Americans: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

Article Images

Line 126:

[[File:Largest white alone or in any combination group by county in the United States. US Census 2020.jpg|thumb|European ancestry in the United States by county (self-reported) in 2020|275px]]

People of [[Europe]]an descent, or White Americans (also referred to as [[European Americans]] and Caucasian Americans), constitute the majority of the 331 million people living in the United States, with 191,697,647 people or 57.8% of the population in the [[2020 United States census]].{{efn|Of the foreign-born population from [[Europe]] (4,817 thousand), in 2010, 61.8% were naturalized.<ref name="fbpACS2010">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2012pubs/acs-19.pdf |title=The Foreign Born Population in the United States: 2010 |last1=Grieco |first1=Elizabeth M. |last2=Acosta |first2=Yesenia D. |last3=de la Cruz |first3=G. Patricia |last4=Gamino |first4=Christina |last5=Gryn |first5=Thomas |last6=Larsen |first6=Luke J. |last7=Trevelyan |first7=Edward N. |last8=Walters |first8=Nathan P. |date=May 2012 |website=American Community Survey Reports |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209224630/http://www.census.gov/prod/2012pubs/acs-19.pdf |archive-date=February 9, 2015 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }}</ref>}}<ref name=c2010>{{cite web |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/redistricting-supplementary-tables/redistricting-supplementary-table-02.pdf |title=Percentage of Population and Percent Change by Race: 2010 and 2020 |access-date=September 20, 2021 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |date=March 2011 |author=Karen R. Humes |author2=Nicholas A. Jones |author3=Roberto R. Ramirez |archive-date=August 13, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210813224122/https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/redistricting-supplementary-tables/redistricting-supplementary-table-02.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="TWP2010">{{cite web |author=Lindsay Hixson |author2=Bradford B. Hepler |author3=Myoung Ouk Kim |date=September 2011 |title=The White Population: 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-05.pdf |access-date=November 20, 2012 |work=United States Census Bureau |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |archive-date=September 30, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930074513/https://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-05.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> ~~They~~

In ~~are~~the ~~considered~~2020 ~~people~~United ~~who~~States ~~trace~~census, English Americans 46.5 million (19.8%), German Americans 45m (19.1%), Irish Americans 38.6m (16.4%) and Italian Americans 16.8m (7.1%) were the four largest self-reported ~~their~~European ancestry groups in the United States constituting 62.4% of the population.[39] However, the English Americans and British Americans demography is considered a serious under-count as they tend to self-report and identify as simply "Americans" (since the ~~original~~introduction ~~peoples~~of a new "American" category in the 1990 census) due to the length of ~~Europe~~time they have inhabited America. This is highly over-represented in the Upland South, a region that was settled historically by the ~~Middle~~British. <ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 Ethnic Landscapes of America] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404205908/https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |date=April ~~East~~4, 2023 }} - By John A. Cross</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6 Census and ~~North~~you: ~~Africa~~monthly news from the U.S. Bureau... Volume 28, Issue 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407094950/https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6 |date=April 7, 2023 }} - By United States. Bureau of the Census</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57 Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America] ~~name~~{{Webarchive|url=~~c2010~~https://web.archive.org/web/20230116051127/https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57 |date=January 16, 2023 }} By Dominic J. Pulera.</ref><ref>Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', ''Demography'', Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', ''Social Science Research'', Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-6.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86.</ref>

[[Non-Hispanic Whites]] are the majority in 45 states. There are five [[minority-majority state]]s: [[California]], [[Texas]], [[New Mexico]], [[Nevada]], and [[Hawaii]].<ref>{{cite web|title=U.S. whites will soon be the minority in number, but not power – Baltimore Sun|periodical=[[The Baltimore Sun]]|url=http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/oped/bs-ed-op-0809-minority-majority-20170808-story.html|access-date=2018-01-21|archive-date=August 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170808200616/http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/oped/bs-ed-op-0809-minority-majority-20170808-story.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/8902484 |title=Minority population surging in Texas |date=August 18, 2005 |work=NBC News |agency=Associated Press |access-date=December 7, 2009 |archive-date=December 31, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231232030/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/8902484/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition, the [[Washington, D.C.|District of Columbia]] and the five inhabited [[Territories of the United States|U.S. territories]] have a non-white majority.<ref name=c2010 /> The state with the highest percentage of non-Hispanic White Americans is [[Maine]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/population/cb12-90.html |title=Most Children Younger Than Age 1 are Minorities, Census Bureau Reports |last1=Bernstein |first1=Robert |date=May 17, 2012 |work=United States Census Bureau |publisher=United States Department of Commerce |access-date=December 16, 2012 |archive-date=May 18, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120518211419/https://www.census.gov/newsroom/releases/archives/population/cb12-90.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

