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{{See also|Chumash Revolt of 1824}}
The SpaniardPortuguese [[Juan Cabrillo]] was the first European to make contact with the coastal Alta Californian tribes in the year 1542.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Spanish California {{!}} Early California History: An Overview {{!}} Articles and Essays {{!}} California as I Saw It: First-Person Narratives of California's Early Years, 1849–1900 {{!}} Digital Collections {{!}} Library of Congress|url=https://www.loc.gov/collections/california-first-person-narratives/articles-and-essays/early-california-history/spanish-california/|access-date=2020-08-18|website=Library of Congress}}</ref> Cabrillo died and was buried on San Miguel Island, but his men brought back a diary that contained the names and population counts for many Chumash villages, such as [[Mikiw]]. Spain claimed what is now California from that time forward, but did not return to settle until 1769, when the first Spanish soldiers and missionaries arrived with the double purpose of [[Christianization|Christianizing]] the Native Americans and facilitating Spanish colonization. By the end of 1770, missions and military [[presidio]]s had been founded at [[San Diego]] to the south of Chumash lands and [[Monterey]] to their north.<ref>Brown 1967</ref>
With the arrival of the Europeans "came a series of unprecedented blows to the Chumash and their traditional lifeways. Anthropologists, historians, and other scholars have long been interested in documenting the collision of cultures that accompanied the European exploration and colonization of the Americas."<ref name="Newton 4162"/> Spain settled on the territory of the Chumash in 1770. They founded colonies, [[Spanish missions in California|bringing in missionaries to begin evangelizing Native Americans in the region]] by forcing Chumash villages into numerous missions springing up along the coast.
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