African emigrants to Italy: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox ethnic group

|image = Black Italian Gondolier.jpg

|caption = Depiction of a Black man in Venice (Venice, 1496)

|group = Afro Italians

|population = 1,096,089<ref name=ISTAT>{{Cite web|author=Dati ISTAT 2016|title=Cittadini stranieri in Italia - 2016|url=https://www.tuttitalia.it/statistiche/cittadini-stranieri-2018/|website=tuttitalia.it}}</ref>

|popplace = [[Rome]], [[Milan]], [[Turin]], [[Palermo]], [[Bologna]], [[Brescia]], [[Bergamo]], [[Florence]] |languages = [[Italian language|Italian]], [[Afro-Asiatic languages]], [[Niger–Congo languages]], [[Nilo-Saharan languages]]

|religions = Predominantly [[Roman Catholicism]], also [[Eastern Orthodox ~~Christianity~~Church|Orthodox]], [[Christianity in Italy|Other Christians]]{{·}}[[Sunni Islam]]}}

'''African emigrants to Italy''' include [[Italy|Italian citizens]] and residents originally from [[Africa]]. Immigrants from Africa officially residing in Italy in 2015 numbered about 1,000,000 residents.<ref name=ISTAT /> '''Afro-Italians''' (''Afroitaliani'') are [[Italians]] born and are raised in Italy, citizen of African descent or of mixed African and Italian roots.

In 2014 over 170,000 migrants arrived which represented the biggest influx of people into one country in [[European Union]] ~~History~~history.<ref name=":1">{{~~Cite~~cite ~~web~~news|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/programmes/talktojazeera/inthefield/2015/06/african-migrants-drives-europe-150604124356795.html|title=African migrants: What really drives them to Europe?|date=6 June 2015|website=~~www.aljazeera.com~~Al Jazeera}}</ref> A large percentage of them arrive via Africa.

African migrants specifically use Libyan coasts to travel across the [[Mediterranean Sea]] in large numbers, hoping to land on Italian shores.<ref name=":1" /> Although departing from [[Libya]], most are from [[Ghana]], [[Senegal]], [[Nigeria]] and [[Eritrea]].<ref name=":1" /> The route is dangerous and often unsuccessful; in 2015, 2,000 people died crossing the Mediterranean and the [[Libyan Coast Guard | Libyan coast guard]] intercepted many of the boats transporting the migrants from [[Africa]] to [[Italy]].<ref name=":1" /> As this route has gained more and more attention throughout the years, smugglers have started to use alternate routes such as [[Egypt]], the Balkan route from [[Greece]], and a very risky route from mountain passes in Albania.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-36080216|title=Mass migration threatens national crisis in Italy|first=Katya|last=Adler|work=BBC News|date=April 19, 2016|via=www.bbc.com}}</ref>

In 2016, Italy's finance minister pushed for financial compensation from the European Union for his country's financial losses because of mass migration.<ref name=":2" /> As of 2016, the European Union had put forth 1.8 billion euros for the entirety of Africa's refugee efforts in Europe.<ref>{{cite web |title=European Union/African Cooperation: the externalisation of Europe's migration policies |url=https://www.robert-schuman.eu/en/european-issues/0472-european-union-african-cooperation-the-externalisation-of-europe-s-migration-policies |website=www.robert-schuman.eu}}</ref>

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==Countries of origin==

=== North Africa===

The largest group of immigrants from Africa are Arabs/Berbers from [[North Africa]], numbering 641,085 official residents in 2016.<ref name=ISTAT/> By country of origin, most of these recent arrivals are from [[Morocco]] (437,485), [[~~Tunisia~~Egypt]] (95109,~~645~~871), [[~~Egypt~~Tunisia]] (~~109~~95,~~871~~645) and [[Algeria]] (71,765). Italy also has a number of immigrants from [[Libya]] (1,819), territories where Italian expatriates had a presence during the [[Italian Empire|colonial period]].

===Sub-Saharan Africans===

[[File:African men sitting on the Piazza duca d'Aosta, Milan, in evening.jpg|thumb|right| [[Ghanaian ~~Christian~~]] immigrants in [[Milan]]|alt=A group of black African men sitting or squatting on a low bench next to a glass wall in a large city square. In the rear can be seen a street with a tall rectilinear skyscraper]]

Compared to Maghrebis/Berbers from North Africa, the percentage of Sub-Saharan Africans ~~(most of them Christians)~~ as a proportion of immigrants to Italy from Africa is 35.7% (370,068 official residents in 2015).<ref name=ISTAT/> Most come from [[Nigeria]] (98,176), [[Senegal]] (77,264) and [[Ghana]] (48,637). There are also smaller numbers from [[Eritrea]] (9,579), from [[Ethiopia]] (8,000) and from [[Somalia]] (7,903).

