Alpha Kappa Rho: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Short description|Philippine fraternity}}

{{Self-published|date=October 2018}}

{{Infobox fraternity

|name = Alpha Kappa Rho

|letters = {{lang|grc|ΑΚΡ}}/{{lang|grc|ακρ}}

|letters = {{lang|grc|ακρ}}

|name = Alpha Kappa Rho

|crest = File:Alpha_Kappa_Rho_logo.png

|image_size = 200

|founded = {{start date and age|1973|08|08}}

|founded = {{start date and age|1973|08|08}}

|birthplace = [[University of Santo Tomas]]

| affiliation = Independent

|type = Humanitarian Service

|status = Active

|scope = International

|type = Service

|motto = ''Vincit Omnia Veritas''

|scope = International

|colors = {{color box|Red}} Red {{color box|Yellow}} Yellow {{color box|White}} White

|motto = ''{{lang|la|Vincit Omnia Veritas}}'' - Truth Conquers All

|chapters =

|colors = {{color box|Red}} Red {{color box|Yellow}} Yellow {{color box|White}} White

|country =

|nicknames = Skeptrons, AKRHO

|website = <!-- Deadlink (see template at External Links) |homepage= http://www.alphakapparho1973.com/-->

|country = Philippines

|nicknames = Skeptrons, AKRHO

|website = {{URL|https://alphakapparho.org/}}

|image_size=200}}

|chapters=22}}

The '''Alpha Kappa Rho International Humanitarian Service Fraternity and Sorority''' ('''ακρ''' or '''AKRHO''') is a [[fraternity]] established in the [[Philippines]] in 1973.<ref>{{cite web |title=Official AKRHO Website |url=http://www.alphakapparho1973.com/ |access-date=2015-04-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121193554/http://www.alphakapparho1973.com/ |archive-date=2016-01-21}}</ref> The fraternity, comprising men and women from different universities, was originally established to promote loyalty, unity, and integrity in the fraternity amongst its members. It is registered as an International Humanitarian Service Fraternity and Sorority which encourages members to be involved in humanitarian projects and service.<ref>{{cite web |title=Akrho Gets Green Light |url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/metro/view/20090117-183940/Akrho-gets-green-light-for-Sinulog |access-date=2013-11-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203140124/http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/metro/view/20090117-183940/Akrho-gets-green-light-for-Sinulog |archive-date=2015-02-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Akrho Cleanup Graffiti | url=http://www.philstarworldwide.com/cebu-news/430243/akrho-tau-gamma-lead-cleanup-graffiti-free-city }}</ref>

The fraternity is registered with the Philippine [[Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)|Securities and Exchange Commission]] as a non-profit and non-dividend corporation. AKRHO claims to have chapters worldwide.

The fraternity is registered with the Philippine [[Securities and Exchange Commission (Philippines)|Securities and Exchange Commission]] as a non-profit and non-dividend corporation. AKRHO claims to have chapters worldwide.<ref>{{cite web | title=Akrho Grand 40 Year Salute | url=http://www.balita.com/a-grand-40-year-salute-to-alpha-kappa-rho/ | access-date=2013-09-27 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130926041854/http://www.balita.com/a-grand-40-year-salute-to-alpha-kappa-rho/# | archive-date=2013-09-26}}</ref>{{Dubious|date=June 2023}}

Members of Alpha Kappa Rho have participated in a series of hazing events and inter-fraternity violence, documented since the early 2000s.

