Dera Ghazi Khan: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia
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| elevation_m = 123
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| population_total = 399494,064464
| population_as_of = [[20172023 Census of Pakistan|20172023]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name="DISTRICT WISE CENSUS RESULTS CENSUS 2017">{{cite web|url=http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/DISTRICT_WISE_CENSUS_RESULTS_CENSUS_2017.pdf|title=DISTRICT WISE CENSUS RESULTS CENSUS 2017|publisher=pbscensus.gov.pk|access-date=2017-09-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170829164748/http://www.pbscensus.gov.pk/sites/default/files/DISTRICT_WISE_CENSUS_RESULTS_CENSUS_2017.pdf|archive-date=2017-08-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank = [[List of largest cities in Pakistan|19th23th, Pakistan]]
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'''Dera Ghazi Khan''' ([[Urdu]]: {{Nastaliq|ڈیرہ غازی خان}}), abbreviated as '''D.G. Khan''', is a city in the southwestern part of [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. It is the [[List of most populous cities in Pakistan|19th23th most populous city of Pakistan.]]<ref name="Populationas city"of 2023.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pakistan: Provinces and Major Cities - Population Statistics, Maps, Charts, Weather and Web Information |url=httphttps://www.tageocitypopulation.comde/en/pakistan/index-e-pk-cities-PK.htm|title=Pakistan/ City & Town Population List|access-date=292024-08-30 September 2017|publisherwebsite=Tageowww.com websitecitypopulation.de}}</ref> Lying west of the [[Indus River]], it is the headquarters of [[Dera Ghazi Khan District]] and [[Dera Ghazi Khan Division]]. Punjab Pakistan
==History==
===Foundation===
{{See also|Derajat|History of Multan|History of Punjab|History of Sindh}}▼
{{Unreferenced section|date=October 2021}}
Dera Ghazi Khan is named after a [[Dodai tribe|Dodai]] chieftain [[Ghazi Khan]], son of Haji Khan Mirani. It was founded inat the end of 15th century when [[Baloch people|Baloch]] tribes were invited to settle the region by Shah Husein, of the [[Husseyn Langah Sultanate]]I|Shah of [[MultanHusein]], andthe was named aftersecond [[Ghazi Khan]], son ofLangah Haji Khan Mirani who was a [[Dodai tribeSultanate|DodaiLangah Sultan]] chieftain. Dera Ghazi Khan region was part of [[Subah of Multan|Multan province]] of the [[Mughal Empire]] between the 16th and 18th centuries.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dasti |first=Humaira Faiz |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kH3jAAAAMAAJ&q=multan+a+province+of+mughal |title=Multan, a Province of the Mughal Empire, 1525-1751 |date=1998 |publisher=Royal Book |isbn=978-969-407-226-5 |language=en}}</ref>▼
Fifteen generations of [[Mirani (clan)|Mirani]]s ruled the area till the 19th century. In the beginning of the 19th century, Zaman Khan was the ruler of Dera Ghazi Khan under [[Kabul]]. HeThe wasarea laterwas attackedinvaded by the [[Sikh Khalsa Army|Sikh Army]] from Multan, under the command of [[Khushal Singh Jamadar|Khushal Singh]], general of [[Ranjit Singh]] in 1819 and thus Dera Ghazi Khan came under the Sikh rule.<ref>{{cite book |last=Latif |first= Syed Muhammad |date=1891 |title=History Of The Panjab |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.34649/page/n444/mode/1up |publisher=Calcutta Central Press Company Limited |page=419 |access-date=2009-11-29 }}</ref><ref>=The Panjab Chiefs |Published= 1890</ref> and thus Dera Ghazi Khan came under Sikh rule. ▼
▲Dera Ghazi Khan was founded in the end of 15th century when [[Baloch people|Baloch]] tribes were invited to settle the region by Shah Husein, of the [[Langah Sultanate]] of [[Multan]], and was named after [[Ghazi Khan]], son of Haji Khan Mirani who was a [[Dodai tribe|Dodai]] chieftain. Dera Ghazi Khan region was part of Multan province of the [[Mughal Empire]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Dasti |first=Humaira Faiz |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kH3jAAAAMAAJ&q=multan+a+province+of+mughal |title=Multan, a Province of the Mughal Empire, 1525-1751 |date=1998 |publisher=Royal Book |isbn=978-969-407-226-5 |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Jamadar Khushal Singh. Watercolour by a Company artist, Punjab, ca.1865.jpg|thumb|[[Khushal Singh Jamadar]], ChamberlainMilitary Officer of [[Sikh Empire]]]]▼
Fifteen generations of Miranis had ruled the area.
