Acupuncture: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia
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Line 15: <!-- Efficacy --> Acupuncture has been the subject of active scientific research both in regard to its basis and therapeutic effectiveness since the late 20th century.<ref name="pmid17265547"/> Any evidence on the effectiveness of acupuncture is variable and inconsistent for all conditions.<ref name=Colquhoun2013/> An overview of high-quality [[Cochrane Collaboration|Cochrane review]]s suggested that acupuncture may alleviate some but not all kinds of pain<ref name=Lee2011/> while a systematic review of [[systematic review]]s found little evidence that acupuncture is an effective treatment for reducing pain.<ref name="Ernst 2011"/> Although minimally invasive, the puncturing of the [[Epidermis (skin)|skin]] with acupuncture needles poses problems when designing trials that adequately [[Scientific control|control]] for [[Placebo|placebo effects]].<ref name="pmid17265547"/><ref name="pmid16783282 <!-- Safety and Cost-effective --> Line 74: A 2012 [[meta-analysis]] conducted by the Acupuncture Trialists' Collaboration found "relatively modest" efficiency of acupuncture (in comparison to sham) for the treatment of four different types of [[chronic pain]], and on that basis concluded it "is more than a placebo" and a reasonable referral option.<ref name=Vickers2012>{{cite journal |title=Acupuncture for chronic pain: individual patient data meta-analysis |journal=JAMA Internal Medicine |volume= 12|issue= Suppl 1 |pages= 1444–53 |year= 2012 |pmid= 22965186 |pmc= 3373337 |doi= 10.1001/archinternmed.2012.3654 |last1=Vickers |first1=AJ |last2=Cronin |first2=AM |last3=Maschino |first3=AC|last4= Lewith |first4= G |last5= MacPherson |first5= H |last6= Foster |first6= N |last7= Sherman |first7= N |last8= Witt |first8= K |last9= Linde |first9= C|others=for the Acupuncture Trialists' Collaboration}}</ref> Commenting on this meta-analysis, both [[Edzard Ernst]] and [[David Colquhoun]] said the results were of negligible clinical significance.<ref name=Jha>{{cite news| first = Alok | last = Jha | title = Acupuncture useful, but overall of little benefit, study shows | url = http://www.theguardian.com/science/2012/sep/10/acupuncture-useful-little-benefit-study| newspaper = ''[[The Guardian]]'' | date = 10 September 2012}}</ref><ref name=Colquhoun>{{cite web| first = David | last = Colquhoun| title = Re: Risks of acupuncture range from stray needles to pneumothorax, finds study | url = http://www.bmj.com/content/345/bmj.e6060/rr/603200| publisher= [[BMJ]] | date = 17 September 2012}}</ref> A 2011 overview of high-quality [[Cochrane Collaboration|Cochrane review]]s suggested that acupuncture is effective for some but not all kinds of pain.<ref name=Lee2011>{{cite journal |last1= Lee |first1= MS |last2= Ernst |first2= E |title= Acupuncture for pain: An overview of Cochrane reviews |journal= Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine |volume= 17 |issue= 3 |year= 2011 |pages= 187–9 |doi= 10.1007/s11655-011-0665-7 |pmid= 21359919}}</ref> A 2011 systematic review of [[systematic review]]s found that numerous reviews have shown little convincing evidence that acupuncture is an effective treatment for reducing pain.<ref name="Ernst 2011"/> The same review ==== Peripheral osteoarthritis ==== Line 86: ==== Low back ==== A 2011 overview of Cochrane reviews found inconclusive evidence regarding acupuncture efficacy in treating [[low back pain]].<ref name=Lee2011/> A 2011 systematic review of systematic reviews found "for chronic low back pain, individualized acupuncture is not better in reducing symptoms than formula acupuncture or sham acupuncture with a toothpick that does not penetrate the skin."<ref name="Ernst 2011"/> A 2010 review found that sham acupuncture was as effective as real acupuncture for chronic low back pain.<ref name=Berman2010/> The specific therapeutic effects of acupuncture were small, whereas its clinically relevant benefits were mostly due to contextual and psychosocial circumstances.<ref name=Berman2010/> Brain imaging studies have shown that traditional acupuncture and sham acupuncture differ in their effect on limbic structures, while at the same time showed equivalent analgesic effects.<ref name=Berman2010/> A 2005 Cochrane review found there is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against either acupuncture or [[dry needling]] for acute low back pain.<ref name="Cochrane back 2005"/> The same review found there is low quality evidence for pain relief and improvement compared to no treatment or sham therapy for chronic low back pain only in the short term immediately after treatment ==== Fibromyalgia ==== | |||