Soledar: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia
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'''Soledar''' ({{lang-uk|Соледар}}, {{IPA-|uk|soɫeˈdɑr|IPA}}; {{lang-ru|Соледар}}, {{IPA-|ru|səlʲɪˈdar|IPA}}; {{lit|lk=no|gift of salt}}) is a destroyed city in [[Bakhmut Raion]], [[Donetsk Oblast]], [[Ukraine]]. Situated in the [[Donbas]] region of [[eastern Ukraine]], the city was formerly highly important for its salt mining industry, from which its name Soledar is derived. The last estimate of its population before its destruction was 10,490, in 2022.<ref name=2022popdemo/><ref name= France24>{{cite news|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220726-ukraine-frontline-town-just-wants-peace-and-silence|title=Ukraine frontline town just wants 'peace and silence'|date=7 July 2022|access-date=23 January 2023}}</ref>
From 1925 until 1991, it was known as '''[[Karl Liebknecht|Karlo-Libknekhtovsk]]'''.{{efn|{{lang-ru|Карло-Либкнехтовск}}; {{lang-uk|Карло-Лібкнехтівськ|Karlo-Libknekhtivsk}}}} after the German socialist [[Karl Liebknecht]]. During the [[battleBattle of Soledar]] of the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine]], Soledar was completely destroyed and depopulated by [[Russia]]n forces, who have occupied the ruins of the city and the surrounding area since January 2023.<ref name="dnr">{{Cite news|title=Ukraine war: Ukraine admits pulling out of front line town of Soledar |language=en-GB |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64330808 |date=19 January 2023 |access-date=3 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= Ukraine says that its forces have retreated from Soledar after an intense battle. |website= [[The New York Times]]|url= https://www.nytimes.com/2023/01/25/world/europe/ukraine-soledar-retreat.html|date=25 January 2023 |access-date=25 December 2023}}</ref>
==History==
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===Founding===
During the second half of the 17th century, the [[Don Cossacks]] settled in the region of [[Donbas]], building a village at the site what is now known as of Soledar and naming it Brіantsіvka ({{Lang-uk|Брянцівка}}, {{Lang-ru|Брянцовка}}).<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|date=July 11, 2013|chapter=Donets Basin|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-h6r57lDC4QC&pg=PA135|pages=135–136|encyclopedia=Historical Dictionary of Ukraine|location=[[Lanham, Maryland|Lanham]] |publisher=[[Scarecrow Press]]|isbn= 978-0-8108-7847-1}}</ref><ref name=BBCua12Jan>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/features-64235614|title=Соледар. Цікаві факти про місто, бій за яке називають божевіллям|access-language=uk|date=2312 January 2023|work=BBC|first=Svitlana|last=Dorosh|access-date=1223 January 2023|language=uk}}</ref> Salt mining on an industrial scale began in the settlement in 1881,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/01/11/europe/soledar-ukraine-russia-explainer-intl/index.html|title=Why Russia is so intent on capturing the town of Soledar|date=13 January 2023 |access-date=6 February 2023|work=CNN}}</ref> by which time it was part of the [[Russian Empire]].<ref name=EnglishDW>{{cite news|title=Soledar would be a strategic victory for Russia|url=https://www.dw.com/en/seizing-soledar-would-be-a-strategic-victory-for-russia/a-64357268|date=11 January 2023|access-date=23 January 2023}}</ref> Over the following years, the scale of salt mining increased, and hundreds of workers came to work in the mines, and settle in the area.<ref name=BBCua12Jan/>
===20th century===
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==== War in Donbas ====
{{Further information|War in Donbas}}
