April 12: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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* [[467]] – [[Anthemius]] is elevated to [[Roman emperor|Emperor of the Western Roman Empire]].<ref>{{cite book|first1=Lesley|last1=Adkins|author-link1=Roy and Lesley Adkins|first2=Roy A.|last2=Adkins|author-link2=Roy and Lesley Adkins|title=Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9JJdqJ8YGH8C&pg=PA36|year=1998|publisher=[[Oxford University Press|OUP USA]]|isbn=978-0-19-512332-6|pages=36}}</ref>

* [[627]] – King [[Edwin of Northumbria]] is converted to Christianity by [[Paulinus of York|Paulinus]], bishop of [[York]].<ref>{{cite book|first=David|last=Rollason|author-link=David Rollason|title=Northumbria, 500-1100: Creation and Destruction of a Kingdom|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4mSogG6ZqN4C&pg=PA77|date=25 September 2003|publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]]|isbn=978-0-521-81335-8|pages=77}}</ref>

*[[1012]] – Duke [[Oldřich, Duke of Bohemia|Oldřich of Bohemia]] deposes and blinds his brother [[Jaromír, Duke of Bohemia|Jaromír]], who flees to [[Greater Poland|Poland]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1204]] – The [[Crusaders]] of the [[Fourth Crusade]] breach the walls of [[Constantinople]] and [[Siege of Constantinople (1204)|enter the city]], which they completely occupy the following day.<ref>{{cite book|last=Claster|first=Jill N.|title=Sacred Violence: The European Crusades to the Middle East, 1095-1396|location=Toronto|publisher=University of Toronto Press|date=2009|isbn=9781442600584|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JP6OzSDQJlwC|page=214}}</ref>

===1601–1900===

*[[1606]] – The [[Union Flag]] is adopted as the flag of [[Kingdom of England|English]] and [[Kingdom of Scotland|Scottish]] ships.<ref>{{cite book|last=Shapiro|first=James S.|title=The Year of Lear: Shakespeare in 1606|location=New York|publisher=Simon & Schuster|date=2016|isbn=9781416541653|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SLA9DQAAQBAJ|page=345}}</ref>

*[[1776]] – [[American Revolution]]: With the [[Halifax Resolves]], the [[North Carolina Provincial Congress]] authorizes its [[Second Continental Congress|Congressional]] delegation to vote for independence from Britain.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kennedy|first=Frances H.|title=The American Revolution: A Historical Guidebook|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2014|isbn=9780199324224|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wC6TAwAAQBAJ|page=86}}</ref>

*[[1782]] – American Revolution: A [[Royal Navy]] fleet led by Admiral [[George Rodney]] defeats a French fleet led by the [[Comte de Grasse]] at the [[Battle of the Saintes]] off [[Dominica]] in the [[Caribbean Sea]].<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Allison |editor1-first=David K |editor2-last=Ferreiro |editor2-first=Larrie D |title=The American Revolution: A World War |page=220|date=2018 |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |isbn=9781588346599 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IlpnDwAAQBAJ&q=shelburne}}</ref>

*[[1807]] – The [[Froberg mutiny]] on [[Malta]] ends when the remaining mutineers blow up the magazine of [[Fort Ricasoli]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Dempsey|first=Guy C.|title=Mutiny at Malta: The Revolt of Froberg's Regiment April 1807|journal=Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research|date=Spring 1989|page=24}}</ref>

*[[1820]] – [[Alexander Ypsilantis]] is declared leader of [[Filiki Eteria]], a secret organization to overthrow [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] rule over Greece.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1831]] – Soldiers marching on the [[Broughton Suspension Bridge]] in [[Manchester]], England, cause it to collapse.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1861]] – [[American Civil War]]: [[Battle of Fort Sumter]]. The war begins with [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] forces firing on [[Fort Sumter]], in the harbor of [[Charleston, South Carolina]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Eicher|first=David J.|title=The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War|location=London|publisher=Pimlico|date=2002|isbn=9780712668545|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1p94XzYASDAC|pages=37–38}}</ref>

*[[1862]] – American Civil War: The Andrews Raid (the [[Great Locomotive Chase]]) occurs, starting from Big Shanty, Georgia (now [[Kennesaw, Georgia|Kennesaw]]).{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1864]] – American Civil War: The [[Battle of Fort Pillow]]: [[Confederate States Army|Confederate]] forces kill most of the [[African Americans|African American]] soldiers that surrendered at [[Fort Pillow, Tennessee|Fort Pillow]], [[Tennessee]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Eicher|first=David J.|title=The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War|location=London|publisher=Pimlico|date=2002|isbn=9780712668545|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1p94XzYASDAC|page=657}}</ref>

