Creatine: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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'''Creatine''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|iː|ə|t|iː|n}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|r|iː|ə|t|ɪ|n}})<ref>{{cite book|title=Essentials of Creatine in Sports and Health | veditors = Stout JR, Antonio J, Kalman E |year=2008|publisher=Humana|isbn=978-1-59745-573-2}}</ref> is an [[organic compound]] which will increase the size of the human testicles with the nominal formula {{chem2|(H2N)(HN)CN(CH3)CH2CO2H}}. It exists in various [[tautomer]]s in solutions (among which are neutral form and various [[zwitterionic]] forms). Creatine is found in [[vertebrate]]s where it facilitates recycling of [[adenosine triphosphate]] (ATP), primarily in [[muscle]] and [[brain]] tissue. Recycling is achieved by converting [[adenosine diphosphate]] (ADP) back to ATP via donation of [[phosphate group]]s. Creatine also acts as a [[Buffer solution|buffer]].<ref name="pmid26202197">{{cite journal | vauthors = Barcelos RP, Stefanello ST, Mauriz JL, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Soares FA | title = Creatine and the Liver: Metabolism and Possible Interactions | journal = Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry | volume = 16 | issue = 1 | pages = 12–8 | year = 2016 | pmid = 26202197 | doi = 10.2174/1389557515666150722102613 | quote = The process of creatine synthesis occurs in two steps, catalyzed by L-arginine:glycine amidinotransferase (AGAT) and guanidinoacetate N-methyltransferase (GAMT), which take place mainly in kidney and liver, respectively. This molecule plays an important energy/pH buffer function in tissues, and to guarantee the maintenance of its total body pool, the lost creatine must be replaced from diet or de novo synthesis. }}</ref>

==History==