In February 2014, the [[Russophilia|pro-Russian]] Ukrainian President [[Victor Yanukovych]] was removed from power as a result of the [[Euromaidan]] protests and subsequent [[Revolution of Dignity]]. This caused a [[2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine|backlash in southern and eastern Ukraine]]. In mid-April 2014, [[Russian people's militias in Ukraine|local pro-Russian militias]], refusing to recognise the new government, took control of swathes of settlements across the Donbas and proclaimed the creation of two [[breakaway state]]s, the [[Donetsk People's Republic]] (DPR) and the [[Luhansk People's Republic]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27008026|title='Casualties' in Ukraine gun battles|date=13 April 2014|work=BBC News|access-date=24 December 2023}}</ref> Soledar would remain under the control of pro-Russian rebels for around 3 months, without being a central theatre of events, as nearby [[Sloviansk]] and [[Donetsk]] were.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Ukraine, rebels hold talks over buffer zone |url=https://timesofmalta.com/article/Ukraine-rebels-hold-talks-over-buffer-zone.537418 |date=27 September 2014 |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref> On 21 July 2014, Ukrainian forces announced that they had retaken Soledar.<ref name=bloody>{{Cite news |title=Why the fight for Soledar has become the "most bloody battle" of Russia's war in Ukraine |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ukraine-news-russia-war-soledar-bakhmut-battle-why-its-most-bloody/ |date=12 January 2023 |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref>
During the 2014–2022 years of the war in Donbas, Soledar was peaceful, and not a theatre of conflict. However, the events of 2014 accelerated Soledar's population decline, which fell from 14,600 in 1971 to 10,490 at the beginning of 2022.<ref name=giantmine/> In August 2014, Soledar was used as the base for the identification team and [[OSCE]] observers dealing with the [[MH17]] plane crash due to its proximity to the site.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/08/02/recovery-remains-biggest-day-osce |title=Recovery of remains 'biggest day': OSCE|date=2 August 2014|work=[[Special Broadcasting Service]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.straitstimes.com/news/asia/south-east-asia/story/malaysia-airlines-mh17-crash-more-remains-recovered-site-says-nether |title=Malaysia Airlines MH17 crash: More remains recovered from site, says Netherlands |newspaper=The Straits Times |date=August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.firstpost.com/world/mh17-crash-mission-unarmed-now-dutch-pm-1646175.html |title=MH17 crash mission to be unarmed for now: Dutch PM |date=2 August 2014}}</ref> On 14 January 2015, the body of Ivan Reznichenko, a local council politician missing since June 2014, was found. The press service of political party [[Batkivshchyna]] said the criminals who killed him, who were now in custody, had been ordered to do so by the pro-Russian separatists while they controlled Soledar.<ref>{{cite news|title=Знайшли тіло вбитого сепаратистами депутата від Батьківщини|work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]]|url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2015/01/16/7055297/|access-date=6 February 2023|date=16 January 2015|titleaccess-date=Знайшли6 тіло вбитогоFebruary сепаратистами депутата від Батьківщини|work=[[Ukrainska Pravda]]2023}}</ref>
==== Russian invasion of Ukraine ====
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During the full-scale [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]], on 28 May 2022, it was reported that a Russian missile had hit the [[Artemsil]] salt plant in Soledar. The company's facilities and equipment were destroyed, its building left in ruins. It was the first time the company had closed since World War II.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ua.korrespondent.net/amp/4481903-okupanty-zavdaly-udaru-po-zavodu-artemsi |title=Окупанти завдали удару по заводу Артемсіль |trans-title=The occupiers attacked the Artemsil plant |language=uk |date=28 May 2022}}</ref> By the end of the month, Artemsil was forced to stop production due to constant Russian shelling.<ref name=BBCua12Jan/><ref name= Artemsil/> In July 2022, [[France 24]] reported that Soledar was under constant shelling and was largely destroyed, with the remaining population of 2,000 people experiencing a dire living situation. "There are no more local authorities, no police, no doctors, no pharmacy. Everyone has left. We've been abandoned," a local resident said.<ref name= France24/>
