Shestakov (‹See Tfd›Russian: Шестако́в, Шостако́в) is a Russian surname, and it may refer to:
- Dmitri Shestakov (born 1983), Russian professional football player
- Igor Shestakov (born 1984), Russian professional footballer
- Ivan Shestakov (1820–1888), Russian statesman, writer, and admiral
- Kirill Shestakov (born 1985), Russian professional footballer
- Lev Shestakov (1915–1944), Soviet military aviator and the Red Air Force's leading ace in the Spanish Civil War
- Nikolai Shestakov (1954–ca. 1977), Soviet Russian serial killer
- Sergei Shestakov (born 1961), Russian professional football coach and a former player
- Serhiy Shestakov (born 1990), Ukrainian professional football player
- Victor Shestakov (1907–1987), Russian/Soviet logician and theoretician of electrical engineering
- Vladimir Shestakov (born 1961), Russian judoka who competed for the Soviet Union in the 1988 Summer Olympics
- Yevheniy Shestakov (born 1976), Ukrainian male boxer
- Yuri Shestakov (born 1985), Russian professional football player
- Natalia (Sergeyevna) Shestakova (born 1988, Perm), Russian pair skater