*[[1865]] – American Civil War: [[Mobile, Alabama]], falls to the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union Army]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Eicher|first=David J.|title=The Longest Night: A Military History of the Civil War|location=London|publisher=Pimlico|date=2002|isbn=9780712668545|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1p94XzYASDAC|page=840}}</ref>

*[[1877]] – The [[United Kingdom]] annexes the [[South African Republic|Transvaal]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Laband|first1=John|author-link1=John Laband|title=The Transvaal Rebellion: The First Boer War, 1880-1881|date=10 July 2014|publisher=[[Routledge]]|isbn=978-1-317-86846-0|page=19|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vnEABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA19|language=en}}</ref>

*[[1900]] – One day after its enactment by the [[United States Congress|Congress]], President [[William McKinley]] signs the [[Foraker Act]] into law, giving [[Puerto Rico]] limited [[self-rule]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Passed by 8 Votes|work=The Evening Star|date=April 12, 1900|page=14|postscript=none}}; {{cite news|title=Allen Is Civil Governor|work=Chicago Tribune|date=April 13, 1900|page=5|postscript=none}}; {{cite book|last=Caban|first=Pedro A.|title=Constructing a Colonial People: Puerto Rico and the United States, 1898-1932|location=New York|publisher=Routledge|date=2019|isbn=9780367315153|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TQHFDwAAQBAJ|page=101}}</ref>

===1901–present===

*[[1910]] – {{SMS|Zrínyi}}, one of the last [[pre-dreadnought battleship]]s built by the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian]] Navy, is launched.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1917]] – [[World War I]]: [[Canadian Expeditionary Force|Canadian]] forces successfully complete the taking of [[Battle of Vimy Ridge|Vimy Ridge]] from the [[Germans]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1927]] – [[Shanghai massacre of 1927]]: [[Chiang Kai-shek]] orders the [[Chinese Communist Party]] members executed in Shanghai, ending the [[First United Front]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

* 1927 – [[Rocksprings, Texas]] is hit by an F5 tornado that destroys 235 of the 247 buildings in the town, kills 72 townspeople, and injures 205; third deadliest tornado in [[Texas]] history.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1928]] – The ''[[Bremen (aircraft)|Bremen]]'', a German [[Junkers W 33]] type aircraft, takes off for the first successful transatlantic aeroplane flight from east to west.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1934]] – The [[Wind speed#Highest speed|strongest surface wind]] gust in the world at the time of 231 mph, is measured on the summit of [[Mount Washington (New Hampshire)|Mount Washington]], [[New Hampshire]]. It has since been surpassed.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

* 1934 – The U.S. [[Auto-Lite strike]] begins, culminating in a five-day melee between [[Ohio National Guard]] troops and 6,000 [[strike action|strikers and picketers]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1937]] – Sir [[Frank Whittle]] ground-tests the first [[jet engine]] designed to power an aircraft, at [[Rugby, Warwickshire|Rugby, England]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1945]] – U.S. President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] dies in office; Vice President [[Harry S. Truman]] becomes President upon Roosevelt's death.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

* 1945 – [[World War II]]: The [[Ninth United States Army|U.S. Ninth Army]] under General [[William Hood Simpson|William H. Simpson]] crosses the [[Elbe|Elbe River]] astride [[Magdeburg]], and reaches [[Tangermünde]]—only 50 miles from [[Berlin]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1955]] – The [[polio vaccine]], developed by Dr. [[Jonas Salk]], is declared [[Jonas Salk#Polio research|safe and effective]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1961]] – [[Space Race]]: The [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[cosmonaut]] [[Yuri Gagarin]] becomes the first human to travel into [[outer space]] and perform the first crewed [[orbit]]al flight, [[Vostok 1]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1963]] – The [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] nuclear-powered submarine ''[[Soviet submarine K-33|K-33]]'' collides with the Finnish merchant vessel M/S ''Finnclipper'' in the Danish straits.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1970]] – [[Soviet submarine K-8|Soviet submarine ''K-8'']], carrying four nuclear torpedoes, sinks in the [[Bay of Biscay]] four days after a fire on board.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1980]] – The Americo-Liberian government of Liberia is [[1980 Liberian coup d'état|violently deposed]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

* 1980 – [[Transbrasil Flight 303]], a [[Boeing 727]], crashes on approach to [[Hercílio Luz International Airport]], in [[Florianópolis]], [[Brazil]]. Fifty-five out of the 58 people on board are killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19800412-0|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 727-27C PT-TYS Florianópolis-Hercilio Luz International Airport, SC (FLN)|last=Ranter|first=Harro|website=aviation-safety.net|access-date=2019-03-22}}</ref>

* 1980 – Canadian runner and athlete, [[Terry Fox]] begins his Marathon of Hope Run in [[St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador|St. John's, NF]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Terry Fox started his Marathon of Hope 41 years ago|url=https://torontosun.com/news/national/braun-terry-fox-started-his-marathon-of-hope-41-years-ago|access-date=2021-04-13|website=torontosun|language=en-CA}}</ref>

