User talk:Patelurology2: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia


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By Arvind M Patel

March 27, 2009 Patelurology2 (talk) 12:42, 30 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Welcome!

Hello, Patelurology2, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are some pages that you might find helpful:

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your messages on discussion pages using four tildes (~~~~); this will automatically insert your username and the date. If you need help, check out Wikipedia:Questions, ask me on my talk page, or ask your question on this page and then place {{helpme}} before the question. Again, welcome! —C.Fred (talk) 22:09, 27 March 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Wikipedia:Introduction

Hi! Yeah, after seeing more of the site I decided to post it. English external links are preferred, but in some cases non-English external links work as well. WhisperToMe (talk) 16:58, 10 June 2009 (UTC)[reply]

User:Patelurology2/Maritime history Kathiawar

Thank you for posting to my talk page concerning the current discussions on the AF447 talk page. Firstly, thank you for pointing out the remark about nationalities, which indeed has no place here on Wikipedia. An apology has been presented and accepted.

Secondly concerning original research and speculation we should indeed limit ourselves to what comes from reliable sources. If I understand you correctly, we are agree that information from the BEA is our most reliable source. Thank you by the way for posting the full document in English - if you have the French version available I would be very keen to read it as it is the reference document.

I haven't had time to do much more than a cursory read of the article and the talk page, but as of 15:00 UTC the article seems to be sufficiently NPOV and factual to me. I suspect that some of the contested information has been resolved. However, if there are any points which you think may be missing, please do not hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Regards AlexandrDmitri (talk) 15:41, 4 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Satellite image of the Eastern Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone of June 1 2009, 00: 00 pm. Areas with high rainfall are red, blue shows low rainfall
File:Rota AirFrance 447 pt.svg
Flight path and location of search (red circles find debris found).

Patelurology2 (talk) 18:54, 20 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

File:Area de buscas.jpg
Shows the search area where wreckage and bodies found.

Patelurology2 (talk) 19:02, 20 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

satellite images from 10 am and harnessed to 06h UTC [[1] from [June] [2009]], showing a high concentration of dust clouds close to the Archipelago of Saint Peter and Paul Intertropical Convergence Zone. "A" represents the last known position and "b" where the rubble was found.

Patelurology2 (talk) 19:15, 20 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

File:Air france.jpg
Grafik lokasi Air France terhempas

ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fail:Air_france.jpg route diagramPatelurology2 (talk) 00:33, 21 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

02:10-kor mindhárom Pitot-cső meghibásodik

Patelurology2 (talk) 00:55, 21 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

With respect to above in AF447 section of my talk page, the following may help understand the extent of problems and opportunities to learn from Wikipedias in other languages; Language barrier can be overcome.Topic title listed in Language barrier :

Same Topic in Different Language Wikipedia- Divergence & Similarities in Study of any Subject ..include also opportunities to learn and cross feed.

  • Different language Wikipedia pages for the same topic for e.g. the English page AF447 and the French page [1] and respective talk pages are likely to have divergence and similarities in evolution of study of any subject at hand; ability to cross contribute the content save Language barrier needs further study by active contributors of their respective language pages. ...Language is no barrier. Auto-translation programs can be used e.g. Bing Translator as possibly preferred for a such study for Side by Side feature of ability to view two languages, the original and machine translation to understand the gist; auto-translation is no substitute for a professional human translator.
  • Any page in any Wikipedia should have a machine auto-translation feature to help understand atleast the gist of the article; existing links on all pages in languages are for the the original pages in those respective languages. Importance of translation of all the articles that Wikipedia has in different languages is emphasised; machine auto-translation feature on any page and talk pages in any langnguage Wikipedia would suffice and for intensive study human translators available in Wikipedias would help. Meta.Wikipedia Translation Requests. Machine auto-translation is no substitute for human translation; meaning and context are often inaccurate or lost in the former.Patelurology2 (talk) 18:27, 8 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

ar:الخطوط الجوية الفرنسية رحلة 447 ca:Vol 447 d'Air France cs:Let Air France 447 da:Air France Flight 447[2] de:Air-France-Flug 447[3] et:Air France'i lend 447 el:Πτήση Air France 447 es:Vuelo 447 de Air France[4] eo:Flugo Air France 447 eu:Air Francen 447 hegaldiaren istripua fa:پرواز شماره ۴۴۷ هواپیمایی فرانسه fr:Vol 447 Air France gl:Voo 447 de Air France ko:에어프랑스 447편[5] id:Air France Penerbangan 447 it:Volo Air France 447[6] he:טיסה 447 של אייר פראנס hu:Az Air France 447-es járatának katasztrófája ms:Penerbangan 447 Air France nl:Air France-vlucht 447 ja:エールフランス447便墜落事故 no:Air France Flight 447 pl:Katastrofa lotu Air France 447 pt:Voo Air France 447[7] ro:Zborul 447 al Air France ru:Авиакатастрофа над Атлантическим океаном 1 июня 2009 sr:Пад авиона Ер Франса на линији 447 (2009. године) sh:Air France let 447 fi:Air Francen lento 447 sv:Air France Flight 447 th:แอร์ฟรานซ์ เที่ยวบินที่ 447 tr:Air France Uçuş 447 vi:Chuyến bay 447 của Air France wuu:法国航空447号班机 zh:法國航空447號班機空難 Patelurology2 (talk) 03:53, 31 July 2009 (UTC) Patelurology2 (talk) 18:37, 31 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

