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===Pronunciation===

According to [[Sibawayh]], author of the first book on [[Arabic grammar]], the letter is pronounced [[voiced phoneme|voiced]] (''maǧhūr''),<ref>[[Kees Versteegh]], ''The Arabic Language'', pg. 131. [[Edinburgh]]: [[Edinburgh University Press]], 2001. Paperback edition. {{ISBN|9780748614363}}</ref> although some scholars argue, that Sibawayh's term ''maǧhūr'' implies lack of [[Aspiration (linguistics)|aspiration]] rather than voice.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Al-Jallad|first=Ahmad|url=https://www.academia.edu/38100372|title=A Manual of the Historical Grammar of Arabic (Draft)|year=2020|page=47}}</ref> As noted above, [[Modern Standard Arabic]] has the [[voiceless uvular plosive]] {{IPAslink|q}} as its standard pronunciation of the letter, but dialecticaldialectal pronunciations vary as follows:

The three main pronunciations: