly]]

| seats1 = {{Composition bar|6|199|hex={{party color|Our Homeland Movement}}}}

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| newspaper = ''[[Magyar Jelen]]''

}}

'''Our Homeland Movement''' ([[Hungarian language|Hungarian:]] ''Mi Hazánk Mozgalom,'' '''MHM''') is a Hungarian [[Far-right politics|far-right]] [[Hungarian nationalism|Hungarian ultranationalist]], [[Hungarian irredentism|irredentist]] and [[Neo-fascism|neo-fascist]] political party. It was founded by [[Ásotthalom]] mayor and former [[Jobbik]] Vice-President, [[László Toroczkai]], along with other Jobbik dissidents who left the organization after the party's leadership moved away from its radical beginnings. The party ran in the 2019 European Parliament elections for the first time, but it did not win a seat. However, in the [[2022 Hungarian parliamentary election|2022 parliamentary election]], it became the third largest [[List of political parties in Hungary|party in the country]] with a result of nearly 6%, far surpassing public opinion research.

==History==

On April 8, 2018, after the lost elections, the president of Jobbik, Gábor Vona, resigned, true to his promise, and therefore a reform congress was announced in the party. László Toroczkai was the first to indicate his intention to run for the position of president, which was followed by the presidential application of Tamás Sneider, nominated by the acting presidency. Almost half of the congress delegates (46%) voted for the pair of László Toroczkai (president) and Dóra DóraDúra (deputy president). László Toroczkai announced that he is forming a platform within the party called Mi Magunk.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hirado.hu/belfold/belpolitika/cikk/2018/05/22/partszakadashoz-vezethet-az-ellentet-a-jobbikban |title=Pártszakadáshoz vezethet az ellentét a Jobbikban |elérés=2018-07-04 |date=2018-05-22 |kiadó=Híradó.hu}}</ref> The presidency announced that it will not accept Toroczkai's platform because it considers it against the constitution, although there is no such decision in the constitution. Proceedings were initiated against Toroczkai and Dóra Dúró, Dóra Dúró was expelled from the faction, and Toroczkai from the party. After that, [[Dóra Dúró]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hirado.hu/belfold/belpolitika/cikk/2018/06/08/duro-doraval-egyutt-tobbek-kilepnek-a-jobbikbol |title=Dúró Dórával együtt többek kilépnek a Jobbikból |elérés=2018-07-04 |date=2018-06-08 |kiadó=Híradó.hu}}</ref> and her husband [[Előd Novák]] left the party, so the Mi Magunk platform became an independent movement. Due to the failure of the platform creation, the new movement under the name Mi Hazánk Mozgalom will raise its flag on June 23, 2018 in Ásottthalom. As a result of Toroczkai's expulsion and the proceedings against Dóra DóraDúró, many Jobbik members and grassroots organizations indicated their withdrawal from the party or their dissolution. Some of them joined the new movement.<ref name="hiradohu1">{{cite web|url=https://www.hirado.hu/belfold/belpolitika/cikk/2018/06/18/folytatodik-a-kilepesi-hullam-a-jobbikban |title=Folytatódik a kilépési hullám a Jobbikban |elérés=2018-07-04 |date=2018-06-18 |kiadó=Híradó.hu}}</ref> On August 20, 2018, they announced their Founding Declaration at their celebratory event in Budapest's Városliget, and the next day, on August 21, 2018, Deputy President Dóra DóraDúró announced that the court registration of Mi Hazánk Mozgalom as a political party was legally binding.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atv.hu/videok/video-20180821-egyenes-beszed-kontra-duro-dora-mi-hazank-mozgalom |title=Egyenes Beszéd Kontra - Dúró Dóra (Mi Hazánk Mozgalom) |elérés=2018-08-21 |date=2018-08-21 |kiadó=atv.hu |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180823041903/http://www.atv.hu/videok/video-20180821-egyenes-beszed-kontra-duro-dora-mi-hazank-mozgalom |archive-date=August 23, 2018 |archívdátum=2018-08-23 }}</ref>

