Falaise, Calvados


Contributors to Wikimedia projects

Article Images

Content deleted Content added

Line 86: Line 86:

}}

}}



==Notable people==

==Notable people & Animals==

* [[Herleva]] - (died {{circa|1050|lk=yes}}) a [[Norman people|Norman]] woman known for having been the mother of [[William the Conqueror]], and also of William's prominent half-brothers [[Odo of Bayeux]] and [[Robert, Count of Mortain]] was born here.<ref>https://spartacus-educational.com/NORherleva.htm</ref>

* [[William the Conqueror]] (c. 1028 – 1087), future king of England, was born in Falaise

* [[William the Conqueror]] (c. 1028 – 1087), future king of England, was born in Falaise.<ref>https://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/learn/history/normans/william-the-conqueror</ref>

* [[Yom Tov of Falaise]], an 11th century French rabbi, grandson of [[Rashi]]

* [[Samuel ben Solomon of Falaise]], 12th- and 13th-century French rabbi also known by his name, Sir Morel.

* [[Yom Tov of Falaise]], an 11th century French rabbi, grandson of [[Rashi]] was born here.<ref name="rabbifalaise">https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tje/f/falaise.html</ref>

* [[Samuel ben Solomon of Falaise]], 12th- and 13th-century French rabbi also known by his name, Sir Morel was born here.<ref name="rabbifalaise"/>

* [[Frédéric de Lafresnaye]] (1783–1861), ornithologist, was born and died in Falaise

* [[Nicolas Vauquelin des Yveteaux]] - (1567–1649) a French [[libertine]] poet, the son of [[Jean Vauquelin de la Fresnaye]] was born here at the château de La Fresnaye.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/palissy/PM77003985| title=plaque funéraire de Nicolas de Vauquelin | publisher=Ministere De La Culture}}</ref>

* [[Antoine de Montchrestien]] - (c. 1575{{snd}} - 1621) a French soldier, dramatist, adventurer and [[economist]] was born here.<ref>https://www.alternatives-economiques.fr/antoine-de-montchrestien-inventeur-de-leconomie-politique/00038620</ref>

* [[François Bonnemer]] (1638 - 1689) - a French painter and [[engraving|engraver]], was born here.<ref>https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500096667</ref>

* [[Pierre Henry-Larivière]] (1761 - 1838) a French politician and [[député]] for [[Calvados (département)|Calvados]] to the [[French Convention|Convention]] was born here.<ref>https://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/%28num_dept%29/12839</ref>

* [[Frédéric de Lafresnaye]] (1783–1861), ornithologist, was born and died here.<ref>https://www.conchology.be/?t=9001&id=22893</ref>

* [[Louis Félix Étienne, marquis de Turgot]] - (1796 – 1866) a French diplomat and politician was born here.<ref>https://dodis.ch/P32795</ref>

* [[Louis Alphonse de Brébisson]] - (1798 – 1888) a French [[botanist]] and photographer was born and died here.<ref>https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/ressources/artists-personalities-catalog/louis-alphonse-de-brebisson-5524</ref>

* [[Moustache (dog)|Moustache]] - (1799 &ndash; 1812) a [[Barbet dog|barbet]] who is reputed to have played a part in the [[French Revolutionary Wars|French Revolutionary]] and [[Napoleonic Wars]], was born here.<ref>https://actu.fr/normandie/_14/decouvrez-histoires-hors-commun-quatre-animaux-normandie_13048619.html</ref>

* [[Pauline Roland]] - (1805 – 1852) a French [[feminist]] and [[socialist]] was born here.<ref>https://www.womeninpeace.org/r-names/2019/5/29/pauline-roland</ref>

* [[Charles-Philippe de Chennevières-Pointel]] - (1820 – 1899) a French writer and art historian was born here.<ref>https://mk-tales.com/francais-2/histoires-francais/charles-philippe-pointel-fr/mktales-admin/charles-philippe-pointel-biographie/</ref>

* [[Louis Alphonse Gassion]] - (1881 &ndash; 1944) was the father of [[Édith Piaf]] also an entertainer, circus performer and theatre actor, who was born here.<ref>https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/falaise-14700/edith-piaf-decedee-il-y-a-60-ans-avait-de-nombreux-liens-avec-falaise-40246cc6-65ea-11ee-a884-b3b8776af523</ref>