af:Taal als:Sprache ar:لغة an:Luengache frp:Lengua ast:Idioma gn:Ñe'ẽ ay:Aru az:Dil bm:Kan bn:ভাষা zh-min-nan:Gí-giân map-bms:Basa ba:Тел (фән) be:Мова be-x-old:Мова bar:Sprache bs:Jezik br:Yezh bg:Език (лингвистика) ca:Llenguatge cv:Чĕлхе ceb:Pinulongan cs:Jazyk (lingvistika) cy:Iaith da:Sprog pdc:Schprooch de:Sprache dv:ބަސް nv:Saad et:Keel (keeleteadus) el:Γλώσσα eml:Langua es:Lenguaje eo:Lingvo eu:Hizkuntza fa:زبان hif:Bhasa fo:Mál fr:Langage fy:Taal fur:Lengaç ga:Teanga (cumarsáid) gv:Çhengey (çhaghteraght) gd:Cànan gl:Linguaxe gan:語言 gu:ભાષા ko:언어 hy:Լեզու hi:भाषा hr:Jezik io:Linguo ilo:Pagsasao id:Bahasa ia:Linguage os:Æвзаг xh:Ulwimi is:Tungumál it:Linguaggio he:שפה jv:Basa kl:Oqaatsit kn:ಭಾಷೆ ka:ენა (მეტყველება) kw:Yeth ky:Тил sw:Lugha kv:Кыв kg:Ndinga ht:Lang ku:Ziman lad:Linguaje lo:ພາສາ la:Lingua lv:Valoda lb:Sprooch lt:Kalba li:Taol ln:Lokótá jbo:bangu hu:Nyelv mk:Јазик mg:Fiteny ml:ഭാഷ mr:भाषा arz:لغة mzn:Zivan ms:Bahasa cdo:Ngṳ̄-ngiòng nl:Taal nds-nl:Taol ja:言語 nap:Lengua ce:Мотт pih:Laenghwij no:Språk nn:Språk nrm:Laungue oc:Lenga pnb:بولی pap:Idioma ps:ژبه pl:Język (mowa) pt:Linguagem ksh:Sprooch ro:Limbă (comunicare) rmy:Chhib rm:Lingua qu:Rimay ru:Язык sah:Тыл se:Giella sc:Limbas sco:Leid stq:Sproake scn:Lingua (parràta) simple:Language sk:Jazyk (lingvistika) cu:Ѩꙁꙑ́къ sl:Jezik (sredstvo sporazumevanja) sr:Језик fi:Kieli sv:Språk tl:Wika ta:மொழி tt:Tel te:భాష th:ภาษา tg:Забон (суxан) chr:ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ tr:Dil (lisan) tk:Dil uk:Мова ur:لسان vi:Ngôn ngữ vo:Pük fiu-vro:Keeleq wa:Lingaedje war:Yinaknan wuu:言话 yi:שפראך yo:Èdè zh-yue:語言 diq:Zıwan (lisan) zea:Taele bat-smg:Kalba zh:语言


Patelurology2 (talk) 17:18, 9 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Patelurology2 (talk) 17:38, 9 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Patelurology2 (talk) 19:14, 4 August 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Patelurology2 (talk) 23:17, 5 August 2009 (UTC)[reply]

As a member of the Aviation WikiProject or one of its subprojects, you may be interested in testing your skills in the Aviation Contest! I created this contest, not to pit editor against editor, but to promote article improvement and project participation and camraderie. Hopefully you will agree with its usefulness. Sign up here, read up on the rules here, and discuss the contest here. The first round of the contest may not start until September 1st-unless a large number of editors signup and are ready to compete immediately! Since this contest is just beginning, please give feedback here, or let me know what you think on my talkpage. - Trevor MacInnis contribs 03:41, 23 August 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Rajkot Schools and Colleges

    • University/Colleges
  • AV Parekh Technical Institute
  • BK Mody Government Pharmacy College
  • Government Medical College
  • Government Polytechnic
  • H and HB Kotak Institute of Science
  • Kundaliya College
  • Lukhdhirji Engeering College
  • M and N Virani Science College
  • Matushree Virbaima Mahila College
  • PD Malaviya College
  • Saurastra University
  • VVP Engineering College
    • High Schools
  • AS Chowdry High School
  • Akshar Pursotam Swaminarayan High School
  • Central School
  • GT High School
  • Kadvibai Virani Kanya Vidyalaya
  • Kendriya Vidyalaya
  • Matru Mandir
  • Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi High School
  • Rajkumar College
  • Saurastra High School
  • SN Kansagara School
  • Saint Mary's High School
  • Samji Velji Virani High School
  • Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri Vidyalaya
  • Sun Shine School
  • Swaminarayan Gurukul

RKC

RKCALUMNILISTPAGE

Only Notable Alumni to be Listed : Without much effort, simply list yourself or another Notable Alumnus in the Alumni-Others category just below; periodic recategorisation will be done. A full page needs to be created in short order, preferably before listing, though this is not an absolute requirement. Only notable alumni are to be listed, rest are encouraged to list on Alumni website as ususal, and use discussion/talkpage under discussion tab of this page or Alumni E-mail circuit. All without a page and Confirmed Notability are likely to be deleted.