== History ==

== History ==

The Alpha Kappa Rho Fraternity and Sorority was founded on August 8, 1973, by sixteen college students of the [[University of Santo Tomas]] (UST). Except for the leader and elder of the group, Jose "Boy" Chua, who was enrolled at the UST College of Medicine, the 15 other founders were enrolled at the UST College of Commerce.<ref name=AKRHO>{{cite web |title=Alpha Kappa Rho Fraternity 40th Anniversary |url=http://www.kabayanweekly.com/2013/08/16/akrho-40th-year-anniversary-event-successful/ |access-date=2013-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216182530/http://www.kabayanweekly.com/2013/08/16/akrho-40th-year-anniversary-event-successful/ |archive-date=2013-12-16}}</ref>

The Alpha Kappa Rho Fraternity and Sorority was founded on August 8, 1973, by sixteen college students of the [[University of Santo Tomas]] (UST) College of Commerce.<ref name=AKRHO>{{cite web |title=Alpha Kappa Rho Fraternity 40th Anniversary |url=http://www.kabayanweekly.com/2013/08/16/akrho-40th-year-anniversary-event-successful/ |access-date=2013-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216182530/http://www.kabayanweekly.com/2013/08/16/akrho-40th-year-anniversary-event-successful/ |archive-date=2013-12-16}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Official AKRHO Website |url=http://www.alphakapparho1973.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121193554/http://www.alphakapparho1973.com/ |archive-date=2016-01-21 |access-date=2015-04-07}}</ref> Its founding fathers were:<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=5 February 2023 |title=AKRHO history |url=https://alphakapparho.org/f/akrho-history |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=Alpha Kappa Rho |language=en-IE}}</ref>

{{columns-list|colwidth=12em|

* Ted Aves

* Philip Balangue

* Tanny Bernabe

* James Bracewell

* Monchet Cabrera

* Jose Chua

* Teddy De Lara

* Philip Diman

* Ato Go

* Arnel Lorenzo

* Noli Manalo

* Obet Posadas

* Mark Queyquep

* Edwin Solano

* Roger Sarmiento

* Gil Villegas

}}

The fraternity was founded on August 8 because itthis coincided withwas the feast day of [[Saint Dominic]], which was a university holiday at UST. The fraternity adopted the motto ''Vincit Omnia Veritas'' (Truth Conquers All) based on the emblem of the UST. Its members are called "Skeptrons", a Greek word for the ceremonial staff carried by a monarch as a symbol of sovereignty.<ref>{{cite web |title=Skeptrons |url=http://www.freewebs.com/akp-foundation/}}</ref>

In 1976, Alpha Kappa Rho merged with the Omega Fraternity & Sorority International (OFSI) of [[San Sebastian College]] and Zeta Upsilon Fraternity of the [[University of the East]]. The merged fraternities adopted the initiation rites of OFSI, which included using a heated coin to apply a circular burn mark on the back of a member's right wrist.<ref name="AKRHO" />

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In 1993, Alpha Kappa Rho was featured prominently in the action film ''Tikboy Tikas at mga Khroaks Boys,'' starring AKRHO member [[Zoren Legaspi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tikboy Tikas At Mga Khroaks Boys |url=https://www.tvguide.com/movies/tikboy-tikas-at-mga-khroaks-boys/cast/2030427630/ |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=TVGuide.com |language=en}}</ref>

It is registered as an International Humanitarian Service Fraternity and Sorority which encourages members to be involved in humanitarian projects and service<ref>{{cite web |title=Akrho Gets Green Light |url=http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/metro/view/20090117-183940/Akrho-gets-green-light-for-Sinulog |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203140124/http://globalnation.inquirer.net/cebudailynews/metro/view/20090117-183940/Akrho-gets-green-light-for-Sinulog |archive-date=2015-02-03 |access-date=2013-11-10}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Akrho Cleanup Graffiti |url=http://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/430243/akrho-tau-gamma-lead-cleanup-graffiti-free-city |website=[[The Philippine STAR]]}}</ref> In 2014, President [[Benigno Aquino III]] published an official message congratulating the fraternity inon its 41st anniversary.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-08 |title=Message of President Aquino to the Alpha Kappa Rho-Toronto Chapter on the occasion of their 41st Founding Anniversary, August 8, 2014 {{!}} GOVPH |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2014/08/08/message-of-president-aquino-to-the-alpha-kappa-rho-toronto-chapter-on-the-occasion-of-their-41st-founding-anniversary-august-8-2014/ |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== JuniorSymbols AKRHO ===

The fraternity adopted the motto ''{{lang|la|Vincit Omnia Veritas}}'' (Truth Conquers All) based on the emblem of the UST. Its members are called "[[wikt:σκῆπτρον|Skeptrons]]", a Greek word for the ceremonial staff carried by a monarch as a symbol of sovereignty.<ref>{{cite web |title=Skeptrons |url=http://www.freewebs.com/akp-foundation/}}</ref> Its colors are red, yellow, and white.

