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The '''Chortomlyk Sich''' (also Old Sich) iswas a [[Zaporozhian Sichsich]] founded by the [[Zaporozhian Cossacks|Cossacks]] led by [[kish otaman]] Fedir Lutay in the summer of 1652 on the right bank of the Chortomlyk distributary of the [[Dnieper|the Dnieper]] near modernthe current village of [[Kapulivka]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Стара Січ на Чортомлику|url=https://www.dnipro.libr.dp.ua/Kraeznavchi_doslidzhennya_Zaporizki_volnosti_sich|access-date=2020-06-11|website=www.dnipro.libr.dp.ua|language=uk}}</ref>
The Sich lasted until May 25, 1709, when it was destroyed by the [[Tsardom of Russia|Moscow]]'s punitive expedition undertaken in response to athe support of Hetman [[Ivan Mazepa]] by the of Zaporozhian Cossacks.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Gazeta.ua|date=2020-05-23|title=Як знищили Чортомлицьку Січ|url=https://gazeta.ua/articles/history/_ak-znischili-cortomlicku-sich/966616|access-date=2020-06-11|website=Gazeta.ua|language=uk}}</ref>
== History ==
During the [[Khmelnytsky Uprising]], Chortomlyk Sich effectively guarded the then southern borders of Ukraine. Cossacks of the Sich took part in the [[Bohdan Khmelnytsky]]i's campaigns, excelling in the [[Battle of Zhvanets|battles of Zhvanets]] (1653), [[Battle of Horodok (1655)|Horodok]] (1655), during the second siege of [[Lviv]] (1655), etc.▼
[[File:Похід кошового отамана Івана Сірка на Крим.jpg|thumb|Ivan Sirko's Crimean military campaign]]
▲During the [[Khmelnytsky Uprising]], Chortomlyk Sich effectively guarded then southern borders of Ukraine. Cossacks of the Sich took part in the [[Bohdan Khmelnytsky]]i's campaigns, excelling in the [[Battle of Zhvanets|battles of Zhvanets]] (1653), [[Battle of Horodok (1655)|Horodok]] (1655), during the second siege of [[Lviv]] (1655), etc.
The national recognition of the Chortomlyk Sich spread during the time of kish otaman [[Ivan Sirko]] (1659—1680), who lived exclusively in the Chortomlyk Sichsich for 17 years and was elected a kish otaman more than 15 times,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2017-11-19|title=9 життів Івана Сірка|url=https://artefact.org.ua/history/9-zhittiv-ivana-sirka.html|access-date=2020-06-11|website=Артефакт|language=uk}}</ref> favoring his military merits. In particular, he became famous for the defeat of the 60,000-strong Ottoman-Tatar army, which suddenly attacked Chortomlyk Sich on New Year's Eve in 1675;<ref>{{Cite web|title=Відзначення 360-річчя заснування Чортомлицької Січі та вшанування кошового отамана І.Сірка|url=http://www.solor.gov.ua/info/4/4679|access-date=2020-06-11|website=www.solor.gov.ua}}</ref> as well as the Crimean campaign of 1676, when the Cossacks led by Sirko for the first time forcedcrossed controlled by Crimean tatarsthe [[Syvash|Syvash bay]] and defeatedthreatened the Khan's capital Bakhchisarai[[Bakhchysarai]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Basilevsky|first=Alexander|url=https://books.google.com.ua/books?id=oa_uCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA320&lpg=PA320&dq|title=Early Ukraine: A Military and Social History to the Mid-19th Century|date=2016-03-28|publisher=McFarland|year=|isbn=978-0-7864-9714-0|location=|pages=|language=en}}</ref>
After the defeat of Ivan Mazepa and his supporters at the [[Battle of Poltava]] in 1709, the Chortomlyk Sich was destroyed by the MoscowMoscovite armed forces together with the capital of [[Cossack Hetmanate]], [[Sack of Baturyn|Baturyn]]<ref>{{Cite web|title=Тарас Чухліб. Західна Європа про Мазепу|url=http://www.mazepa.name/biograph/mazepa13.html|access-date=2020-06-11|website=www.mazepa.name}}</ref> and other Ukrainian cities.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Zaporozhian Sich|url=http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CZ%5CA%5CZaporozhianSich.htm|access-date=2020-06-11|website=www.encyclopediaofukraine.com}}</ref>
== References ==
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[[Category:Zaporozhian Host]]
[[Category:History of the Cossacks in Ukraine]]
[[Category:Early Modernmodern history of Ukraine]]
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