  • Whereas, History of College is more than a century old, and cataloging rather a slow process, establishing Notability of Alumni a rather subjective and difficult task especially with those In Memoriam, efforts should be made to represent the values both of the College and Wikipedia.
  • Using as an example, some the title name of article about Alumni, some In Memoriam have non standardized usage and to confirm to brevity, some truncation of titles have been used e.g. Kumar Shree, a large category in titles, would be K.S. Name adjustment will be done using piping function.
  • Some of the abbreviation used, especially in Public & Military service, need recognition. e.g.
    • IAS Indian Administrative Service
    • IFS Indian Foreign Service
    • IAF Indian Air Force
    • INS Indian Naval Service
  • Some of the abbreviation used commonly used in multiple categories, as the College's Heritage of Rulers who constitute a large category amongst the Alumni dating back 130 yaers.
    • TS Thakor Saheb
    • KS Kumar Shree

Alumni-Others

Notable alumni

Notable faculty

Alumni RKC Teachers

Former RKC Teachers-Notables

Alumni Educators-Schools(SystemRKC Multiplyers)

Holding our teachers at the College, in high esteem, the Alumni who later became teachers spreading the system of the college way of teaching, need special recognition to further the education of the masses.

Alumni-Public & Military Services

Alumni-Corporates

Alumni-Sports

Alumni-Literary, Cultural & Artists

Alumni-Naturalists & Environmentalists

Principals

 France  Germany  United Kingdom

http://74.6.239.67/search/cache?ei=UTF-8&p=rajkumar+college+rajkot&xa=uprzABm7eZq7LJ0KyEUzAQ--%2C1254601646&fr=yfp-t-156&SpellState=n-2419620232_q-kSXjQDvizFg4isiIUh20%2FAAAAA%40%40&u=www.utexas.edu/cola/insts/southasia/events/6190&w=rajkumar+college+rajkot&d=XhR10N29TdJA&icp=1&.intl=us&sig=Qoa7PYpwuAepBd_Qq3cDzQ--

  • RKC Taking Gandhi's message to France on 2nd October

Submitted by editor on October 1, 2009 - 12:07 http://www.webnewswire.com/node/467291

  • INTRODUCTION OF THE WRITER Dr. U. M. Farooqui

The writer, Hanif Haji Majid Salat was born on 24th January 1953 in Saurashtra ... and very strict atmosphere of a public school, Rajkumar College of Rajkot. ... www.explore-quran.com/intro_hanif salat.htm http://www.explore-quran.com/intro_hanif%20salat.htm*

Years Name
1870 – 1896 C. Macnaghten M.A. (Cantab.)
1896 – 1903 C. W. Waddington C.I.E., M.V.O., M.A. (Oxon)
1903 – 1923 C. Mayne C.I.E, M.A. (Oxon)
1923 – 1930 J. T. Turner M.A. (Cantab.)
1930 - 1933 A. C. Miller O.B.E., M.A. (Cantab.)
1933 – 1938 E. A. W. Plumtre B.A. (Cantab.)
1938 – 1945 H. Barrit O.B.E., M.A. (Cantab.)
1945 – 1948 E. Sprawson D.F.C., M.A. (Cantab.)
1948 – 1963 Mark Alexander Wynter Blyth M.A. (Cantab.)
1963 – 1991 Peter Rogerson O.B.E., M.A. (Cantab.)
1992 – 2000 Rati F. Cooper M.A. New York, L.T.C.L. London
2000 – 2000 TS Mahipatsinhji Ranjitsinhji Jadeja of Devpur M.A., B.Ed.-Alumnus
2000 – 2008 KS Ayaazkhan I. Babi, Pajod B.A., B.Ed.-Alumnus
2008 – curr V. K. Thakkar M.Sc. (Zoology), M.Sc. (Botany), B.Ed.
Central Board of Secondary Education
Location

Information
Websitewww.cbse.nic.in

http://xseed.idiscoveri.com/xseed-schools3.html Patelurology2 (talk) 00:00, 11 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]

coordinates = 22°12′N 70°42′E / 22.2°N 70.7°E

Click here Patelurology2 (talk) 03:03, 14 October 2009 (UTC)Patelurology2 (talk) 18:48, 14 October 2009 (UTC) Arrow icon [edit] Monobook skin produces an arrow icon after every external link. This can be suppressed with class="plainlinks": http://a gives http://a http://a gives http://a[reply]

Patelurology2 (talk) 19:17, 14 October 2009 (UTC) Patelurology2 (talk) 03:49, 15 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]

70.70.E

Coordinates Patelurology2 (talk) 17:55, 15 October 2009 (UTC)Patelurology2 (talk) 18:07, 15 October 2009 (UTC)[reply]

70.7°E 22°12′N 70°42′E / 22.2°N 70.7°E

Coordinates

  • Category question at help desk
“ text here use for blue large quote marks ”

Formation of Beta Amyloid

Aβ is formed after sequential cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein, a transmembrane glycoprotein of undetermined function. APP can be processed by α-, β- and γ-secretases; Aβ protein is generated by successive action of the β and γ secretases. The γ secretase, which produces the C-terminal end of the Aβ peptide, cleaves within the transmembrane region of APP and can generate a number of isoforms of 39-43 amino acid residues in length. The most common isoforms are Aβ40 and Aβ42; the shorter form is typically produced by cleavage that occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum, while the longer form is produced by cleavage in the trans-Golgi network.[1] The Aβ40 form is the more common of the two, but Aβ42 is the more fibrillogenic and is thus associated with disease states. Mutations in APP associated with early-onset Alzheimer's have been noted to increase the relative production of Aβ42, and thus one suggested avenue of Alzheimer's therapy involves modulating the activity of β and γ secretases to produce mainly Aβ40.[2]

Potential Role of Endogenous and Exogenous Ab Binding Molecules in Ab Clearance and Metabolism