==Notable immigrants to Italy==

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===Sports===

{{columns-list|colwidth=23em|

*[[Audrey Alloh]] - Athlete born in [[Côte d'Ivoire]]

*[[Zahra Bani]] - Javelin thrower born in [[Somalia]]

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*[[Matteo Ferrari]] - Footballer born in [[Algeria]]

*[[Marcello Fiasconaro]] - Athlete born in South Africa

*[[Mario Balotelli]] - Footballer born in [[Palermo]] to Ghanaian immigrants

*[[Claudio Gentile]] - Footballer born in [[Libya]]

*[[Edwige Gwend]] - Judoka born in Cameroon

*~~[[:it:~~{{ill|Leone Jacovacci|~~Leone Jacovacci]]~~it}} (~~1902-1983~~1902–1983) - Italian boxer born in [[Sanza Pombo]], then in the [[Kingdom of Kongo]]. Also known as: ''John Douglas Walker'' (while serving in the [[Bedfordshire Regiment]]), and ''Jack Walker''.<ref name="Fikes">{{cite news |last1=Fikes |first1=Robert |title=Leone Jacovacci (1902–1983) |url=https://www.blackpast.org/global-african-history/jacovacci-leone-1902-1983/ |access-date=22 June 2021 |work=Black Past |date=2015-11-29}}</ref>

*[[Sumbu Kalambay]] - Boxer born in [[Zaire]]

*[[Stephan El Shaarawy]] - Footballer born in [[Savona]] to Egyptian Father and Swiss-Italian mother

*[[Christian Manfredini]] - Footballer born in Côte d'Ivoire

*[[Adam Masina]] - Footballer of Moroccan birth

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*[[Gert Peens]] - Rugby player born in South Africa

*[[Nicola Pietrangeli]] - Tennis player born in [[Tunisia]]

*[[Jacques Riparelli]] - Athlete born in Cameroon}}

}}

===Politicians===

{{columns-list|colwidth=23em|

*[[Magdi Allam]] - Former member of the [[European Parliament]] (born in Egypt)

*[[Toni Iwobi]] - Former member of the [[Senate of the Republic (Italy)|Italian Senate]] (born in Nigeria)

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*[[Jean-Léonard Touadi]] - Former member of the [[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]] (born in the [[Republic of the Congo]])

*[[Aboubakar Soumahoro]] - Member of the [[Chamber of Deputies (Italy)|Chamber of Deputies]] (born in Ivory Coast)

*[[Dacia Valent]] - Former member of the European Parliament (born in Somalia)}}

===Music===

*[[Saba Anglana]] - singer and actress born in [[Somalia]]

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*[[:it:Laïoung|Laïoung]], rapper and music producer, (born 1992, in [[Brussels]] to) Italian father and British mother of [[Sierra Leone]]an origin

*[[Bruno Lauzi]] - singer born in [[Eritrea]]

*~~[[:it:~~{{ill|Ma Rue]]|it}} or ''Maruego'' - rapper, (born 1992 in [[Morocco]]), grew up in Milan, naturalized Italian

▲

===Communications and other media===

*[[Khaby Lame]] - prominent [[TikTok]]erker of [[Senegal]]ese background

===Acting, television and filmmaking===

*[[Elisa Kadigia Bove]] - actress of [[Italian Somalis|Italian-Somali]] descent

*[[Remo Girone]] - actor born in [[Eritrea]]

*[[Sandra Milo]] - actress born in [[Tunisia]]

*[[Claudia Cardinale]] - actress born in Tunisia

*[[Zeudi Araya]] - [[Eritrea]]n-Italian actress

*[[Edwige Fenech]] - actress born in [[Algeria]] of [[Maltese people|Maltese]] father and Italian mother

*[[Youma Diakite]] - model born in [[Mali]]

===Community activists===

*[[Josephine Bakhita]] (c. 1869–1947), Catholic [[religious sister]], born in [[Sudan]]; declared a saint by the Catholic Church in 2000

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*[[Black people in Ancient Roman history]]

*[[African admixture in Europe]]

*[[Somali people in Italy]]

*[[Ethiopians in Italy]]

*[[Eritreans in Italy]]

== References ==