*[[1981]] – The first launch of a [[Space Shuttle]] (''[[Space Shuttle Columbia|Columbia]]'') takes place: The [[STS-1]] mission.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1983]] – [[Harold Washington]] is elected as the first black mayor of [[Chicago]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/nation-world/chi-chicagodays-haroldwashington-story-story.html|title=The election of Harold Washington the first black mayor of Chicago|first=Robert|last=Davis|website=chicagotribune.com}}</ref>

*[[1985]] – [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] launches on [[STS-51-D|STS-51D]] to deploy two [[Communications satellite|communications satellites]].<ref>{{cite web |title=STS-51D |url=http://spacefacts.de/mission/english/sts-51d.htm |access-date=February 26, 2014 |website=Spacefacts}}</ref>

*[[1990]] – [[Jim Gary]]'s "Twentieth Century Dinosaurs" exhibition opens at the [[Smithsonian Institution]] [[National Museum of Natural History]] in Washington, D.C. He is the only sculptor ever invited to present a [[solo exhibition]] there.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[1992]] – The ''Euro Disney Resort'' officially opens with its theme park ''[[Disneyland Park (Paris)|Euro Disneyland]]''; the resort and its park's name are subsequently changed to [[Disneyland Paris]].▼

*1990 – [[Widerøe Flight 839]] crashes after takeoff from [[Værøy Airport]] in [[Norway]], killing five people.<ref>{{cite web |author= |date=25 February 1991 |title=Rapport of luftfartsulykke ved Værøy lufthavn den 12. april 1990 med Twin Otter LN-BNS |trans-title=Report of aviation accident at Værøy Airport on 12 April 1990 with Twin Otter LN-BNS |url=http://www.aibn.no/rapport-01-1991-pdf1?pid=Native-ContentFile-File&attach=1 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180510115330/https://www.aibn.no/rapport-01-1991-pdf1?pid=Native-ContentFile-File&attach=1 |archive-date=10 May 2018 |access-date=12 August 2013 |publisher=Accident Investigation Board Norway, [[Norwegian Safety Investigation Authority]] |language=Norwegian}}</ref>

*[[1999]] – United States President [[Bill Clinton]] is cited for [[contempt of court]] for giving "intentionally false statements" in a [[civil lawsuit]]; he is later fined and disbarred.▼

▲*[[1992]] – The ''Euro Disney Resort'' officially opens with its theme park ''[[Disneyland Park (Paris)|Euro Disneyland]]''; the resort and its park's name are subsequently changed to [[Disneyland Paris]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[2002]] – A suicide bomber [[2002 Mahane Yehuda Market bombing|blows herself up]] at the entrance to Jerusalem's [[Mahane Yehuda Market]], killing seven people and wounding 104.▼

▲*[[1999]] – United States President [[Bill Clinton]] is cited for [[contempt of court]] for giving "intentionally false statements" in a [[civil lawsuit]]; he is later fined and disbarred.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[2007]] – A suicide bomber [[2007 Iraqi Parliament bombing|penetrates the Green Zone and detonates]] in a cafeteria within a parliament building, killing Iraqi MP [[Mohammed Awad]] and wounding more than twenty other people.▼

*1999 – During the [[NATO bombing of Yugoslavia]], an American [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle]] [[Grdelica train bombing|shoots a passenger train]], killing between 20 and 60 people.<ref name="HRWref">{{cite web |date=February 1, 2000 |title=Human Rights Watch: ''Kosovo: Civilian Deaths in the NATO Air Campaign'' |url=http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6a86b0.html#P760_175406 |access-date=July 17, 2017}}</ref>

*[[2009]] – [[Zimbabwe]] officially abandons the [[Zimbabwean dollar]] as its official currency.▼

▲*[[2002]] – A suicide bomber [[2002 Mahane Yehuda Market bombing|blows herself up]] at the entrance to Jerusalem's [[Mahane Yehuda Market]], killing seven people and wounding 104.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

▲*[[2007]] – A suicide bomber [[2007 Iraqi Parliament bombing|penetrates the Green Zone and detonates]] in a cafeteria within a parliament building, killing Iraqi MP [[Mohammed Awad (politician)|Mohammed Awad]] and wounding more than twenty other people.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

▲*[[2009]] – [[Zimbabwe]] officially abandons the [[Zimbabwean dollar]] as its official currency.{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[2010]] – [[Merano derailment]]: A rail accident in [[South Tyrol]] kills nine people and injures a further 28.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8615002.stm|title=Landslide derails train in Italy leaving nine dead|date=12 April 2010|website=BBC News|access-date=13 April 2020}}</ref>