  • Study indicates that intrasynaptic oAβ42, but not oAβ40, acutely inhibits transmission at the squid giant synapse. This inhibition is molecularly tied to a cascade of events involving CK2 activation and the rapid clathrin-independent endocytosis pathway. The reduction of FAT induced by oAβ42 showed in the accompanying article, in combination with our results showing a dramatic acute inhibition of synaptic transmission after intrasynaptic injection of oAβ42, represent novel findings concerning AD synaptic failure now clearly associated with a reduction of synaptic vesicle pools and transmitter release.
  • Synaptic transmission block by presynaptic injection of oligomeric amyloid beta - oAβ42, but not oAβ40 or extracellular oAβ42
  • Effective therapeutic intervention in progressive neurological disorders depends on a clear understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with the disease in question. In this manuscript we have shown that dysregulation of CK2 by oAβ is capable of inhibiting the vital neuronal process of FAT. Therefore, we propose that pharmacological regulation of CK2 activity represents a promising target for therapeutic intervention in AD, particularly when combined with treatments that help manage GSK3 activity as well.Disruption of fast axonal transport is a pathogenic mechanism for intraneuronal amyloid beta
  • Amyloid plaque is dynamic reservoir of toxicity reverting to toxic species: amyloid plaques, although apparently biologically inert, should not be considered as inert remnants of the aggregation process, as the amyloid fibrils they contain can, under certain conditions, be rapidly reverted to toxic species. In that sense, the amyloid plaques should rather be considered as reservoirs of toxicity.

ACE Inhibitors

Examples=

ACE inhibitors can be divided into three groups based on their molecular structure:

Sulfhydryl-containing agents

Dicarboxylate-containing agents

This is the largest group, including:

Phosphonate-containing agents

  • Fosinopril (Monopril) is the only member of this group

Naturally occurring

Casokinins and lactokinins are breakdown products of casein and whey that occur naturally after ingestion of milk products, especially cultured milk. Their role in blood pressure control is uncertain.[3] The tripeptides Val-Pro-Pro and Ile-Pro-Pro produced by the probiotic Lactobacillus helveticus have been shown to have ACE-inhibiting and antihypertensive functions.[4]

Blood Brain Barrier, ACE & ACE Inhibitors, Dementia

Further, functionally can be grouped according to ability to cross Blood Brain Barrier- implication currently being studied for ability to affect dementia. List:

BBB Crossing ACE

  • Lisinopril
  • Perindropril
  • Ramipril
  • Trandolapril
  • Captopril
  • Fosinopril

BBB Non Crossing ACE

  • Benzapril
  • Enalapril
  • Moexipril
  • Imidapril

Other Antihypertensives, and even all ACE Inhibitors, possibly indirectly via RAAS feedback some of the effects on dementia and related complex - Construct: deemntia and BP dynamics and possibly incorporating known circadian rythm affecting Beta amyloid.

Choosing an ACE Inhibitor

Several ACE inhibitors are on the market. Here is a list of some by generic name followed by brand name(s).

  • benazepril (Lotensin)
  • captopril (Capoten)
  • enalapril (Lexxel, Vaseretic, Vasotec)
  • fosinopril (Monopril)
  • lisinopril (Prinivil, Prinzide, Zestoretic, Zestril)
  • moexipril (Univasc)
  • quinapril (Accupril)
  • ramipril (Altace)
  • trandolapril (Mavik, Tarka)
    • BBB crossing ACE inhibitors/Centrally active ACE inhibitors include
  • captopril (Capoten, Bristol-Myers Squibb)
  • fosinopril (Monopril, Bristol-Myers Squibb)
  • ramipril (Altace, King Pharmaceuticals)
  • trandolapril (Mavik, Abbott Laboratories, Tarka)
  • lisinopril (Prinivil, Prinzide, Zestoretic, Zestril)
  • Perindropril
    • BBB Non Crossing/ Non–centrally active ACE inhibitors include
  • benazepril (Lotensin, Novartis Pharmaceuticals)
  • enalapril (Vasotec, Merck ,Lexxel )
  • moexipril (Univasc, Schwarz Pharma)
  • quinapril (Accupril, Pfizer)
  • Imidapril

Benefical Role of Centrally Acting ACE Inhibitors in Congestive Heart Failure

Dynamics & Flux Between Amyloid β fragments Beta amyloid & Blood Pressure & Autonomous System- Dementia as a Case Study

  • Brain has ACE enzyme which takes part in local RAAS and converts Aβ42 ( plaquogenic ) to Aβ40( more soluble and removal ) forms of Beta amyloid ; latter is prdominentally a function of N domain portion on the ACE enzyme; Inhibition of ACE with ACE Inhibitors, especially Blood Brain Barrier crossing and with preferentially select N terminal activity would cause accumulation of Aβ42 which is plaquogenic causing progression of dementia; preferentil C domain active BBB crossing ACE would linkely have less of this latter effect.

Calcium Channel Blockers and Dementia

Central ACE & ACE Inhibitors

  • Mass spectral fragmentation reactions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
  • Mass spectral fragmentation reactions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: n interesting dissociation process (rearrangement) unique to one of the compounds, lisinopril, has been investigated using isotopic labeling experiments and exact mass measurements. The general nature of the process has been probed through both the positive and negative ion analyses of fourteen related compounds exhibiting structural homolog

Wondering : ACE ARBS BP Statins : Interactions and complexities

BBB Crossing Statins and effecton brain, RAAS ACE ARBS Dementia

BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DRUG TARGETING: THE FUTURE OF BRAIN DRUG DEVELOPMENT

BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DRUG TARGETING: THE FUTURE OF BRAIN DRUG DEVELOPMENT

BBB Crossing & non Crossing ARB(s) and effect on brain, RAAS & Dementia

BBB Crossing ACE Inhibitors, though Amyloid-Plaquogenic, reported Preventing Progress of Dementia: Conundum Redux