In early 2019, the party made an alliance with the right-wing [[Hungarian Justice and Life Party]] and the agrarian [[Independent Smallholders, Agrarian Workers and Civic Party]].<ref name="MIÉP FKgP">{{cite web|title=A Független Kisgazdapárt is csatlakozna a MIÉP és a Mi Hazánk Mozgalom együttműködéséhez |url=https://magyarnarancs.hu/belpol/a-fuggetlen-kisgazdapart-is-csatlakozna-a-miep-es-a-mi-hazank-mozgalom-egyuttmukodesehez-117506 |website=Magyar Narancs |date=February 20, 2019 |access-date=20 February 2019|language=hu}}</ref>

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== Ideology ==

Although the party identifies itself as "[[Third Position|third way]]", opposing the policies of both the left-wing opposition and the governing right-wing party [[Fidesz]], the mass-media has variously described Our Homeland Movement and its ideology as [[nationalist]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Caspar |first=Yann |date=25 January 2022 |title=Wird Mi Hazánk bei den Wahlen am 3. April für eine Überraschung sorgen? |url=https://visegradpost.com/de/2022/01/25/wird-mi-hazank-bei-den-wahlen-am-3-april-fuer-eine-ueberraschung-sorgen/ |access-date=3 March 2023 |publisher=Visegrád Post}}</ref> [[Right-wing populism|right-wing populist]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=György |first1=Károly |year=2020 |title=Hungarian right-wing populism: Nothing is what it seems |url=https://muse.jhu.edu/article/838194 |journal=International Union Rights |volume=27 |issue=1 |pages=12–13 |doi=10.14213/inteuniorigh.27.1-2.0012 |s2cid=226463204}}</ref> [[Far-right politics|far-right]],<ref name="jacobinmag.com" /><ref name="hungarytoday.hu" /> [[Radical right (Europe)|radical right]],<ref>{{cite news |date=11 August 2022 |title=Rechts vor links |newspaper=[[Budapester Zeitung]] |url=https://www.budapester.hu/inland/rechts-vor-links/ |access-date=3 March 2023}}</ref> extremist,.<ref>{{cite web|date=2019-05-22|title=Tension flares between Roma and nationalist extremists in Hungary|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2019/05/22/world/social-issues-world/tension-flares-roma-nationalist-extremists-hungary/|access-date=2021-10-23|website=The Japan Times}}</ref> and even [[Neo-fascism|neo-fascist]].{{refn|<ref name="errc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.errc.org/news/budapest-municipality-votes-to-evict-far-right-mi-hazank-from-their-office-after-anti-roma-racist-poster-scandal|title = Budapest: Municipality votes to evict far-right Mi Hazánk from their office after anti-Roma racist poster scandal|website=errc.org|publisher=European Roma Rights Centre|first=Bernard|last=Rorke|date=7 October 2021|access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref><ref name="europarl">{{Cite web |title=Right-wing extremism in the EU {{!}} Think Tank|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/IPOL_STU(2021)700953 |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=European Parliament}}</ref><ref name="State of Hate">{{Cite web |date=2021-02-16 |title=State of Hate: Far Right Extremism in Europe 2021 |url=https://www.amadeu-antonio-stiftung.de/en/publications/state-of-hate-far-right-extremism-in-europe-2021/ |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=Amadeu Antonio Stiftung}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Green |first=Jacob |date=2021 |title=Resurgent Antisemitism: The Threat of Viktor Orban and His Political Arsenal |url=https://honors.libraries.psu.edu/catalog/7134jfg5342 |access-date=2024-06-14 |website=[[The Pennsylvania State University]] |type=Thesis |publication-place=}}</ref><ref name="Crikey">{{cite news |last= Warren |first= Christopher |date= 5 September 2022 |title= Biden’s dropped the f-bomb. Now, what do we do with it? |url= https://www.crikey.com.au/2022/09/05/joe-biden-fascism-now-what/ |work= Crikey |access-date= 23 August 2024}}</ref>}} The party has [[anti-immigration]],<ref name="EP"/> [[Anti-Masonry|anti-Masonic]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-12-17 |title=Novák Előd: Szabadkőműves páholyokat támogat a Fidesz-kormány |url=https://24.hu/belfold/2023/12/17/novak-elod-szabadkomuves-paholy-fidesz-orban-viktor-mi-hazank/ |access-date=2023-12-17 |website=24.hu |language=hu}}</ref> and [[pro-Russian]] views,<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://www.brookings.edu/research/anti-muslim-populism-in-hungary-from-the-margins-to-the-mainstream/|title=Anti-Muslim populism in Hungary: From the margins to the mainstream|website=brookings.edu|first1=Péter|last1=Krekó|first2=Bulcsú|last2=Hunyadi|first3=Patrik|last3=Szicherle|date=July 24, 2019|access-date=December 23, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://m.hvg.hu/itthon/20190801_muszlimellenes_populizmus_political_capital|title = Magyarországra köszöntött a muszlimellenes populizmus kora|work=HVG|first=Richárd|last=Tóth|date=August 1, 2019|access-date=December 23, 2022|language=hu}}</ref> and it was also accused of having [[Islamophobia|anti-Islamic]],<ref name=":0" /> [[antiziganism|antiziganist]],<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/hungarys-most-radical-nationalist-party-since-wwii-just-won-7-seats-in-parliament/|title = Hungary's most radical nationalist party since WWII just won 7 seats in parliament|newspaper= [[The Times of Israel]]|first=Yaakov|last=Schwartz|date=April 6, 2022|access-date=December 22, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.france24.com/en/20190521-hungary-far-right-protest-stokes-fears-anti-roma-violence|title = Hungary far-right protest stokes fears of anti-Roma violence|work=France 24|date = May 21, 2019|access-date=December 22, 2022}}</ref> [[antisemitism|antisemitic]]<ref name="fpri.org">{{cite web|url=https://www.fpri.org/article/2018/07/a-new-political-movement-emerges-on-hungarys-far-right/|title = A New Political Movement Emerges on Hungary's Far Right|publisher=Foreign Policy Research Institute|website=fpri.org|first=John R.|last=Haines|date=10 July 2018|access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://cz.boell.org/en/2021/01/15/observations-current-state-hungarian-far-right|title=Observations on the current state of Hungarian far-right |website=Heinrich Böll Stiftung}}</ref> and [[neo-fascism|neo-fascist]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/russia-s-war-made-loving-putin-problematic-gop-enter-viktor-n1294170|title =The GOP has found a Putin-lite to fawn over. That's bad news for democracy. |publisher=[[MSNBC]]|first= Ruth|last=Ben-Ghiat|date=11 April 2022|access-date=3 March 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://euobserver.com/opinion/148532|title=Anti-Roma hatred on streets of Budapest|date=3 June 2020|access-date=3 March 2023|author1=Jacqueline Bhabha|author2= Margareta Matache }}</ref>{{refn|<ref name="errc.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.errc.org/news/budapest-municipality-votes-to-evict-far-right-mi-hazank-from-their-office-after-anti-roma-racist-poster-scandal|title = Budapest: Municipality votes to evict far-right Mi Hazánk from their office after anti-Roma racist poster scandal|website=errc.org|publisher=European Roma Rights Centre|first=Bernard|last=Rorke|date=7 October 2021|access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref><ref name="europarl">{{Cite web |title=Right-wing extremism in the EU {{!}} Think Tank|url=https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/IPOL_STU(2021)700953 |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=European Parliament}}</ref><ref name="State of Hate">{{Cite web |date=2021-02-16 |title=State of Hate: Far Right Extremism in Europe 2021 |url=https://www.amadeu-antonio-stiftung.de/en/publications/state-of-hate-far-right-extremism-in-europe-2021/ |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=Amadeu Antonio Stiftung}}</ref><ref name="Crikey">{{cite news |last= Warren |first= Christopher |date= 5 September 2022 |title= Biden’s dropped the f-bomb. Now, what do we do with it? |url= https://www.crikey.com.au/2022/09/05/joe-biden-fascism-now-what/ |work= Crikey |access-date= 23 August 2024}}</ref>}} views. The party holds [[National conservatism|national conservative]],<ref name="Mandiner"/> [[Traditionalist conservatism|traditionalist]]<ref name="auto"/> and [[Social conservatism|social conservative]] positions.<ref name="Social conservatism">{{cite web |title=A Mi Hazánk szerint 50 százalékos béremelés volna igazságos a postásoknak |url=https://mihazank.hu/a-mi-hazank-szerint-50-szazalekos-beremeles-volna-igazsagos-a-postasoknak/ |website=mihazánk.hu |date=July 23, 2020 |access-date=23 July 2020|language=hu}}</ref>