* [[Lucien Plantefol]] - (1891-1983) a [[botanist]] and member of the [[Académie des sciences (France)|French Academy of Sciences]] who developed a theory of leaf helices to explain [[phyllotaxis]] was born here.<ref>https://data.bnf.fr/fr/12325094/lucien_plantefol/</ref>

* [[Jacques Hébert (French politician)|Jacques Hébert]] - (1920 – 2018) a French politician was born and later died here.<ref>https://www.ordredelaliberation.fr/fr/compagnons/jacques-hebert</ref>

* [[Alain Ferté]] (b.1955) is a French professional racing driver, who was born here.<ref>https://www.autohebdo.fr/actualites/classic/lancien-pilote-michel-ferte-est-decede.html</ref>

* [[Michel Ferté]] (1958 – 2023) was a French professional racing driver who was born here.<ref>https://actu.fr/normandie/falaise_14258/falaise-lancien-pilote-automobile-michel-ferte-est-decede-a-lage-de-64-ans_56382514.html</ref>

* [[Rodolphe Thomas]] (b. 1962) is a French politician and member of the [[Democratic Movement (France)|MoDem]] who was born here.<ref>https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/latypique-rodolphe-thomas-maire-star-2047684</ref>

* [[Stéphane Le Bouyonnec]] (b. 1962) is a [[Canadians|Canadian]] politician who was born here.<ref>https://www.assnat.qc.ca/en/deputes/le-bouyonnec-stephane-12269/biographie.html</ref>

* [[Cédric Hengbart]] (b.1980) is a French professional [[Association football|football]] [[Manager (association football)|manager]] and former [[Football player|player]] who was born here.<ref>https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/cedric-hengbart/</ref>



==International relations==

==International relations==


Revision as of 23:34, 12 April 2024

Falaise

The chateau and town centre of Falaise

The chateau and town centre of Falaise

Coat of arms of Falaise

Coat of arms

Location of Falaise

Map

Falaise is located in France

Falaise

Falaise

Falaise is located in Normandy

Falaise

Falaise

Coordinates: 48°53′50″N 00°11′51″W / 48.89722°N 0.19750°W
CountryFrance
RegionNormandy
DepartmentCalvados
ArrondissementCaen
CantonFalaise
IntercommunalityPays de Falaise
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2026) Hervé Maunoury[1]
Area

1

11.84 km2 (4.57 sq mi)
Population

 (2021)[2]

7,782
 • Density660/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code

14258 /14700

Elevation89–188 m (292–617 ft)
(avg. 132 m or 433 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Falaise (French pronunciation: [falɛz] ) is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

Geography

Flowing through Falaise are The River Ante and The River Trainefeuille, both tributaries of the river Dives.[3][4][5]

Falaise borders the area known as Suisse Normande, on its eastern side.[6]

History

The area around Falaise has been inhabited from prehistoric times, but it was only at the end of the prehistoric period and the beginning of the Gallo-Roman era that the area, Falaise in particular, was regularly inhabited. Evidence of settlement from the time has been found at Vaston, an agricultural area just north-east of the modern town.[8]

The Château de Falaise on its rocky crag

Falaise, as it is sited today, probably came into being around the castle.

The town was the birthplace of William the Conqueror, first of the Norman Kings of England. He was frequently referred to as William the Bastard, on account of his being born out of wedlock to Herleva from Falaise, reputedly a tanner's daughter.[9]

The Château de Falaise (12th–13th century), which overlooks the town from a high crag (French: falaise), was formerly the seat of the Dukes of Normandy. Also, the Treaty of Falaise was signed at the castle in December 1174 between the captive William I, King of Scots, and the Plantagenet King of England, Henry II.[10]

The town was also the place that Rabbi Yom Tov of Falaise, grandchild of Rashi, held his rabbinical court.

On 26 October 1851, a statue of William the Conqueror was inaugurated here (at his place of birth).[11]

World War II

After the Liberation of Falaise by the 2nd Canadian Infantry Division on 17 August 1944, U.S. troops pose with a captured German flag by a knocked-out tank.

In modern times, it is known for the battle of the Falaise Pocket during the Allied reconquest of France (called Operation Overlord) in August 1944 in which two German armies were encircled and destroyed by the allied armies. Some 10,000 German troops were killed and 50,000 taken prisoner.[12]

Two-thirds of Falaise was destroyed by allied bombing before the town was taken by a combined force of Canadian and Polish troops. Falaise was largely restored after the war.[13]

Population

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1968 7,180—    
1975 8,368+2.21%
1982 8,597+0.39%
1990 8,119−0.71%
1999 8,434+0.42%
2007 8,456+0.03%
2012 8,413−0.10%
2017 8,186−0.55%
Source: INSEE[14]

Notable people & Animals

International relations

Falaise
Watercolour by
Émile Appay (1876–1935)

Falaise has been twinned with Henley-on-Thames in Oxfordshire, England, since 1974; Bad Neustadt an der Saale in Germany since 1969; Cassino in Italy since 1975; and Alma, Quebec in Canada since 1969.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ Sandre. "Fiche cours d'eau - La Dives (I1--0200)".
  4. ^ Sandre. "Fiche cours d'eau - L'Ante (I1210600)".
  5. ^ Sandre. "Fiche cours d'eau - Le Trainefeuille (I1180600)".
  6. ^ "Map of Suiss Normande" (PDF).
  7. ^ "Falaise · 14700, France". Falaise · 14700, France.
  8. ^ "Histoire". Mairie de Falaise.
  9. ^ "William I 'The Conqueror' (r. 1066-1087) | The Royal Family".
  10. ^ "Falaise Castle | Norman Connections | Discover Norman History". www.normanconnections.com.
  11. ^ Putnam, George Palmer (3 April 2018). "The World's Progress: A Dictionary of Dates, with Tabular Views of General History and a Historical Chart". G. P. Putnam and Company. Archived from the original on 6 May 2022. Retrieved 3 April 2018 – via Google Books.
  12. ^ "The Falaise pocket – The Memorial of Montormel". www.liberationroute.com.
  13. ^ "Normandy - Falaise Pocket | Chemins de mémoire". www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr.
  14. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  15. ^ https://spartacus-educational.com/NORherleva.htm
  16. ^ https://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/learn/history/normans/william-the-conqueror
  17. ^ a b https://www.studylight.org/encyclopedias/eng/tje/f/falaise.html
  18. ^ "plaque funéraire de Nicolas de Vauquelin". Ministere De La Culture.
  19. ^ https://www.alternatives-economiques.fr/antoine-de-montchrestien-inventeur-de-leconomie-politique/00038620
  20. ^ https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500096667
  21. ^ https://www2.assemblee-nationale.fr/sycomore/fiche/%28num_dept%29/12839
  22. ^ https://www.conchology.be/?t=9001&id=22893
  23. ^ https://dodis.ch/P32795
  24. ^ https://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/ressources/artists-personalities-catalog/louis-alphonse-de-brebisson-5524
  25. ^ https://actu.fr/normandie/_14/decouvrez-histoires-hors-commun-quatre-animaux-normandie_13048619.html
  26. ^ https://www.womeninpeace.org/r-names/2019/5/29/pauline-roland
  27. ^ https://mk-tales.com/francais-2/histoires-francais/charles-philippe-pointel-fr/mktales-admin/charles-philippe-pointel-biographie/
  28. ^ https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/falaise-14700/edith-piaf-decedee-il-y-a-60-ans-avait-de-nombreux-liens-avec-falaise-40246cc6-65ea-11ee-a884-b3b8776af523
  29. ^ https://data.bnf.fr/fr/12325094/lucien_plantefol/
  30. ^ https://www.ordredelaliberation.fr/fr/compagnons/jacques-hebert
  31. ^ https://www.autohebdo.fr/actualites/classic/lancien-pilote-michel-ferte-est-decede.html
  32. ^ https://actu.fr/normandie/falaise_14258/falaise-lancien-pilote-automobile-michel-ferte-est-decede-a-lage-de-64-ans_56382514.html
  33. ^ https://www.ouest-france.fr/normandie/latypique-rodolphe-thomas-maire-star-2047684
  34. ^ https://www.assnat.qc.ca/en/deputes/le-bouyonnec-stephane-12269/biographie.html
  35. ^ https://www.worldfootball.net/player_summary/cedric-hengbart/

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Falaise.