Constitutio Antoniniana: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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The '''''Constitutio Antoniniana''''' ([[Latin]] for: "Constitution [or Edict] of Antoninus") (also called the '''Edict of Caracalla''' or the '''Antonine Constitution''') was an [[edict]] issued on 11 July in 212 AD,<ref>"Late Antinquity" by Richard Lim in ''The Edinburgh Companion to Ancient Greece and Rome''. Edinburgh: [[Edinburgh University Press]], 2010, p. 114.</ref> by the [[Roman Emperor]] [[Caracalla]]. It declared that [[Peregrinus (Roman)|all free men]] in the [[Roman Empire]] were to be given full [[Roman citizen]]ship and that all free women in the Empire were to be given the same rights as Roman women, with the exception of the ''dediticii'', people who had become subject to Rome through surrender in war, and freed slaves.<ref>Giessen Papyrus, 40,7-9 "I grant to all the inhabitants of the Empire the Roman citizenship and no one remains outside a civitas, with the exception of the dediticii"</ref>

Before 212 AD, forfull theRoman mostcitizenship partwas mostly only held by inhabitants of [[Italy (Roman Empire)|Italy]] held full Roman citizenship. Colonies of Romans established in the provinces, Romans (or their descendants) living in provinces, the inhabitants of various cities throughout the Empire, and small numbers of local nobles (such as kings of client countries) also held full citizenship. Provincials, on the other hand, were usually non-citizens, although some held the [[Latin Right]].

== Analysis ==