  • Omapatrilat could have some advantages over lisinopril in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure.
  • Omapatrilat could have some advantages over lisinopril in the treatment of patients with congestive heart failure.
  • Most of the ACE inhibitors on the market today are non-selective towards the two active sites of ACE because their binding to the enzyme is based mostly on the strong interaction between the zinc atom in the enzyme and the strong chelating group on the inhibitor. The resolution of the 3D structure of germinal ACE, which has only one active site that corresponds with C-domain of the somatic ACE, offers a structural framework for structure-based design approach. Although N- and C-domain have comparable rates in vitro of ACE hydrolyzing, it seems like that in vivo the C-domain is mainly responsible for regulating blood pressure. This indicates that C-domain selective inhibitors could have similar profile to that of a current non-selective inhibitors. Angiotensin I is mainly hydrolyzed by the C-domain in vivo but bradykinin is hydrolyzed by both active sites. Thus, by developing a C-domain selective inhibitor would permit some degradation of bradykinin by the N-domain and this degradation could be enough to prevent accumulation of excess bradykinin which has been observed during attacks of angioedema. C-domain selective inhibition could possibly result in specialized control of blood pressure with less vasodilator-related adverse effects. N-domain selective inhibitors on the other hand give the possibility of opening up novel therapeutic areas. Apparently, the N-domain doesn’t have a big role in controlling blood pressure but it seems to be the principal metabolizing enzyme for AcSDKP, a natural haemoregulatory hormone.[5][6][7]
  • In Vitro and In Vivo Inhibition of the 2 Active Sites of ACE by Omapatrilat, a Vasopeptidase Inhibitor
  • The vasopeptidase inhibitor omapatrilat inhibits both neutral endopeptidase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). The in vitro and in vivo inhibitory potency of omapatrilat and the specific ACE inhibitor fosinopril toward the 2 active sites of ACE (called N- and C-domains) was investigated with the use of 3 substrates: angiotensin I, which is equally cleaved by the 2 ACE domains; hippuryl-histidyl-leucine, specific synthetic substrate of the C-domain in high- salt conditions; and a newly synthesized specific substrate of the N-domain designed by acetylating the lysine residue of AcSDKP. In vitro, omapatrilat was 5 times more potent than fosinoprilat in inhibiting angiotensin I hydrolysis. Omapatrilat inhibited similarly both N- and C-domain hydrolysis, whereas fosinoprilat was slightly more specific for the N-domain. The in vivo selective inhibitory potency of single oral doses of 10 mg omapatrilat and 20 mg fosinopril were investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study in 9 mildly sodium-depleted normotensive subjects. In accordance with the in vitro results, fosinopril appeared to be more specific for the N-domain than the C-domain in vivo, since plasma and urine AcSDKP concentrations were significantly higher than those observed with omapatrilat. This study shows that it is possible to assess separately in vitro and in vivo the selectivity of ACE or ACE/neutral endopeptidase inhibitors. A differential selectivity may explain some peculiar properties observed with some ACE inhibitors.
    • Potency For C domain L > E > C Lisinopril, Enalprilat, Captopril
    • Potency For N domain C > E > L
      • Aß42-40 converting inhibition is solely in N domain where Captopril is the strongest N: C>E>L
      • ACE Inhibiting activity is solely in C domain where.........Lisionopril is the strongest C: L>E>C

Aβ42-to-Aβ40-converting activity is solely found in the N-domain of ACE and the angiotensin-converting activity is found predominantly in the C-domain of ACE. The N-linked glycosylation is essential for both Aβ42-to-Aβ40- and angiotensin-converting activities and that unglycosylated ACE rapidly degraded. The domain-specific converting activity of ACE suggests that ACE inhibitors could be designed to specifically target the angiotensin-converting C-domain, without inhibiting the Aβ42-to-Aβ40-converting activity of ACE or increasing neurotoxic Aβ42.

Centrally Active ACE Inhibitors May Help Prevent Dementia -coming soon -! can? non central ACE & possibly other Non ACE antihypertensives, be more preventive? Why recent study finds otherwise? FACTORS IN CONSTRUCT. ACE Degrades/converts Amyloid Aβ42 ( fibrillogenic, plaque forming ! ) to favorable Aβ40 more soluble possibly 'removable' amyloid & Central acting (BBB crossing) ACE Inhibitors thus likely to increase dementia; anti-inflammatory effects of ACE Inhibitors likely to decrease dementia, Acute effect of ACE on Ach likely to increase short term acuity confusing the picture for evaluation

The following Construct development in progress and involve all these and more points in hypothesis development.

  • Centrally acting ACE Inhibitors have acute Ach effects helping in mental acuity short term during which measurement may be biased and the long term effect of amyloid Aβ42 accumulation may be masked in testing; favorable anti-inflammatory effect not withstanding, long term more Aβ42 is deposited or not converted to more soluble, disposable or removable Aβ40. Vascular Aβ42 vs Aβ40 to be considered and could be important along with the favorable anti-inflammatory effect.
  • Acute, Chronic and Chronic with short term non use ( washed off ) use of ACE considering short term acuity enhancing effects of Ach.
  • Difference between Aβ42 ? more in nerves and ? Aβ40 more in vessel
  • Aβ42 vs Aβ40
  • Pleomorphism and genetics of ACE
  • RAAS -Systemic vs Local and interactions and cross influence
  • ACE Inhibitors: BBB crossing vs Non crossing
  • Non-BBB crossing ACE negative effect studies ie if increased dementia, then..
  • Other enzyme systems besides ACE

ALL above to be considered in both below: along with congruency of the two studies with each other and restrospective congruency with prior knowledge base of studies and general understanding of the science.