In August 1975, Alpha Kappa Rho began accepting members from the high school department of the University of the East and founded the first Junior Alpha Kappa Rho chapter in its Recto campus. Other junior chapters were soon established in the [[Far Eastern University]], [[Jose Rizal College High School]], [[Philippine School of Business Administration]], and [[National College of Business and Arts]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Junior AKRHO |url=http://akpbato.webs.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623123508/http://akpbato.webs.com/ |archive-date=2013-06-23 |access-date=2013-10-14}}</ref>

== Sorority ==

During 1975 Alpha Kappa Rho Sorority was founded by:<ref name=":4" />

{{columns-list|colwidth=12em|

*Girlie Tesoro

*Joyce Gregorio

*Alda Alteveros Bernabe

*Marisa Comuyog

*JJ Aquino

*Irene Ileto

}}

== Junior AKRHO ==

In August 1975, AKRHO grew in numbers with the acceptance of high school students from the University of the East Recto campus (UE-Recto) into the fraternity.<ref name=":4" /> The first Junior AKRHO was headed by Jun "Labo" Pasaporte, Rey Quitariano (another NDM alumni) and Noriel Arcadio.<ref name=":4" /> They began the Junior AKRHO at the High School of University of the East. Other junior chapters were soon established in the [[Far Eastern University]], [[Jose Rizal College High School]], [[Philippine School of Business Administration]], and [[National College of Business and Arts]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Junior AKRHO |url=http://akpbato.webs.com/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623123508/http://akpbato.webs.com/ |archive-date=2013-06-23 |access-date=2013-10-14}}</ref>

== Chapters ==

AKRHO claims to have chapters worldwide.<ref name=":5">{{cite web |title=Akrho Grand 40 Year Salute |url=http://www.balita.com/a-grand-40-year-salute-to-alpha-kappa-rho/ |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130926041854/http://www.balita.com/a-grand-40-year-salute-to-alpha-kappa-rho/# |archive-date=2013-09-26 |access-date=2013-09-27 |website=Balita}}</ref>

=== Collegiate ===

* [[University of Santo Tomas]]

* [[San Sebastian College]]

* [[University of the East]]

=== High school ===

* High School of [[University of the East]]

* [[Far Eastern University]]

* [[Jose Rizal College High School]]

* [[Philippine School of Business Administration]]

* [[National College of Business and Arts|National College of Business and Art]]

=== Councils ===

* AKP West Coast Council<ref name=":5" />

* Bahrain Council<ref name=":5" />

* Canada East Council<ref name=":5" />

* Israel Council<ref name=":5" />

* Japan Council<ref name=":5" />

* Kingdom of Saudi Arabia East Council<ref name=":5" />

* Kuwait Council<ref name=":5" />

* New Zealand Council<ref name=":5" />

* Oman Council<ref name=":5" />

* Papua New Guinea Council<ref name=":5" />

* Qatar Council<ref name=":5" />

* Singapore Council<ref name=":5" />

* South Korea Council<ref name=":5" />

* United Arab Emirates Council<ref name=":5" />

* USA East Coast Council<ref name=":5" />

== Controversies ==

=== Hazing ===

{{Main articles|List of hazing deaths in the Philippines}}

Although Alpha Kappa Rho has publicly claimed that it does not practice hazing in its initiation rites, at least three people are confirmed to have died from AKRHO's hazing rituals since 2009.

According to news reports, neophytes are subjected to "150 blows" with a wooden paddle which is then capped by the ceremonial burning of the circular scar on the right wrist using a coin (or the bottom of a metal [[permanent marker]]) wrapped in cigarette foil pressed into the skin three times while the applicant chants "I will protect the name of Alpha Kappa Rho."<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Mayol |first=Ador Vincent S. |date=2013-06-21 |title=Why frats survive despite hazing ban |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/430727/why-frats-survive-despite-hazing-ban |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=INQUIRER.net |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Mayol |first=Ador Vincent S. |date=2013-06-16 |title=Diverting fraternities away from violence to social devt |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/427291/diverting-fraternities-away-from-violence-to-social-devt |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=INQUIRER.net |language=en}}</ref>

On October 2, 2009, 17-year-old John Vincent Bernat, a student of [[Northern Mindanao State Institute of Science and Technology - Cabadbaran|Northern Mindanao State Institute of Science and Technology]], underwent the initiation rites of AKRHO. Bernat was rushed to a hospital immediately after but died of infection and hemorrhage two days later. At least one AKRHO member was arrested.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cantos |first=Joy |title=Estudyante utas sa hazing |trans-title=Student dead from hazing |url=https://www.philstar.com/probinsiya/2009/10/11/512694/estudyante-utas-sa-hazing |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com |language=Filipino}}</ref>

On June 9, 2013, police raided the house of an AKRHO chapter president in Barangay Pardo, [[Cebu City]] after neighbors reported screaming inside a house. Police found two men with swollen buttocks and thighs, as well as a 30-inch wooden paddle bearing the logo of the fraternity. Two AKRHO members were arrested, but were later released when the victims refused to file charges.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />

On August 9, 2020, Robert John Limpioso Fernandez, a 22-year-old tricycle driver from Barangay Cananlipa, [[Surigao City]], was declared dead- on- arrival after complaining of breathing difficulties. Fernandez had attended the AKRHO anniversary celebrations and was believed to have undergone initiation rites because of the bruises and burn marks found on his body.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Butuan |first=Bombo Radyo |date=2020-08-10 |title=Binata sa Surigao, patay sa hazing ng pinasukang fraternity |trans-title=Young man from Surigao dead from fraternity hazing |url=https://www.bomboradyo.com/binata-sa-surigao-patay-sa-hazing-ng-pinasukang-fraternity |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Bombo Radyo News |language=Filipino}}</ref>

On September 18, 2022, 19-year-old criminology student August Caezar Saplot of the [[University of Mindanao]] died of serious injuries after undergoing AKRHO's initiation rites.<ref>{{Cite web |title=8 frat members arrested for the hazing death of college student in Davao City |url=https://www.cnnphilippines.com/regional/2022/9/20/frat-members-arrested-for-hazing-death-college-student-Davao-City.html |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=cnn |language=en |archive-date=2023-06-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230621082122/https://www.cnnphilippines.com/regional/2022/9/20/frat-members-arrested-for-hazing-death-college-student-Davao-City.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Police arrested eight AKRHO members and conducted manhunt operations for six other members who escaped.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-20 |title=Suspects in Davao's deadly frat hazing are UM criminology students |url=https://www.rappler.com/nation/mindanao/suspects-davao-deadly-akrho-hazing-university-mindanao-criminology-students/ |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=RAPPLER |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Fraternity violence ===

Alpha Kappa Rho is known to have a long-standing rivalry with [[Tau Gamma Phi]] that has flared into street fights that resulted in deaths in the early 2000s, particularly in the province of [[Cebu]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2013-07-22 |title=Vidal urges youth to shun frats, violence |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/450231/vidal-urges-youth-to-shun-frats-violence |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=Cebu Daily News |language=en}}</ref> Animosity between the two fraternities began in 1990, which escalated to the point where the police and local government of Cebu City summoned the leaders of the two fraternities in February 2002 to forge formal peace accords.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Borinaga |first=Ryan P. |title=Police getting ready for fraternity violence |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2005/07/07/285455/police-getting-ready-fraternity-violence |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

In 2003, the accord broke down when a provincial vice president of Alpha Kappa Rho was murdered by alleged Tau Gamma Phi members along Sanciangko streetStreet in Cebu City. Tau Gamma Phi chapter president Jayber Oyon-Oyon was arrested inon suspicion of the murder.<ref name=":1" />

In 2005, Cebu governor [[Gwendolyn Garcia]] again summoned the leaders of the two fraternities for peace talks, describing the conflict between the two fraternities as "deadly tantrums."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fraternity violence: Gwen warns frat for snubbing her |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2005/09/21/297908/fraternity-violence-gwen-warns-frat-snubbing-her |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref> In January 2006, members of the fraternity were involved in a melee with Tau Gamma Phi members that injured several spectators during the [[Sinulog]] festival parade.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tom blasts frat leaders over Sinulog melee |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2006/01/18/317322/tom-blasts-frat-leaders-over-sinulog-melee |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref> In August of that same year, Alpha Kappa Rho's anniversary motorcade around Cebu City was marred by a shooting incident that killed one member and injured one teenaged member.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Melecio |first=Edwin Ian |title=Gunslay mars Akrho romp around city |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2006/08/09/351776/gunslay-mars-akrho-romp-around-city |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref> National and local leaders of the two fraternities again were summoned to a meeting with Cebu Provincial Police Office director Vicente Loot along with police officials from several Cebu towns and cities to plan activities to stem the violence and to sign a handwritten manifesto.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Loot meets with Tau, Akrho officials again |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2006/10/17/363519/loot-meets-tau-akrho-officials-again |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

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Despite this, documented cases of fraternity-related violence have persisted since:

* OnIn December 2007, Aristotle Aves was arrested while onboard a ferry bound for [[Ormoc|Ormoc, Leyte]]. One of Cebu's most wanted at the time, Aves has been tagged as an "AKRHO hitman" by the Cebu police with a {{Currency|300,000|PHP}} bounty offered by the Cebu provincial government. Aves was the main suspect for at least 17 fraternity-related killings in Cebu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Melecio |first=Edwin Ian |title=Aves and Kin of victims face off: Akrho “hitman”"hitman" faces 17 cases |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2007/12/05/31469/aves-and-kin-victims-face-off-akrho-ldquohitmanrdquo-faces-17-cases |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref> AKRHO regional president Richard Buscaino claimed that Aves has been suspended from the fraternity ever since he was tagged for murder.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2007-12-04 |title=Cebu frat hitman linked to 10 killings arrested |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/topstories/regions/71310/cebu-frat-hitman-linked-to-10-killings-arrested/story/ |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=GMA News Online |language=en}}</ref> Aves and another AKRHO member were convicted of murder and two counts of frustrated murder in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |date=July 30, 2015 |title=2 ‘fratmen’'fratmen' tagged in drive-by killing in 2007 convicted |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/23058 |website=SunStar Cebu}}</ref>

* OnIn October 2011, Bobby Morados, a barangay councilor in Cebu City, tagged AKRHO as the culprits in a failed ambush that targeted and wounded him. Morados' son, allegedly a Tau Gamma Phi member, was one of the three fatalities of an October 2007 drive-by shooting perpetrated by Aristotle Aves, and is believed to be in retaliation offor the 2006 AKRHO anniversary shooting.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Napallacan |first=Jhunnex |date=2011-10-06 |title=Barangay official links Akrho to failed ambush |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/71315/barangay-official-links-akrho-to-failed-ambush |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=INQUIRER.net |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kin of drive-by shooting victims cry for justice |url=https://www.philstar.com/cebu-news/2007/11/16/27800/kin-drive-shooting-victims-cry-justice |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

* On November 4, 2013, police arrested Arnel Solivar for the murder of a spokesman of the [[Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency]]. Police identified Solivar as another AKRHO hitman and an accomplice of Aristotle Aves. AKRHO regional president Buscaino again denied that Solivar is a member of the fraternity.<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 5, 2013 |title=Gunman in PDEA staffer’sstaffer's killing charged |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/520671/gunman-in-pdea-staffers-killing-charged |website=Inquirer.net}}</ref>

* On January 13, 2015, an AKRHO member was arrested for the murder of Jayford Romanillos, the son of a local police official and an alleged member of a rival gang.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lacamiento |first=Grace Melanie L. |title=Cop’sCop's son shot dead; fratman arrested by cops |url=https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/cebu-news/2015/01/13/1412464/cops-son-shot-dead-fratman-arrested-cops |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

* On October 10, 2018, three AKRHO members were charged with frustrated murder for shooting a 14-year-old boy whomwho they believed joined the Kalmados Gang, a rival group.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Manto |first=Mylen P. |title=3 AKRHO members charged with frustrated murder |url=https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/cebu-news/2018/10/10/1858867/3-akrho-members-charged-frustrated-murder |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

* On June 5, 2022, Tau Gamma Phi fratmen shot and wounded a member of AKRHO after an altercation between the groups in [[Minglanilla]], Cebu.<ref>{{Cite web |lastlast1=Logrono |firstfirst1=Guam P. |last2=Lagunda |first2=Kevin A. |date=2022-06-05 |title=Tau Gamma fratmen shoot, wound Akrho member after disco in Minglanilla town |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1931084/cebu/local-news/tau-gamma-fratmen-shoot-wound-akrho-member-after-disco-in-minglanilla-town |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=SUNSTAR |language=en}}</ref>

* On October 26, 2022, a 21-year-old member of AKRHO was stabbed and killed by two rival fraternity members in the [[Camotes Islands]], Cebu.<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 27, 2022 |title=2 men tagged in Akrho member’smember's death in Camotes rumble to face murder rap |website=[[SunStar]] |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1944586/cebu/local-news/2-men-tagged-in-akrho-members-death-in-camotes-rumble-to-face-murder-rap}}</ref>

Several other cases of Alpha Kappa Rho and Tau Gamma Phi members being murdered have been documented, however, the identity of the perpetrators and motive could not be positively identified or have been intentionally withheld.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ugdol/GMR |first=Jojo C. |title=Akrho nga gipatay nailhan na |url=https://www.philstar.com/banat/balita/2014/08/11/1356274/akrho-nga-gipatay-nailhan-na |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Tulo gipamusil, 1 patay |url=https://www.philstar.com/banat/balita/2015/08/11/1487122/tulo-gipamusil-1-patay |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Marantal |first=Romeo D. |title=Frat leader shot dead |url=https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/cebu-news/2023/04/12/2258331/frat-leader-shot-dead |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-04-12 |title=San Fernando police review video footage to identify Akrho leader’sleader's gunman |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/1958378/cebu/local-news/san-fernando-police-review-video-footage-to-identify-akrho-leaders-gunman |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=SUNSTAR |language=en}}</ref> This includes the October 8, 2021 murder of former AKRHO national president<ref name=":3" /> and board of trustees member Richard Buscaino, who was ambushed and killed by motorcycle-riding gunmen in Cebu City. AKRHO's national leadership asked to avoid speculating on the affiliations of the gunmen, while Cebu police have also refused to reveal the identities of the persons of interest.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-10 |title=Fraternity members cry for justice for the murder of ex-frat officer |url=https://cebudailynews.inquirer.net/405281/fraternity-members-cry-for-justice-for-the-murder-of-ex-frat-officer |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=INQUIRER.net |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Mascardo |first=Iris Hazel |title=Cops now have persons of interest in frat leader's slay |url=https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/cebu-news/2021/10/12/2133533/cops-now-have-persons-interest-frat-leaders-slay |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

=== Recruitment abuse ===

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On May 27, 2011, a 16-year-old female high school student was raped and killed by Alpha Kappa Rho members Rodel Gelito and Joseph Onate in [[Boracay]], [[Aklan]]. The victim, along with seven other teenagers, joined fraternity initiation rites allegedly headed by the two AKRHO members who then raped and killed her, then dumped her body inside a cave in Sitio Lapuslapos Hills, Boracay. Gelito and Onate were arrested in November 2012.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2012-11-13 |title=Fratmen suspects in teen's rape-slay nabbed in Boracay |url=https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/259937/fratmen-suspects-in-teens-rape-slay-nabbed-in-boracay |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=SUNSTAR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Alquitran |first=Non |title=2 frat members in Boracay rape-slay nabbed |url=https://www.philstar.com/nation/2012/11/13/865957/2-frat-members-boracay-rape-slay-nabbed |access-date=2023-06-22 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