Europe is the largest continent that Americans trace their ancestry to, and many claim descent from various [[Ethnic groups in Europe|European ethnic groups]].<ref>Ohio State University. Diversity Dictionary. 2006. September 4, 2006. [http://www.osu.edu/diversity/dictionary.php OSU.edu] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620101442/http://www.osu.edu/diversity/dictionary.php |date=June 20, 2008 }}</ref>

Line 132 ⟶ 136:

The [[Spaniards]] were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the continental United States in 1565.<ref name=loc>{{cite web |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |title=A Spanish Expedition Established St. Augustine in Florida |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |access-date=March 27, 2009 |archive-date=October 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010022552/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[Martín de Argüelles]], born in 1566 in [[St. Augustine, Florida|San Agustín, La Florida]] then a part of [[New Spain]], was the first person of European descent born in what is now the continental United States.<ref>{{cite book|author=D. H. Figueredo|title=Latino Chronology: Chronologies of the American Mosaic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TWX5d27NkFgC&pg=PT35|year=2007|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-313-34154-0|page=35|access-date=October 16, 2015|archive-date=September 28, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230928160602/https://books.google.com/books?id=TWX5d27NkFgC&pg=PT35|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Virginia Dare]], born in 1587 in [[Roanoke Island]] in present-day [[North Carolina]], was the first child born in the original [[Thirteen Colonies]] to English parents. The Spaniards also established a continuous presence in what over three centuries later would become a possession of the United States with the founding of the city of [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]], in 1521.

In the 2020 United States census, [[English Americans]] 46.5 million (19.8%), [[German Americans]] 45m (19.1%), [[Irish Americans]] 38.6m (16.4%) and [[Italian Americans]] 16.8m (7.1%) were the four largest self-reported European ancestry groups in the United States constituting 62.4% of the population.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/09/2020-census-dhc-a-race-overview.html|title= Census Bureau Releases 2020 Census Population for More Than 200 New Detailed Race and Ethnicity Groups|date= September 21, 2023|accessdate= October 21, 2023}}</ref> However, the English Americans and [[British Americans]] demography is considered a serious under-count as they tend to self-report and identify as simply "[[American ancestry|Americans]]" (since the introduction of a new "American" category in the [[1990 United States census|1990]] census) due to the length of time they have inhabited America. This is highly over-represented in the [[Upland South]], a region that was settled historically by the British.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 Ethnic Landscapes of America] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404205908/https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 |date=April 4, 2023 }} - By John A. Cross</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6 Census and you: monthly news from the U.S. Bureau... Volume 28, Issue 2] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407094950/https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6 |date=April 7, 2023 }} - By United States. Bureau of the Census</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57 Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116051127/https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57 |date=January 16, 2023 }} By Dominic J. Pulera.</ref><ref>Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', ''Demography'', Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', ''Social Science Research'', Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-6.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86.</ref>

Overall, as the largest group, European Americans have the lowest [[Poverty in the United States|poverty rate]]<ref name="Poverty rate">{{Cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p60-229.pdf|title=Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2004|access-date=December 9, 2017|archive-date=October 9, 2022|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p60-229.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> and the second highest [[Educational attainment in the United States#Ethnicity and race|educational attainment]] levels, median [[Household income in the United States|household income]],<ref name="Median household income newsbrief, US Census Bureau 2005">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/income_wealth/005647.html |title=Median household income newsbrief, US Census Bureau 2005 |access-date=September 24, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060903121511/http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/income_wealth/005647.html |archive-date=September 3, 2006 |url-status=dead |df=mdy }}</ref> and median [[Personal income in the United States|personal income]]<ref name="US Census Bureau, Personal income for Asian Americans, age 25+, 2006">{{cite web|url=http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/032006/perinc/new03_008.htm |title=US Census Bureau, Personal income for Asian Americans, age 25+, 2006 |access-date=December 17, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929074108/http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/032006/perinc/new03_008.htm |archive-date=September 29, 2006 }}</ref> of any racial demographic in the nation.