*[[2013]] – Two [[2013 Kidal suicide attack|suicide bombers]] kill three [[Military of Chad|Chadian soldiers]] and injure dozens of civilians at a market in [[Kidal|Kidal, Mali]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2024}}

*[[2014]] – The [[Great Fire of Valparaíso]] ravages the [[Chile]]an city of [[Valparaíso]], killing 16 people, displacing nearly 10,000, and destroying over 2,000 homes.<ref name="gran2">{{cite news|title=Comienzan velorios de víctimas del gran incendio de Valparaíso|url=http://www.publimetro.cl/nota/cronica/fotos-comienzan-velorios-de-victimas-del-gran-incendio-de-valparaiso/xIQndn!3yu5LkJAvQVTg/|date=14 April 2014|work=Publimetro Chile|publisher=[[Metro International]]|location=[[Santiago]], Chile|language=es|access-date=15 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140415124328/http://www.publimetro.cl/nota/cronica/fotos-comienzan-velorios-de-victimas-del-gran-incendio-de-valparaiso/xIQndn!3yu5LkJAvQVTg/|archive-date=15 April 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

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*[[1550]] – [[Edward de Vere, 17th Earl of Oxford]], English courtier and politician, [[Lord Great Chamberlain]] (d. 1604)

*[[1577]] – [[Christian IV of Denmark]] (d. 1648)<ref>{{cite book|title=Globe Encyclopaedia of Universal Information|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rPFTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA140|year=1878|pages=140}}</ref>

===1601–1900===

*[[1612]] – [[Simone Cantarini]], Italian painter and engraver (d. 1648)

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*[[1777]] – [[Henry Clay]], American lawyer and politician, 9th [[United States Secretary of State]] (d. 1852)

*[[1792]] – [[John Lambton, 1st Earl of Durham]], English soldier and politician, [[Lord Privy Seal]] (d. 1840)

*[[1794]] – [[Germinal Pierre Dandelin]], Belgian mathematician and engineer (d. 1847)<ref>{{cite book|author=Jules Victor DELECOURT|author-link=Jules Delecourt|title=Essai d'un dictionnaire des ouvrages anonymes & pseudonymes publiés en Belgique au XIXe siècle, et principalement depuis 1830. Par un Membre de la Société des Bibliophiles belges (Jules Delecourt).|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o4laAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA156|year=1863|pages=156}}</ref>

*[[1796]] – [[George N. Briggs]], American lawyer and politician, 19th [[Governor of Massachusetts]] (d. 1861)

*[[1799]] – [[Henri Druey]], Swiss lawyer and politician, 2nd [[List of Presidents of the Swiss Confederation|President of the Swiss Confederation]] (d. 1855)

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* 1894 – [[Francisco Craveiro Lopes]], Portuguese field marshal and politician, 13th [[President of Portugal]] (d. 1964)

*[[1898]] – [[Lily Pons]], French-American soprano and actress (d. 1976)

===1901–present===

*[[1901]] – [[Lowell Stockman]], American farmer and politician (d. 1962)

*[[1902]] – [[Louis Beel]], Dutch academic and politician, 36th [[Prime Minister of the Netherlands]] (d. 1977)

*[[1903]] – [[Jan Tinbergen]], Dutch economist and academic, [[Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. 1994)

*[[1907]] – [[~~Zawgyi~~Felix ~~(writer)|Zawgyi~~de Weldon]], ~~Burmese~~Austrian-American ~~poet~~sculptor, ~~author,~~designed ~~literary~~the ~~historian,~~[[Marine ~~critic,~~Corps ~~scholar~~War ~~and academic~~Memorial]] (d. ~~1990~~2003)

* 1907 – [[~~Felix~~Zawgyi ~~de Weldon~~(writer)|Zawgyi]], ~~Austrian-American~~Burmese ~~sculptor~~poet, ~~designed~~author, ~~the~~literary ~~[[Marine~~historian, ~~Corps~~critic, ~~War~~scholar ~~Memorial]]~~and academic (d. ~~2003~~1990)

*[[1908]] – [[Ida Pollock]], English author and painter (d. 2013)

* 1908 – [[Robert Lee Scott, Jr.]], American pilot and general (d. 2006)

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*[[1914]] – [[Armen Alchian]], American economist and academic (d. 2013)

*[[1916]] – [[Beverly Cleary]], American author (d. 2021)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/26/books/beverly-cleary-dead.html|title=Beverly Cleary, Beloved Children's Book Author, Dies at 104|date=2021-03-26|website=The New York Times}}</ref>

* 1916 – [[Russell Garcia (composer)|Russell Garcia]], American-New ~~Zealander~~Zealand composer and conductor (d. 2011)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/russ-garcia-musician-who-worked-with-welles-and-armstrong-6269180.html |title=Russ Garcia: Musician who worked with Welles and Armstro |publisher=independent.co.uk |date= 29 November 2011|access-date=18 December 2011 |location=London |first=Steve |last=Voce}}</ref>