In 2018, three expelled members of Alpha Kappa Rho were arrested by Cebu police for recruiting minors, including two girls aged 11 and 12 who were allegedly forced to use ''[[Methamphetamine|shabu]]'' and were abused sexually. According to police, the ex-members illegally formed their own group using the name and logo of Alpha Kappa Rho to recruit minors without the fraternity's permission.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moradas |first=Ermida Q. |title=Ex-fratmen Behind ‘recruit'recruit abuse’abuse' |url=https://www.philstar.com/the-freeman/cebu-news/2018/04/22/1808362/ex-fratmen-behind-recruit-abuse |access-date=2023-06-21 |website=Philstar.com}}</ref>

== Notable members ==

* [[File:IskoMorenoOfficialPortrait.jpg|thumb|150x150px|Isko Moreno, former mayor of Manila]]
* [[Sebastian Duterte|Sebastian "Baste" Duterte]], mayor of [[Davao City]]<ref>[https://mindanaotoday.com/8-frat-members-in-davao-arrested-after-hazing-death/ 8 frat members in Davao arrested after hazing death]</ref>
*[[Baron Geisler]], actor<ref name=photos>{{Cite web |last=Sun |first=Cherry |title=IN PHOTOS: Celebs na fraternity at sorority members |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/celebritylife/news/8281/in-photos-celebs-na-fraternity-at-sorority-members/photo |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=www.gmanetwork.com |language=en}}</ref>

* [[Zoren Legaspi]], actor

* [[Francis Magalona]], rapper and television personality<ref>{{Cite web |title=AKRHO Fraternity & Sorority |url=https://www.facebook.com/AkrhoNewsroom/posts/pfbid02SXWqnTq61jQ45rUkQJgWWwak4wG1PJJ2uwxhu28VpFdxhopDFsGhLZx6mkC3NCDbl |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=www.facebook.com |language=en}}</ref>

* [[Sam Milby]], actor and musician<ref name=photos/>

* [[Sam Milby]], actor and musician<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sun |first=Cherry |title=IN PHOTOS: Celebs na fraternity at sorority members |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/celebritylife/news/8281/in-photos-celebs-na-fraternity-at-sorority-members/photo |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=www.gmanetwork.com |language=en}}</ref>

* [[Chito Miranda]], lead singer of [[Parokya ni Edgar]]

* [[Cesar Montano]], actor and director<ref name=photos/>

* [[Cesar Montano]], actor and director<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sun |first=Cherry |title=IN PHOTOS: Celebs na fraternity at sorority members |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/celebritylife/news/8281/in-photos-celebs-na-fraternity-at-sorority-members/photo |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=www.gmanetwork.com |language=en}}</ref>

* [[Isko Moreno]], former mayor of [[Manila]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gonzales |first=Cathrine |date=2022-04-23 |title=AKRHO still nonpartisan though some Caraga members back Robredo |url=https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1586964/some-akrho-caraga-members-endorse-robredos-bid |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=INQUIRER.net |language=en}}</ref>

* [[Arnel Pineda]], lead singer of American rock band [[Journey (band)|Journey]]<ref>{{Cite web |lastname=Sun |first=Cherry |title=IN PHOTOS: Celebs na fraternity at sorority members |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/entertainment/celebritylife/news/8281/in-photos-celebs-na-fraternity-at-sorority-members/photo |access-date=2023-06-23 |website=www.gmanetwork.com |language=en}}</ref>

== See also ==

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== References ==

{{reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{Official website|https://web.archive.org/web/20160121193554/http://www.alphakapparho1973.com/}}