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=== Polynesian settlement ===
The earliest known settlers of the Pitcairn Islands were [[Polynesia]]ns who appear to have occupied Pitcairn and Henderson for several centuries. Research has focussedfocused on whether the occupation was permanent of temporary, and if the occupants used the natural resources sustainably. Although archaeologists believe that Polynesians were living on Pitcairn as late as the 15th century, the islands were uninhabited when they were discovered by Europeans.<ref>{{cite book |last=Diamond |first=Jared M |url=https://archive.org/details/collapse00jare |title=Collapse: how societies choose to fail or succeed |date=2005 |publisher=[[Penguin Group|Penguin]] |isbn=9780143036555 |location=New York |page=[https://archive.org/details/collapse00jare/page/132 132] |oclc=62868295 |quote=But by A.D. 1606 . . . Henderson's population had ceased to exist. Pitcairn's own population had disappeared at least by 1790 ... and probably disappeared much earlier. |author-link=Jared Diamond |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name = Molle-Aymericic>{{cite book |author1=Guillaume Molle |author2=Hermann Aymeric |title="Pitcairn before the mutineers" in "The Bounty from the beach: Cross-cultural and cross-disciplinary essays" |date=2018 |publisher=AMU Press |pages=67-94 |url=https://library.oapen.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.12657/27524/bountyfrom.pdf?sequence=1#page=77}}</ref>
=== European arrival===
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