* 1916 – [[Benjamin Libet]], American neuropsychologist and academic (d. 2007)

*[[1917]] – [[Helen Forrest]], American singer and actress (d. 1999)

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* 1925 – [[Ned Miller]], American country music singer and songwriter (d. 2016)

* 1925 – [[Oliver Postgate]], English animator, puppeteer, and screenwriter (d. 2008)

*[[1926]] – [[Jane Withers]], American actress (d. 2021) <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/08/08/obituaries/jane-withers-dead.html|title=Jane Withers, Child Star Who Later Won Fame in Commercials, Dies at 95|date=August 8, 2021|website=New York Times|author=Aljean Harmetz|access-date=August 8, 2021}}</ref>

*[[1927]] – [[Thomas Hemsley]], English baritone (d. 2013)<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/music/2013/apr/15/thomas-hemsley | title=Thomas Hemsley obituary | work=The Guardian | author=Alan Blyth | date=April 15, 2013 | accessdate=January 17, 2017}}</ref>

* 1927 – [[Alvin Sargent]], American screenwriter (d. 2019)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.heraldscotland.com/opinion/17643574.obituary-alvin-sargent-noted-hollywood-screenwriter-who-won-two-oscars/|title = Obituary: Alvin Sargent, noted Hollywood screenwriter who won two Oscars|website=Herald Scotland| date=16 May 2019 |access-date=January 21, 2022}}</ref>

*[[1928]] – [[Hardy Krüger]], German actor (d. 2022)<ref>{{cite web | last=Bergan | first=Ronald | title=Hardy Krüger obituary | website=[[The Guardian]] | date=20 January 2022 | url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2022/jan/20/hardy-kruger-obituary | access-date=21 January 2022}}</ref>

* 1928 – [[Jean-François Paillard]], French conductor (d. 2013)

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*[[1930]] – [[John Landy]], Australian runner and politician, 26th [[Governor of Victoria]] (d. 2022)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hedge|first=Mike|date=2022-02-25|title=Athletics great John Landy dies, aged 91|url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/7636300/athletics-great-john-landy-dies-aged-91/|access-date=2022-02-25|website=The Canberra Times|language=en-AU}}</ref>

* 1930 – [[Bryan Magee]], English philosopher and politician (d. 2019)

* 1930 – [[Manuel Neri]], American sculptor and painter (d. 2021)<ref>{{Cite news |last=Williams |first=Annabelle |date=2021-11-02 |title=Manuel Neri, Figurative Sculptor With a Modern Twist, Dies at 91 |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/11/02/arts/manuel-neri-dead.html |access-date=2023-04-12 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

* 1930 – [[Manuel Neri]], American sculptor and painter▼

* 1930 – [[Pythagoras Papastamatiou]], Greek lyricist and playwright (d. 1979) <ref>{{cite web |last1=Μπαλαχούτης |first1=Κώστας |title=Ο σπουδαίος στιχουργός Πυθαγόρας |url=https://www.ogdoo.gr/prosopa/afieromata/o-spoudaios-stixourgos-pythagoras |website=ogdoo}}</ref>

* 1930 – [[Michał Życzkowski]], Polish technician and educator (d. 2006)

*[[1931]] – [[Leonid Derbenyov]], Russian poet and songwriter (d. 1995)

*[[1932]] – [[Lakshman Kadirgamar]], Sri Lankan lawyer and politician, 5th [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Sri Lanka)|Sri Lankan Minister of Foreign Affairs]] (d. 2005)

* 1932 – [[Tiny Tim (musician)|~~Tiny~~Herbert ~~Tim~~Butros Khaury]], American singer and ukulele player (d. 1996)▼

* 1932 – [[Jean-Pierre Marielle]], French actor (d. 2019)

▲* 1932 – [[Tiny Tim (musician)|Tiny Tim]], American singer and ukulele player (d. 1996)

*[[1933]] – [[Montserrat Caballé]], Spanish soprano and actress (d. 2018)

*[[1934]] – [[Heinz Schneiter]], Swiss footballer and manager (d. 2017)

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* 1940 – [[Herbie Hancock]], American pianist, composer, and bandleader

*[[1941]] – [[Bobby Moore]], English footballer and manager (d. 1993)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sporting-heroes.net/football/england/bobby-moore-5272/biography-of-england-career-and-appearances_a11960/|title=Bobby Moore|website=sporting-heroes.net|access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref>

*[[1942]] – [[Bill Bryden]], Scottish actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 2022)

* 1942 – [[Carlos Reutemann]], Argentinian race car driver and politician (d. 2021)

* 1942 – [[Jacob Zuma]], South African politician, 4th [[President of South Africa]]

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* 1948 – [[Marcello Lippi]], Italian footballer, manager, and coach

*[[1949]] – [[Scott Turow]], American lawyer and author<ref>{{cite book|author=Dave Mote|title=Contemporary Popular Writers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2MkUAQAAIAAJ|year=1997|publisher=St. James Press|isbn=978-1-55862-216-6|page=399}}</ref>

* 1949 – [[Pravin Gordhan]], South African politician (d. 2024)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Du Toit |first=Pieter |title=Pravin Gordhan, who fought state capture and twice served as finance minister, dies at 75 |url=https://www.news24.com/news24/investigations/pravin-gordhan-who-fought-state-capture-and-twice-served-as-finance-minister-dies-at-75-20240913-2 |access-date=2024-09-13 |website=News24 |language=en-US}}</ref>

*[[1950]] – [[Flavio Briatore]], Italian businessman<ref>{{cite book|title=Who's who in Italy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIcOAQAAMAAJ|year=1994|publisher=Who's Who in Italy|isbn=978-88-85246-67-6|page=285}}</ref>▼

* [[1950 ]] – [[Joyce Banda]], Malawian politician, 4th president of Malawi<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joyce-Hilda-Banda|title=Joyce Hilda Banda {{!}} president of Malawi|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2018-02-19|language=en}}</ref>▼

▲*[[ 1950]] – [[Flavio Briatore]], Italian businessman<ref>{{cite book|title=Who's who in Italy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dIcOAQAAMAAJ|year=1994|publisher=Who's Who in Italy|isbn=978-88-85246-67-6|page=285}}</ref>

* 1950 – [[David Cassidy]], American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2017)

* 1950 – [[~~Nick~~Nicholas Sackman]], English composer and educator▼

▲* 1950 – [[Joyce Banda]], Malawian politician, 4th president of Malawi<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Joyce-Hilda-Banda|title=Joyce Hilda Banda {{!}} president of Malawi|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=2018-02-19|language=en}}</ref>

▲* 1950 – [[Nick Sackman]], English composer and educator

*[[1951]] – [[Tom Noonan]], American actor

*[[1952]] – [[Reuben Gant]], American football player

Line 222 ⟶ 231:

*[[1963]] – [[Lydia Cacho]], Mexican journalist and author

*[[1964]] – [[Chris Fairclough]], English footballer and coach<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=2403|title=Chris Fairclough|website=soccerbase.com|access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref>

* ~~1965~~1964 – [[Amy Ray]], American folk-rock singer-songwriter, musician, and music producer

*[[1965]] – [[Kim Bodnia]], Danish actor and director

* 1965 – [[Chi Onwurah]], English politician

Line 233 ⟶ 242:

* 1968 – [[Toby Gad]], German songwriter and producer

* 1968 – [[Adam Graves]], Canadian ice hockey player

*[[1969]] – [[~~Jörn~~Michael ~~Lenz~~Jackson (wide receiver)|Michael Jackson]], ~~German~~American ~~footballer~~football player and ~~manager~~politician (d. 2017)

* ~~1994~~1969 – [[~~Guido~~Jörn ~~Rodríguez~~Lenz]], ~~Argentine~~German footballer and manager▼

* 1969 – [[Lucas Radebe]], South African footballer and sportscaster

* 1969 – [[Michael Jackson (wide receiver)|Michael Jackson]], American football player and politician (d. 2017)

*[[1970]] – [[Sylvain Bouchard]], Canadian speed skater

*[[1971]] – [[Nicholas Brendon]], American actor

* 1971 – [[Shannen Doherty]], American actress, director, and producer (d. 2024)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shannen Doherty, known for Charmed, 90210 roles, dead at 53 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cxx2rj467npo |access-date=2024-07-14 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en-GB}}</ref>

*[[1972]] – [[Paul Lo Duca]], American baseball player and sportscaster

*[[1973]] – [[J. Scott Campbell]], American author and illustrator

Line 248 ⟶ 257:

* 1974 – [[Roman Hamrlík]], Czech ice hockey player

* 1974 – [[Marley Shelton]], American actress

*[[ 1974]] – [[Sylvinho]], Brazilian footballer and manager

*[[1976]] – [[Olga Kotlyarova]], Russian runner

* 1976 – [[Brad Miller (basketball)|Brad Miller]], American basketball player

Line 255 ⟶ 264:

* 1977 – [[Jason Price]], Welsh footballer

* 1977 – [[Glenn Rogers]], Australian-Scottish cricketer

*[[1978]] – [[Guy Berryman]], Scottish bassist ([[Coldplay]])<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023 |title=Latest Coldplay News |url=https://www.capitalfm.com/artists/coldplay/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230227022423/https://www.capitalfm.com/artists/coldplay/ |archive-date=27 February 2023 |access-date=27 February 2023 |website=Capital FM |type=Press the "View More" button on the "Facts" column}}</ref>

*[[1978]] – [[Guy Berryman]], Scottish bass player and producer

* 1978 – [[Scott Crary]], American director, producer, and screenwriter

* 1978 – [[Svetlana Lapina]], Russian high jumper

Line 281 ⟶ 290:

* 1986 – [[Marcel Granollers]], Spanish tennis player

* 1986 – [[Jonathan Pitroipa]], Burkinabé footballer

*[[1987]] – [[~~Brooklyn~~Luiz ~~Decker~~Adriano]], ~~American~~Brazilian ~~model~~professional ~~and actress~~footballer

▲* ~~1930~~1987 – [[~~Manuel~~Brooklyn ~~Neri~~Decker]], American ~~sculptor~~model and ~~painter~~actress

* 1987 – [[Shawn Gore]], Canadian football player

* 1987 – [[Josh McCrone]], Australian rugby league player

* 1987 – [[Luiz Adriano]], Brazilian professional footballer▼

* 1987 – [[Brendon Urie]], American singer, songwriter, musician and multi-instrumentalist

*[[1988]] – [[Ricky Álvarez]], Argentinian footballer

Line 290 ⟶ 299:

* 1988 – [[Amedeo Calliari]], Italian footballer

* 1988 – [[Jessie James Decker]], American singer-songwriter

* 1988 – [[Moamen Zakaria]], Egyptian footballer<ref>{{cite web |title=Moamen Zakaria - Player Profile - Football |url=https://www.eurosport.com/football/moamen-zakaria_prs266382/person.shtml |website=Eurosport |access-date=28 October 2023}}</ref>

*[[1989]] – [[Bethan Dainton]], Welsh rugby union player

* 1989 – [[Miguel Ángel Ponce]], American-Mexican footballer▼

* 1989 – [[Ádám Hanga]], Hungarian basketball player

* 1989 – [[~~Kaitlyn~~Miguel ~~Weaver~~Ángel Ponce]], ~~Canadian-~~American-Mexican ~~ice dancer~~footballer

* 1989 – [[Valentin Stocker]], Swiss footballer

▲* 1989 – [[~~Miguel~~Kaitlyn ~~Ángel Ponce~~Weaver]], ~~American~~Canadian-~~Mexican~~American ice ~~footballer~~dancer

*[[1990]] – [[Francesca Halsall]], English swimmer

* 1990 – [[Hiroki Sakai]], Japanese footballer

*[[1991]] – [[~~Torey~~Lionel ~~Krug~~Carole]], ~~American~~French ~~ice~~professional ~~hockey~~footballer ~~player~~

* 1991 – [[~~Lionel~~Torey ~~Carole~~Krug]], ~~French~~American ~~professional~~ice ~~footballer~~hockey player

* 1991 – [[Oliver Norwood]], English born Northern Irish international footballer<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.soccerbase.com/players/player.sd?player_id=56994|title=Oliver Norwood|website=soccerbase.com|access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref>

* 1991 – [[Magnus Pääjärvi]], Swedish ice hockey player

Line 306 ⟶ 316:

* 1993 – [[Jordan Archer (goalkeeper, born 1993)|Jordan Archer]], English-Scottish footballer

* 1993 – [[Ryan Nugent-Hopkins]], Canadian ice hockey player<ref>{{cite web|url=http://whl.ca/players/25367|title=Ryan Nugent-Hopkins|website=Western Hockey League|access-date=27 February 2019}}</ref>

*[[1994]] – [[~~Isabelle~~Eric ~~Drummond~~Bailly]], ~~Brazilian~~Ivorian ~~actress~~professional ~~and singer~~footballer

* 1994 – [[Isabelle Drummond]], Brazilian actress and singer

▲* ~~1987~~1994 – [[~~Luiz~~Guido ~~Adriano~~Rodríguez]], ~~Brazilian professional~~Argentine footballer

* 1994 – [[Saoirse Ronan]], American-born Irish actress

* 1994 – [[Oh Se-hun (entertainer)|Oh Sehun]], South Korean musician

* ~~1994~~ [[1995]] – [[~~Eric~~Pedro ~~Bailly~~Cachin]], ~~Ivorian~~Argentine ~~professional~~tennis ~~footballer~~player

▲* 1994 – [[Guido Rodríguez]], Argentine footballer

*[[1995]] – [[Pedro Cachín]], Argentine tennis player

*[[1996]] – [[Matteo Berrettini]], Italian tennis player<ref>{{Cite web |title=Matteo Berrettini {{!}} Overview {{!}} ATP Tour {{!}} Tennis |url=https://www.atptour.com/en/players/matteo-berrettini/bk40/overview |access-date=2022-10-23 |website=ATP Tour}}</ref>

