File:Czechoslovak Republic (1938).svg - Wikipedia

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Description

English: The Czechoslovak Republic in 1938.

Date

17 December 2012

Source

Own work

Author

TRAJAN 117

Permission
(Reusing this file)

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Other versions

English: This map is part of a series of historical political maps of Europe. All maps by Alphathon and based upon Blank map of Europe.svg unless otherwise stated.

Deutsch: Diese Karte ist Teil einer Serie historischer politischer Europakarten. Solange nicht anders angegeben, wurden alle Karten durch Alphathon auf Basis von Blank map of Europe.svg erstellt, sofern nicht anders angegeben.

Français : Cette carte fait partie d'une série de cartes historiques et politiques d'Europe. Toutes les cartes ont été créées par Alphathon et basées sur Blank map of Europe.svg sauf indication contraire.

Evolution of specific states

Germany/Holy Roman Empire

Italy

Northern Italy
774 – 12th century/1805
In 774 Charlemagne conquered the Kingdom of the Lombards. However, only northern and central Italy fell under Frankish control (nominally including the central Italian Papal territory). This northern portion later evolved into the Kingdom of Italy (following its partition from Middle Francia in the 855 Treaty of Prüm), and formed part of the Holy Roman Empire from 962. Other than a few periods of personal union with its southern neighbours, the north-south divide would remain until the unification of Italy in the 19th century.

	Frankish Empire – 814		Middle Francia – 843		Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire) – 1000
	Also known as Francia, the Kingdom of the Franks and the Carolingian Empire		Partitioned from Francia in the Treaty of Verdun along with West Francia (later the Kingdom of France; see above) and East Francia (later the Kingdom of Germany; see above)		Constituent Kingdom of the Holy Roman Empire 951–1806 (although its states became autonomous in 1176 and for most practical purposes it ceased to exist far earlier than 1806)
1805 – 1814
In 1805 Napoleon crowned himself King of Italy and subsequently created a client-kingdom in north-eastern Italy.

		Kingdom of Italy (Napoleonic) – 1812
		Client state of the First French Empire; existed 1805–1814
Southern Italy
774 – 1860
While Charlemagne conquered the northern portion of the Lombard kingdom, the south remained separate, apart from a few periods of personal union, until the unification of Italy in the 19th century. As an single entity, southern Italy was sometimes united, sometimes not, during this period.

	Norman possessions in southern Italy – 1097		Norman Kingdom of Sicily – 1190		Kingdom of the Two Sicilies – 1839
While not a united polity, the County of Sicily and Duchy of Apulia and Calabria were both ruled by members of the House of Hauteville (in 1097 by Roger Bosso (uncle) and Roger Borsa (nephew) respectively) and were closely tied.
Italian Unification
1860 – Today
In 1860 the Kingdom of Sardinia united almost all Italian lands into the newly re-formed Kingdom of Italy, and within the next decade the remainder of Italian lands not part of the Austrian Empire/Austria-Hungary, Switzerland or San Marino were also integrated.

Kingdom of Sardinia – 1860	Kingdom of Italy – 1861	Kingdom of Italy – 1870	Kingdom of Italy – 1914	Kingdom of Italy – 1936	Kingdom of Italy – 1943	Italian Social Republic – 1943