By August 2022, Soledar was estimated as "90 percent destroyed".<ref name= Soledarfacts>{{Cite news |title=How a Ukrainian salt town was laid to waste in Russia's desperate push for Bakhmut|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/russias-wagner-group-decimated-soledar-for-short-lived-political-win-2023-9 |access-date=2512 DecemberNovember 2023 |access-date=1225 NovemberDecember 2023}}</ref> The [[battle of Soledar]] began in intensity in early August 2022. In mid-August 2022, Soledar was visited by Ukrainian president [[Volodymyr Zelensky]], who handed out state awards to Ukrainian soldiers there, and stated to them: "You will definitely win, and thanks to you, the whole of Ukraine will win". <ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/na-donechchini-volodimir-zelenskij-pobuvav-v-osnovnomu-koman-84873 |title=In Donetsk region, Volodymyr Zelenskyy visited the main command post of the Soledar operational and tactical group and awarded the defenders of Ukraine|date=14 August 2022|access-date=13 March 2024}}</ref> Yet by September, Russian forces had captured much of the eastern half of Soledar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Russian attacks grind on in eastern Ukraine as Bakhmut is 'destroyed' |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2022/12/10/russian-attacks-grind-on-in-eastern-ukraine-as-bakhmut-is-destroyed-.html |date=10 December 2022|access-date=4 January 2023}}</ref> Russia's momentum seemed to have stalled towards the end of 2022, however starting on 27 December 2022, the Russian [[Wagner Group]] began a breakthrough attempt to take the settlement and return it to the control of the Donetsk People Republic, which by then had been [[Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts|annexed by Russia]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newsweek.com/soledar-bakhmut-update-wagner-group-claims-control-1772994|title=Soledar Situation Unclear as Wagner Group's Claims of Control in Dispute|date=11 January 2023|access-date=11 January 2023}}</ref><ref name="BBC-1/11">{{cite news |title=Ukraine war: Who controls Soledar and why it matters |work=BBC News |date=11 January 2023 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/64240404 |publisherdate=[[Department11 forJanuary Digital, Culture, Media and Sport]]2023 |access-date=12 January 2023}}</ref> The battle descended into heavy attritional fighting, and was called the "most bloody battle" of the war at the time.<ref name=bloody/> Ukraine evacuated the remaining civilians of Soledar at the start of January, as Russia's Wagner forces moved in.<ref name=SoledarMines>{{cite news|title=Ukraine: The Battle for Soledar's Salt Mines|url=https://iwpr.net/global-voices/ukraine-battle-soledars-salt-mines|title=Ukraine: The Battle for Soledar's Salt Mines |date=9 March 2023|access-date=December 23, 2023}}</ref>
On January 11, 2023, after days of uncertainty as to whether Russia controlled the city, it was reported that Russia had definitively secured control of Soledar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ukraine confirms that Russia has taken control of disputed town of Soledar |url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/ukraine-confirms-that-russia-has-taken-control-of-disputed-town-of-soledar/ar-AA16nYjG |access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref> By the end of the battle, the settlement was almost entirely destroyed, with Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky saying that "barely any walls in Soledar remain[ed] standing".<ref name=RuClaimBBC/> According to Donetsk Oblast governor [[Pavlo Kyrylenko]], of the pre-invasion population of 10,490,<ref name=2022popdemo/> only "559 civilians including 15 children" remained in the settlement by 13 January.<ref name=RuClaimBBC>{{cite web |title= Russia claims control of salt mine town Soledar |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-64263119 |date=13 January 2023 |access-date=13 January 2023}}</ref>
Analysts were divided over the value of Soledar, with some stating that a Russian victory in Soledar would be "[[Pyrrhic victory|pyrrhic]] at best".<ref name="Guardian 13012023">{{Cite web |date=2023-01-13 |title='Hellish' battle for Soledar symbolises state of Russia's war in Ukraine |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/13/hellish-battle-soledar-symbolises-russia-war-ukraine |access-date=2023-01-14 |website=the Guardian |language=en |archive-date=13 January 2023 |archiveaccess-urldate=https://web.archive.org/web/20230113182521/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/13/hellish-battle-soledar-symbolises-russia-war-ukraine4 |url-status=liveApril 2024}}</ref> However, the capture of Soledar, Russia's first territorial gain since July 2022, gave Russia both a morale-boosting victory and territorial gain, arresting the pattern of Russian military reverses in the second half of 2022. Russian forces used Soledar as a staging post to press onto Bakhmut, which they took several months later, in May 2023.<ref>{{cite news|title=With the loss of Soledar, Ukrainian positions in Bakhmut jeopardized|url=https://www.yahoo.com/now/loss-soledar-ukrainian-positions-bakhmut-091058838.html?guccounter=1|work=The Kyiv Independent|date=22 January 2023|access-date=25 December 2023|title=With the loss of Soledar, Ukrainian positions in Bakhmut jeopardized}}</ref><ref name=EnglishDW/><ref name= Soledarfacts/>
Over the following months, Russia reported periodic Ukrainian attacks on Soledar, which it claimed to have repelled. Soledar remains in ruins, and as of 2024 is believed to be completely or nearly unpopulated.<ref name= "Alarabiya">{{cite web |title= Russia claims repelling Ukraine's 'offensive operations' in direction of Soledar |url= https://english.alarabiya.net/News/world/2023/05/12/Russia-claims-repulsing-Ukraine-s-offensive-operations-in-direction-of-Soledar |date=12 May 2023 |access-date=22 December 2023}}</ref>
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[[File:Соль - Донор.JPG|thumb|left| A package of [[Artemsil]] salt]]
Soledar's primary industry was the mining and processing of salt. Salt company Artemsil, founded in 1976, was the former owner of Soledar's salt industry, and said that the salt deposits of Soledar are "almost inexhaustible.... in 300 years of exploitation, the salt reserves have only decreased by one percent."<ref name=BBCua12Jan/> There were estimated to be 5 billion tonnes of salt reserves in the Soledar salt mines, with the Soledar salt mine regarded as the largest salt mine in Europe. However Artemsil is now defuntdefunct, and the Soledar salt mine has not been in operation since May 2022.<ref name=giantmine>{{cite news|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/giant-ukrainian-salt-mine-takes-center-stage-in-war-11673610354|title=Giant Ukrainian Salt Mine Takes Center Stage in War|first1=Alistair |last1=MacDonald|first2=Oksana |last2=Pyrozhok|work=The Wall Street Journal}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Battle rages in Ukraine town; Russia shakes up its military|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/ukraine-says-mining-town-holding-out-against-russian-assault/2023/01/11/6d0d6946-9191-11ed-90f8-53661ac5d9b9_story.html|title=Battle rages in Ukraine town; Russia shakes up its military|first=Andrew |last=Meldrum|access-date=January 21, 2023}}</ref><ref name=BI>{{cite news|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-salt-mines-soledar-wagner-russia-claims-seized-2023-1|title=Take a look inside the incredible 'underground city' carved from salt that Russia and Ukraine are battling over|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/inside-salt-mines-soledar-wagner-russia-claims-seized-2023-1|date=14 January 2023|access-date=4 April 2024}}</ref><ref name="reuters">{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/ukraine-fights-russian-assault-salt-mining-town-along-eastern-front-2023-01-09/|title=Russian mercenary firm claims strategic Ukrainian town of Soledar, control unclear|access-date=10 January 2023}}</ref><ref name="WSJ11012023">{{cite news |last1=Trofimov |first1=Yaroslav |title=Russia Claims Success in Ukraine's Soledar as Moscow Names New War Commander |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/russia-claims-success-in-ukraines-soledar-its-first-advance-in-months-11673429457 |access-date=1211 January 2023 |work=WSJ |access-date=1112 January 2023}}</ref>