* 1996 – [[Elizaveta Kulichkova]], Russian tennis player

Line 329 ⟶ 339:

*[[1530]] – [[Joanna La Beltraneja]], Princess of Castile (b. 1462)

*[[1550]] – [[Claude, Duke of Guise]] (b. 1496)

*[[1555]] – [[Joanna of Castile|Joanna]], ~~nominal~~ Queen of Castile~~, Aragon~~ and ~~so on~~Aragon (b. 1479)

===1601–1900===

*[[1675]] – [[Richard Bennett (Governor)|Richard Bennett]], English politician, [[List of colonial governors of Virginia|colonial Governor of Virginia]] (b. 1609)

Line 346 ⟶ 357:

*[[1878]] – [[William M. Tweed]], American lawyer and politician (b. 1823)

*[[1879]] – [[Richard Taylor (Confederate general)|Richard Taylor]], Confederate general (b. 1826)

*[[1885]] – [[William Crowther (Australian politician)|William Crowther]], Dutch-Australian politician, 14th [[Premier of Tasmania]] (b. 1817)<ref>{{cite ~~book~~Australian Dictionary of Biography |last1=Crowther |first1=W. E. L. H. |title=Crowther, William Lodewyk (1817–1885) |~~url~~id2=~~http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/~~crowther-william-lodewyk-3297 ~~|website=Australian Dictionary of Biography |publisher=adb.anu.edu.au~~ |access-date=18 August 2019}}</ref>

*[[1898]] – [[Elzéar-Alexandre Taschereau]], Canadian cardinal (b. 1820)

===1901–present===

*[[1902]] – [[Marie Alfred Cornu]], French physicist and academic (b. 1842)

Line 409 ⟶ 421:

* 2015 – [[Alfred Eick]], German commander (b. 1916)

* 2015 – [[André Mba Obame]], Gabonese politician (b. 1957)

*[[2016]] – [[~~Anne~~Mohammad ~~Jackson~~Al Gaz]], ~~American~~Emirati politician & ~~actress~~diplomat (b. ~~1925~~1930)

*[[ 2016]] – [[~~Mohammad~~Anne ~~Al Gaz~~Jackson]], ~~Emirati~~American ~~politician & diplomat~~actress (b. ~~1930~~1925)

*[[2017]] – [[Charlie Murphy (actor)|Charlie Murphy]], American actor and comedian (b. 1959)

*[[2020]] – [[Tarvaris Jackson]], American football player (b. 1983)<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pattra |first1=Kevin |title=Former NFL QB Tarvaris Jackson dies in car crash |url=~~http~~https://www.nfl.com/news~~/story/0ap3000001109122/article~~/former-nfl-qb-tarvaris-jackson-dies-in-car-crash-0ap3000001109122 |website=NFL |access-date=13 April 2020}}</ref>

*[[2021]] – [[Joseph Siravo]], American actor and producer (b. 1955)<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-04-12|title=Joseph Siravo: The Sopranos and Jersey Boys star dies aged 64|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-56716261|access-date=2021-04-12}}</ref>

*[[2022]] – [[Gilbert Gottfried]], American comedian, actor, and singer (b. 1955)<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hamedy |first=Saba |title=Gilbert Gottfried, iconic comedian, dies at 67 after long illness |website=[[NBC News]] |date=23 May 2022 |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/pop-culture/celebrity/gilbert-gottfried-iconic-comedian-dies-67-long-illness-rcna24111}}</ref>

*[[2024]] – [[Roberto Cavalli]], Italian fashion designer and inventor (b. 1940)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Roberto Cavalli, Italian Fashion Designer, Dead at 83: 'A Life Lived with Love' |url=https://people.com/fashion-designer-roberto-cavalli-dead-at-83-8630881 |access-date=2024-04-12 |website=Peoplemag |language=en}}</ref>

* 2024 – [[Eleanor Coppola]], American filmmaker (b. 1936)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-12 |title=Eleanor Coppola, matriarch of a filmmaking family, dies at 87 |url=https://apnews.com/article/eleanor-coppola-dead-d1174964d8fef8a1b63ced6a9387f62b |access-date=2024-04-13 |website=AP News |language=en}}</ref>

* 2024 – [[Robert MacNeil]], Canadian-American journalist and author (b. 1931)<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/04/12/business/media/robert-macneil-dead.html|title=Robert MacNeil, Earnest News Anchor for PBS, Dies at 93|last=Jensen|first=Elizabeth|newspaper=The New York Times|date=April 12, 2024}}</ref>

Line 434 ⟶ 449:

* [[Halifax Day]] ([[North Carolina]])

* [[National Redemption Day]] ([[Liberia]])

* [[God Birthday]]

==References==