The party also positioned itself as [[Agrarianism|agrarianist]].<ref name="Agrarianism">{{cite web |title=Demográfiai földprogramot szorgalmaz a Mi Hazánk |url=https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20200805_demografiai_foldprogramot_szorgalmaz_a_mi_hazank |website=Mandiner|date=5 August 2020 |access-date=5 August 2020|language=hu}}</ref> According to the movement, Hungary should become economically independent, and to this end, the party would create hundreds of small and large [[Food processing|food processing plants]] in the country and announce a new [[Land reform|land distribution]] program.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-12 |title=Új földosztás kell, hogy minél több földet műveljenek meg a magyarok |url=https://index.hu/belfold/2022/05/12/mi-hazank-mozgalom-toroczkai-laszlo-kozvelemeny-kutatas/ |website=index.hu}}</ref> With the distribution of land, they would like to favor young Hungarians in particular.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-09-16 |title=Földet oszt a Mi Hazánk |url=https://mandiner.hu/belfold/2020/09/foldet-oszt-a-mi-hazank |website=mandiner.hu}}</ref> They would re-establish the Hangya Szövetkezet (''Ant Cooperative'')<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |title=Virradat Program |url=https://mihazank.hu/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Virradat_Program.pdf |website=mihazank.hu}}</ref> that existed in Hungary in the first half of the 20th century, whose task was to ensure that farmers achieved a good position in the market, allowing their interests to prevail.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hangyaszövetkezet |url=https://www.hangyaszov.hu/hangya |website=www.hangyaszov.hu}}</ref>

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===European Parliament===

{| class=wikitable style="text-align:center;"

|-

! Election year

! List leader

! # of overall votes

! Votes

! % of overall vote

! %

! # of overall seats won

! +/-Seats

! +/−

! EP Group

|-

! [[2019 European Parliament election in Hungary|2019]]

| rowspan=2 | [[László Toroczkai]]

| 114,156

| 3.29% (6th#6)

| {{Composition bar|0|21|hex={{party color|Our Homeland Movement}}}}

| New

| –

|-

! [[2024 European Parliament election in Hungary|2024]]

| 306,404

| 6.71% (4th#4)

| {{Composition bar|1|21|hex={{party color|Our Homeland Movement}}}}

| {{increase}} 1

| [[Europe of Sovereign Nations Group|ESN]]

|}

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[[Category:Hungarian nationalism]]

[[Category:National conservative parties]]

[[Category:Neo-fascistOrganizations partiesthat oppose LGBTQ rights in Hungary]]

[[Category:Organizations that oppose LGBT rights in Hungary]]

[[Category:Russophilic parties]]

[[Category:2018 establishments in Hungary]]

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[[Category:Social conservative parties]]

[[Category:Opposition to Viktor Orbán]]

[[Category:Opposition to Ferenc Gyurcsány]]

[[Category:Jobbik breakaway groups]]