    • Currently reported study in Archives of Intl Med July 09-BBB crossing ACE reduce Dementia needs explanation.... Standby
    • Current AII AT1 Inhibitors -Sartan--retrospective VA study expl and corroboration standby......

Alzheimer's-beta amyloid, tau protein,-- Drug Rember, Methylene Blue

Alzheimer's researchers are divided on whether the disease is caused by 'beta amyloid' (a peptide found in Alzheimer brains) or by 'tau protein' (normally used for cellular scaffolding, but can aggregate out of control and destroy neurons). Today in Chicago a new drug has been announced that stops tau aggregation and appears to have halted Alzheimer's-related decline in 300 clinical trial patients. The drug is known as 'rember.

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers lower progression of Alzheimer's Disease- ! explanation coming and Construct intergration in progress

SHORT Explanation for this: mech related to above ACE AND ACE Inhibitors and BP dynamcs. Standby for full expl......

http://www.physorg.com/print136426165.html Angiotensin receptor blockers are lower incidence, progression of Alzheimer's disease July 28th, 2008 in Medicine & Health / Diseases Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine (BUSM) have, for the first time, found that angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)—a particular class of anti-hypertensive medicines—are associated with a striking decrease in the occurrence and progression of dementia. Data from this study will be presented this weekend (July 27) at the 2008 International Conference on Alzheimer's disease in Chicago. Using data from the Decision Support System Database of the U.S. Department of Health System Veterans Affairs (with information on more than 5 million people), researchers looked at records from patients using ARBs, and compared them with subjects who had a similar health status, but were taking different medications. They found patients taking ARBs had about a 35-40 percent lower chance of getting Alzheimer's disease or dementia. The researchers also examined patients who were already suffering from Alzheimer's disease or dementia, and found those subjects had up to a 45 percent lower chance of developing delirium, being admitted to nursing homes or dying. Patients who appeared to benefit particularly well from use of ARBs were those who had experienced strokes before or during the course of their illness. According to the researchers these results suggest that ARBs might protect against developing Alzheimer's disease and dementia. "For those who already have dementia, use of ARBs might delay deterioration of brain function and help keep patients out of nursing homes," said lead presenter Benjamin Wolozin, MD, PhD, a professor of pharmacology at BUSM. "The study is particularly interesting because we compared the effects of ARBs to other medications used for treating blood pressure or cardiovascular disease. This suggests that ARBs are more effective than other blood pressure and cardiovascular medications for preventing Alzheimer's disease or dementia," he added. Although the researchers are unsure why ARBs might be so beneficial, they believe one possibility suggested by prior studies on animal models is that ARBs help prevent nerve cell injury from blood vessel damage or help promote nerve cell recovery after blood vessel damage. Damage to blood vessels is thought to reduce brain capacity and promote dementia, so reducing this damage might prevent the occurrence or progression of dementia. Source: Boston University

ACE-I vs angiotensin II receptor antagonists vs Vasopeptidase inhibitor (VPI)

Project news

A number of India-related articles have lost their featured article status, including Sikkim and Mumbai. The article about Gandhi was also demoted for referencing and image quality issues. Since then, Mumbai has been brought back to good article status, thanks to the efforts of Kensplanet and others.

Transport in India was promoted to good article status, thanks to the efforts of Rsrikanth05, SBC-YPR and GDibyendu.

Several new workgroups have been formed: WikiProjects Railways in India, Education in India and Transport in India. Please join us if you're interested in those topics!

To do...

The articles that have been selected for our latest collaborations of the month are history of Mumbai, Indian Railways, rail transport in India, Indian general election, 2009 and telecommunications in India. We need your help to improve them!

These India-related articles are currently on featured article review: Kerala (FAR), Brihanmumbai Electric Supply and Transport (FAR) and rail transport in India (FAR). Would you allow these articles to lose their FA status?

Wikipedia Takes Chennai – a scavenger hunt and free-content photography contest – has started in Chennai, along the same lines as Wikipedia Takes The City.

We look forward to more contributions from you. To get started, go to the noticeboard. »

From the editors...

Wikipedians in Bangalore organised a meetup on 5 July 2009; thanks to Tinu Cherian for hosting the event! Arunram and Tinu Cherian wrote extensively about the meetup, which was also covered by Wikizine, Headlines India and The Wikipedia Signpost. Photos have been uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. Sunil Abraham from the Centre for Internet and Society has offered to help host such events in the future. All in all, the meetup was a great success. Watch out for the next meetup! »

Nichalp, an Indian bureaucrat and major contributor to more than 23 India-related featured articles and lists, was desysopped over allegations of paid editing and using sock puppets. An RfC about paid editing was opened as a result of this incident.

A prolific editor and administrator, Bhadani is among the top ten Wikipedians by number of edits across the English Wikipedia. Congratulations to Bhadani for also making the most number of edits among Indian Wikipedians!

Are you subscribed to wikimediaindia-l to learn about the latest developments of forming the Indian chapter of Wikimedia? Did you know that there are IRC channels for Wikipedians interested in India like you? Check them out at #wikipedia-in connect and #wikimedia-in connect!

Wikipedia's India quiz remains a hotspot of the community by continuing to attract old and new Wikipedians. You are invited to join in and have fun!

This is your newsletter, and you can be involved in the creation of the next issue. Any and all contributions are welcome – so feel free to join in! Simply let yourself be known to any of the undersigned, or just start editing!