In 2021, the mine provided around 95% of Ukraine's salt.<ref name=giantmine/> Outside of Ukraine, the company exported salt to 22 countries, mostly in the [[Post-Soviet states|former Soviet sphere]], but also about 40 percent to Europe.<ref name=SoledarMines/><ref name=RussiaBan/> [[Russia]] had been an important export destination in particular, with Artemsil having a 24 percent share of the Russian salt market until January 2015, when Russia suspended imports from the company due to the war in Donbas.<ref name=SaltOfTheEarth>{{cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/inside-ukraines-artyomsalt-salt-mine/29993212.html|title=Salt of the Earth: Deep Inside Eastern Ukraine's Massive Soledar Mines|access-date=January 21, 2023|first=Amos |last=Chapple|date=11 January 2023}}</ref><ref name=RussiaBan>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/ukraine-crisis-russia-salt/refile-russia-bans-salt-imports-from-state-ukrainian-firm-idINL6N0V50R120150126|title=Russia bans salt imports from state Ukrainian firm|date=26 January 2015|access-date=26 January 2023|work=Reuters}}</ref>
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The {{ill|Sil, Donetsk Oblast|uk|Сіль (Бахмутська міська рада)|lt=Sil}} ({{lang-uk|Сіль}}; {{lang-ru|Соль|Sol}}, both literally translated as "Salt") railway station is located {{convert|3|km|mile}} northwest of the center of Soledar.<ref>{{cite news|work=CNN|url=https://www.cnn.com/europe/live-news/russia-ukraine-war-news-1-16-23/index.html|title=Russian mercenary group claims to capture train station west of Soledar|date=January 16, 2023|access-date=January 21, 2023|first1=Tara |last1=Subramaniam |first2=Leinz |last2=Vales |first3=Aditi |last3=Sangal |first4=Mike |last4=Hayes |first5=Elise |last5=Hammond |first6=Maureen |last6=Chowdhury}}</ref> It was formerly an urban-type settlement of its own until 1999 when the [[Verkhovna Rada]] officially declared it administratively subordinate to Soledar.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Про зміну меж міста Соледар Артемівської міської ради Донецької області |trans-title=About the change of boundaries of the city of Soledar of the Artemiv city council of the Donetsk region |url=http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/cgi-bin/laws/main.cgi?nreg=867-14 |work=Законодавство України |access-date=2018-09-15 |language=uk |archive-date=2018-09-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180910204211/http://zakon1.rada.gov.ua/cgi-bin/laws/main.cgi?nreg=867-14}}</ref> The large railway station served as an essential hub station for shipping out Soledar's salt. The last shipment of Soledar salt went out in May 2022.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/eng/news/2022/05/23/7348037/|title=Because of the war, Artemsil has shut down: Ukraine will have to import more salt from abroad|date=23 May 2022|first=Oleksii |last=Pavlysh|access-date=21 January 2023|work=Ukrainska Pravda}}</ref><ref name= Artemsil/>
The {{ill|Dekonska|uk|Деконська}} ({{Lang-uk|Деконська}}) railway station, located {{convert|2|km|mile}} to the south of the centre of Soledar, is another formerly separate settlement that is now part of the city.<ref name="bse">{{cite encyclopedia|url=https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/93733/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE|title=Карло-Либкнехтовск|trans-title=Karlo-Libknekhtovsk|language=ru|encyclopedia=[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]]}}</ref>
==Science==
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From November 1977, the Artyomovsk Scintillation Detector has been located in Soledar salt mine, operating at a depth of {{convert|570|m|ft}}. Its main purpose is to detect [[neutrino]] radiation from collapsing [[stars]].