Ankyloglossia: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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Messner and Lalakea studied speech in children with ankyloglossia. They noted that the [[phonemes]] likely to be affected due to ankyloglossia include [[sibilants]] and [[Coronal consonant|lingual sounds]] such as 'r'. In addition, the authors also state that it is uncertain as to which patients will have a [[speech disorder]] that can be linked to ankyloglossia and that there is no way to predict at a young age which patients will need treatment. The authors studied 30 children from one to 12 years of age with ankyloglossia, all of whom underwent [[frenuloplasty]]. Fifteen children underwent speech evaluation before and after surgery. Eleven patients were found to have abnormal [[Manner of articulation|articulation]] before surgery and nine of these patients were found to have improved articulation after surgery. Based on the findings, the authors concluded that it is possible for children with ankyloglossia to have normal speech in spite of decreased tongue mobility. However, according to their study, a large percentage of children with ankyloglossia will have articulation deficits that can be linked to tongue-tie and these deficits may be improved with surgery. The authors also note that ankyloglossia does not cause a delay in speech or language, but at the most, problems with enunciation. Limitations of the study include a small sample size as well as a lack of [[Blinding (medicine)|blinding]] of the speech-language pathologists who evaluated the subjects’ speech.

Several recent systematic reviews and randomized control trials have argued that ankyloglossia does not impact speech sound development and that there is no difference in speech sound development between children who received surgery to release tongue-tie and those who did not.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wang |first1=J |last2=Yang |first2=X |last3=Hao |first3=S |last4=Wang |first4=Y |title=The effect of ankyloglossia and tongue-tie division on speech articulation: A systematic review |journal=Int J Paediatr Dent. |date=May 8, 2021 |volume=32 |issue=2 |pages=144–156 |doi=10.1111/ipd.12802|pmid=33964037 |s2cid=233997867 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Salt |first1=H |last2=Claessen |first2=M |last3=Johnston |first3=T |last4=Smart |first4=S |title=Speech production in young children with tongue-tie. |journal=Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol |date=July 2020 |volume=134:110035 |page=110035 |doi=10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110035|pmid=32298924 |s2cid=215801978 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Chinnadurai |first1=Sivakumar |last2=Francis |first2=David O. |last3=Epstein |first3=Richard A. |last4=Morad |first4=Anna |last5=Kohanim |first5=Sahar |last6=McPheeters |first6=Melissa |title=Treatment of Ankyloglossia for Reasons Other Than Breastfeeding: A Systematic Review. |journal=Pediatrics |date=June 2015 |volume=135 |issue=6 |pages=e1467-74e1467–74 |doi=10.1542/peds.2015-0660|pmid=25941312 |s2cid=10614311 }}</ref>

Messner and Lalakea also examined speech and ankyloglossia in another study. They studied 15 patients and speech was grossly normal in all the subjects. However, half of the subjects reported that they thought that their speech was more effortful than other peoples' speech.<ref name="LalakeaMessner2003a"/>