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To stop receiving this newsletter, or to receive it in a different format, please list yourself in the appropriate section here. Delivered automatically by -- Tinu Cherian BOT - 15:19, 18 July 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Bantva Manavadar Disambiguation and Improvement Project

Bantva, Manavadar, Bantva Manavadar , Sardargarh Bantva

Unicode In typesetting technical literature β.Unicode number for β is U+03B2, and with β or β the β is coded in HTML.

In typesetting technical literature, it is a commonly made mistake to use the German letter ß as a replacement for the β. The two letters resemble each other superficially, but they are unrelated. This substitution looks extremely unprofessional to the eyes of German or Greek readers. The Unicode number for β is U+03B2, and with β or β the β is coded in HTML. The internal version, ϐ, is encoded as U+03D0 in Unicode or ϐ in HTML. S

This article is missing information about places which produce more honey than Mexico or Corsica. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the talk page. (November 2009)

Patelurology2's help


Hello. I noticed you recently created , the page WikiProject Aviation/Contest/Submissions/Pateurology2, in the article space by mistake. This may have been a typographical error, but in case it was not, let me summarise what you did incorrectly. In Wikipedia, every page is in a namespace. The namespace is by default "Article", otherwise known as "Main". You created your page in the articlespace, because you neglected or misspelled the namespace prefix "Wikipedia:" before the name of your page. Even as minute a detail as this can cause problems. In the future, please be careful of this. Don't worry about the page - I have moved it into the correct namespace, and marked the resultant redirect for deletion. If you have questions, please feel free to ask them on my talkpage, or go to the help desk. Thank you. Intelligentsium 02:19, 5 November 2009 (UTC)[reply]

A moved the page to Wikipedia:WikiProject Aviation/Contest/Submissions/Patelurology2, fixing the spelling mistake in your username. I've also added you to the points board at Wikipedia:WikiProject Aviation/Contest/History/2009, and to the Wikipedia:WikiProject Aviation/Contest/Users template. - Trevor MacInnis contribs 19:50, 5 November 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Thank you for you help with aircraft articles but can I ask you not to create re-directs from aircraft type articles to the aircraft company as you have done with Short Biplane No. 1 and others. The red link helps us to know which articles have not been created and creating the redirect as you have can be misleading. If you have any questions then please ask at WP:AIRCRAFT, Thanks. MilborneOne (talk) 15:50, 8 November 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Hpwdy; I stumbled across a 'working page' of yours that seemed to have founf its way into the main encyclopaedia. I have moved it to User:Patelurology2/Article Preparation page for Alumni of Rajkumar College, Rajkot for you. - TB (talk) 19:51, 12 December 2009 (UTC)[reply]

A tag has been placed on ( List of ) Alumni, Principals and Teachers of The Rajkumar College,Rajkot- RKCians, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section G11 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because the page seems to be unambiguous advertising which only promotes a company, product, group, service or person and would need to be fundamentally rewritten in order to become an encyclopedia article. Please read the guidelines on spam as well as Wikipedia:FAQ/Business for more information. You may also wish to consider using a Wizard to help you create articles - see the Article Wizard.

If you think that this notice was placed here in error, you may contest the deletion by adding {{hangon}} to the top of the page that has been nominated for deletion (just below the existing speedy deletion or "db" tag), coupled with adding a note on the talk page explaining your position, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the page meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself, but don't hesitate to add information to the page that would render it more in conformance with Wikipedia's policies and guidelines. Lastly, please note that if the page does get deleted, you can contact one of these admins to request that they userfy the page or have a copy emailed to you. Template:Do not delete ▒ Wirεłεşş ▒ Fidεłitұ ▒ Ćłâşş ▒ Θnε ▒ ―Œ ♣Łεâvε Ξ мεşşâgε♣ 19:47, 25 December 2009 (UTC)[reply]

I have nominated ( List of ) Alumni, Principals and Teachers of The Rajkumar College,Rajkot- RKCians, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/( List of ) Alumni, Principals and Teachers of The Rajkumar College,Rajkot- RKCians. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.

Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message. tedder (talk) 19:51, 29 December 2009 (UTC)[reply]

I have reverted the edit that converted this page to a redirect. I suspect that it was done as a sort poor-man's deletion after I removed the speedy deletion tag. I don't see that such a redirect makes sense. Either the page should be brought up at WP:AFD and community consensus sought for the deletion, or it should be retained.

Many list-of-people articles limit themselves to "notable" people, in this case it would be "notable alumni". This is generally taken to mean people that have an article on Wikipedia, or who ought to or might have an article. You might want to consider recasting the list in this way.

The notability and significance of this list is at best marginal by Wikipedia standards IMO. You may well see the list nominated for deletion at WP:AFD, if it is, the outcome could go either way.

I will add a link from the school article to the list.