<ref name=FortyYears>{{Cite journal |last1=Antonenko |first1=A. G. |last2=Borshchevsky |first2=V. P. |last3=Enikeev |first3=R. I. |last4=Ochkas |first4=O. V. |last5=Ryazhskaya |first5=Olga Georgievna |last6=Chernyshov |first6=L. V. |last7=Yarosh |first7=A. P. |last8=Iarosh |first8=N. A. |date=1 January 2018 |title=Forty Years to the Artemovsk Scintillation Detector for Neutrinos |url=https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063778818010040 |journal=Physics of Atomic Nuclei |language=en |volume=81 |issue=1 |pages=88–94 |doi=10.1134/S1063778818010040 |bibcode=2018PAN....81...88A |s2cid=255235707 |issn=1562-692X|access-date=16 February 2023}}</ref><ref name="Search">{{Cite journal |last1=Ashikhmin |first1=V. V. |last2=Enikeev |first2=R. I. |last3=Pokropivny |first3=A. V. |last4=Ryazhskaya |first4=O. G. |last5=Ryasny |first5=V. G. |date=11 December 2013 |title=Search for neutrino radiation from collapsing stars with the Artyomovsk scintillation detector |url=http://link.springer.com/10.3103/S1062873813110051 |journal=Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics |language=en |volume=77 |issue=11 |pages=1333–1335 |doi=10.3103/S1062873813110051 |bibcode=2013BRASP..77.1333A |s2cid=255431778 |issn=1062-8738}}</ref> This location inside the salt mine was chosen because the "natural-radioactivity background in salt is approximately 300 times lower than in ordinary rock," thus minimizing radiation noise.<ref name=FortyYears/>
In 2000, a Ukrainian scientist proposed using Soledar's salt mines as a [[nuclear waste disposal]] site, believing that the inert environment would be useful. However residents of Soledar and the surroundngsurrounding area, including Bakhmut, opposed the proposal, holding rallies and writing letters to authorities. Eventually, regional authorities said that the plan would not be implemented.<ref name=BBCua12Jan/>
On 15 March 2005, the [[Donetsk Oblast Council]] gave the [[Institute for Nuclear Research]] of the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]] the right to use 0.63 hectares of area in the mine and the station for research.<ref name=geo>{{Cite news |title=GEOnews -– Украина. Каменную соль Артемовска РАН будет использовать для исследований |url=https://geonews.com.ua/news/detail/ukraina-kamennuyu-sol-artemovska-ran-3965 |access-date=2023-09-10|language=ru}}</ref> At this time, the station had 11 employees.<ref name=geo/>
==Demographics==
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}}
Soledar's population has fallen over the past few decades, from 14,600 in 1971<ref name="bse" /> to 10,490 in 2022, and only an estimated 550 as of early 2023.<ref name=2022popdemo/> As of 2024, Soledar is believed to be unpopulated.<ref name= "Alarabiya"/>
In terms of ethnicity, at the time of the 2001 census, over 80% of the town's population were ethnic [[Ukrainians]] and notable minorities were [[Russians in Ukraine|Russians]], [[Belarusians]] and [[Armenians]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://datatowel.in.ua/pop-composition/ethnic-cities | title=Національний склад міст }}</ref>
The native language of Soledar's population, as of the [[Ukrainian Census (2001)|Ukrainian Census of 2001]]: [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] 60.10%, [[Russian language|Russian]] 39.43%, [[Armenian language|Armenian]] 0.11%, [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]] 0.09%, [[Romani language|Romani]] 0.05%, [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] 0.02%, [[Moldovan language|Moldovan]] 0.02%, and one person each for [[Greek language|Greek]], [[Karaim language|Karaim]], [[Polish language|Polish]] and [[Romanian language|Romanian]] (0.01%).<ref>{{cite web |title=Databank |url=http://db.ukrcensus.gov.ua/MULT/Database/Census/databasetree_en.asp |website=All-Ukrainian Population Census}}</ref>
{{bar box|title=Ethnic groups in Soledar in 2001|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars={{bar percent|[[Ukrainians]]|dodgerblue|82.22}}
{{bar percent|[[Russians]]|purple|16.18}}
{{bar percent|[[Belarusians]]|red|0.34}}
{{bar percent|[[Armenians]]|brown|0.17}}
{{bar percent|[[Moldovans]]|pink|0.08}}
{{bar percent|[[Ukrainian Greeks]]|lightblue|0.08}}}}
{{bar box|title=Native languages in Soledar in 2001|titlebar=#ddd|left1=|right1=percent|bars={{bar percent|[[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]]|dodgerblue|60.10}}
{{bar percent|[[Russian language in Ukraine|Russian]]|purple|39.43}}
{{bar percent|[[Armenian language|Armenian]]|brown|0.11}}
{{bar percent|[[Belarusian language|Belarusian]]|red|0.09}}
{{bar percent|[[Romani language|Romani]]|black|0.05}}
{{bar percent|[[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]]|turquoise|0.02}}
{{bar percent|others|gray|0.03}}}}
==Notable people==