Please not that admins have no greater authority as editors than any other editor, but it is always best to discuss rather than fight. The list talk page would be a good place to discuss such issues. DES (talk) 19:59, 29 December 2009 (UTC)[reply]

Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/( List of ) Alumni, Principals and Teachers of The Rajkumar College,Rajkot- RKCians

  • Admin Comment Note many of the "notable alumni" are simply bluelinks because they are piped to a city or name. For instance, Tedder of Portland. tedder (talk) 21:37, 29 December 2009 (UTC)
    • My Comment: Hoping this comment is appropriate and allowed Place name used for temporary link for the place which each of those are/were rulers/Kings of the place pending creation of specific page.
  • ....while numerous people in it are apparently notable enough to be included on Wikipedia, this is a rather trivial article and it would be more logical to create a Rajkumar College Alumni category instead, into which the relevant people can be added. KaySL (talk) 20:01, 29 December 2009 (UTC)
    • My comment: Agree with title Rajkumar College Alumni ( category ).
  • Merge any missing notable alumni and list of principals back to Rajkumar College, Rajkot. The red linked people should not be merged. TerriersFan (talk) 22:21, 31 December 2009 (UTC)
    • My comment: Agree, red linked notables not be merged. This page was created to avoid the clutter on the main page of The Rajkumar College, Rajkot; page created after at least four pages were started under my Usepage feature. On starting of deletion proceedings other pages were started at same location; community effort will be largely by the Alumni; discussion mode on talk page will need to be used and the alumni will be informed about other instructional matters through talk page as well as Alumni E-mailgroup circuit.
  • ...if the college is notable enough for an article here -- and I think it is -- then a list of notable and somewhat notable alumni is a reasonable extension of that article. The page could be improved but I see no need to delete it. DES (talk) 20:30, 29 December 2009 (UTC)
    • My comment: Improvements are being attempted to this page around general aspects of Alumni; intent for creation of this page was to separate the list from page save the most notable category which righly has been left by the first Admin on main page, so that clutter can be avoided and also link to page preparation page under my userspace can be established; I infer that the latter cannot be linked as per guidelines?;it was de-linked by the first Admin. Anyway, Alumni capable of completion of these page will now have a started page ready to input; my first attempt months ago to start first page was met with Auto-deletion, then the Userspace feature came to attention; upto that time all the material gathered was somewhere else; casting a page gives avenue to completion someday; not all likely to be completed soon; inertia ruleth supreme and current limited manpower in background further help from all the Alumni will be needed considering Alumni In Memoriam; institution is 130 years old.
  • See also talk pages of college and the list page for recent postings regarding above.

KaySL (talk) 19:22, 5 January 2010 (UTC)[reply]

ACEI equivalents

The ACE inhibitors have different strengths with different starting dosages. Dosage should be adjusted according to the clinical response. [8] [9] [10]

ACE inhibitors dosages for hypertension
Dosage
Note: bid = 2 times a day, tid = 3 times a day, d = daily
Drug dosages from Drug Lookup, Epocrates Online.
Name Equivalent daily dose Start Usual Maximum
Benazepril 10 mg 10 mg 20–40 mg 80 mg
Captopril 50 mg (25 mg bid) 12.5–25 mg bid-tid 25–50 mg bid-tid 450 mg/d
Enalapril 5 mg 5 mg 10–40 mg 40 mg
Fosinopril 10 mg 10 mg 20–40 mg 80 mg
Lisinopril 10 mg 10 mg 10–40 mg 80 mg
Moexipril 7.5 mg 7.5 mg 7.5–30 mg 30 mg
Perindopril 4 mg 4 mg 4–8 mg 16 mg
Quinapril 10 mg 10 mg 20–80 mg 80 mg
Ramipril 2.5 mg 2.5 mg 2.5–20 mg 20 mg
Trandolapril 2 mg 1 mg 2–4 mg 8 mg
Name Equivalent daily dose Start Usual Maximum
Note: bid = 2 times a day, tid = 3 times a day, d = daily
Drug dosages from Drug Lookup, Epocrates Online.
ACE inhibitors dosages for hypertension

User:Patelurology2/Kolki disambiguation

User:Patelurology2/Kolki disambiguation

--RrburkeekrubrR 19:22, 30 January 2010 (UTC)[reply]

  1. ^ Hartmann T, Bieger SC, Brühl B; et al. (1997). "Distinct sites of intracellular production for Alzheimer's disease Aβ40/42 amyloid peptides". Nat. Med. 3 (9): 1016–20. doi:10.1038/nm0997-1016. PMID 9288729. CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Yin YI, Bassit B, Zhu L, Yang X, Wang C, Li YM (2007). "γ-Secretase Substrate Concentration Modulates the Aβ42/Aβ40 Ratio: Implications for Alzheimer's disease". J. Biol. Chem. 282 (32): 23639–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M704601200. PMID 17556361.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  3. ^ FitzGerald RJ, Murray BA, Walsh DJ. Hypotensive peptides from milk proteins. J Nutr 2004;134:980S-8S. PMID 15051858.
  4. ^ Aihara K, Kajimoto O, Hirata H, Takahashi R, Nakamura Y. Effect of powdered fermented milk with Lactobacillus helveticus on subjects with high-normal blood pressure or mild hypertension. J Am Coll Nutr. 2005 Aug;24(4):257-65 PMID 16093403.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference Acharya_2003 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Dive, V.; et al. (2004), "Review: Phosphinic peptides as zinc metalloproteinase inhibitors.", Cellular and Molecular Life Science, 61: 2010–2019
  7. ^ Gerogiadis, D.; Guniasse, P.; Cotton, J.; Yiotakis, A.; Dive, V. (2004), "Structural Determinants of RXPA380, a Potent and Highly Selective Inhibitor of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme C-domain.", Biochemistry, 43: 8048–8054, doi:10.1021/bi049504q
  8. ^ What are the dose comparisons of all ACE inhibitors used in hypertension? TripAnswers TRIP Database, May 25, 2007. Accessed 2009-11-21
  9. ^ Common Medication Conversions (Equivalents): Ace Inhibitors. GlobalRPh.com. Accessed 2009-11-22.
  10. ^ Treating High Blood Pressure and Heart Disease: the ACE Inhibitors. Consumer Reports Health Best Buy Drugs. June 2009.