▲In the beginning of the 19th century, Zaman Khan was the ruler of Dera Ghazi Khan under [[Kabul]]. He was later attacked by the [[Sikh Khalsa Army|Sikh Army]] from Multan, under the command of [[Khushal Singh Jamadar|Khushal Singh]] general of [[Ranjit Singh]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Latif |first= Syed Muhammad |date=1891 |title=History Of The Panjab |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.34649/page/n444/mode/1up |publisher=Calcutta Central Press Company Limited |page=419 |access-date=2009-11-29 }}</ref><ref>=The Panjab Chiefs |Published= 1890</ref> and thus Dera Ghazi Khan came under Sikh rule.
▲{{See also|Derajat|History of Multan|History of Punjab|History of Sindh}}
▲[[File:Jamadar Khushal Singh. Watercolour by a Company artist, Punjab, ca.1865.jpg|thumb|[[Khushal Singh Jamadar]], Chamberlain of [[Sikh Empire]]]]
===Post independence===
After the success of the [[Pakistan Movement]], which led to the independence of [[Pakistan]] in 1947, the minoritymany [[Hindu]]s and [[Sikh]]s [[Human migration|migrated]] to [[India]] while many [[Muslim]] refugees from [[India]] settled down in the [[Dera Ghazi Khan District]]. Many Hindus and Sikhs from Dera Ghazi Khan settled in [[Delhi]] and founded [[Derawal Nagar]] along with the migrants from [[Dera Ismail Khan]].<ref name="The Tribune - Derawal Nagar">{{cite web|url = http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030319/ncr1.htm| title = Colonies, posh and model in name only!|publisher = NCR Tribune|access-date = 16 December 2007}}</ref>
==Geography and climate==
Dera Ghazi Khan is located at 30'03" N and 70'38" E. The overall climate of the city is dry with littlesemi rainfallarid. The winter is mild and dry, but it is very hot and rainy in summer. The average high during summer is about {{convert|107|°F|°C|abbr=on}}, while during winter the average low is {{convert|40|°F|°C|abbr=on}}. The prevailing wind direction is north–south. Due to the barren mountains of [[Sulaiman Mountains|Koh-Suleman]] and the sandy soil of the area, windstorms are common in the summer. During summer, the temperatures are generally amongst the highest in Pakistan. [[Fort Munro]], located on the edge of Punjab Provinceprovince, has relatively cooler weather. In winter, scattered snowfall has been reported in high elevated areas of Koh e Sulaiman.
{{Weather box
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|Mar precipitation mm = 34.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 21.7
|May precipitation mm = 1727.2
|Jun precipitation mm = 1438.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 6099.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 5787.5
|Sep precipitation mm = 1737.6
|Oct precipitation mm = 4.8
|Nov precipitation mm = 2.1
|Dec precipitation mm = 1019.48
|Jan sun = 222.2
|Feb sun = 206.8
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===Colleges===
* Ghazi University is a university in Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan. The university was established in 2012 aton the initiative of the Chief Minister of the Punjab Muhammad Shahbaz Sharif. It is named after Baloch mercenary Ghazi Khan. The university is situated in the center of city near pull daat and college chock. Since its inception, GU has been operated only on additional charge basis. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Tufail (TI) assumed the charge as a permanent Vice Chancellor (VC), on Sept. 18, 2018. Major infrastructure and development process started in university after Chief Minister Usman Buzdar held the CM officeuniversity in 2018. Multiple projects worth million of rupees were initiated on special initiative of CM Usman Buzdar.
* Mir Chaker Khan Rind University of Technology MCUT is public sector Engineering University providing Engineering education in various discipline of Technology. It is necessary in public interest to make provisions for the establishment of Mir Chakar Khan Rind University of Technology in Dera Ghazi Khan to promote research and development for purposes of producing high quality technical human resource to cope with the present day requirements. University was established on directions of CM Usman Buzdar
* College of Agriculture, DG Khan Sub-Campus University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. (CADGK)<ref>{{cite web|title=CADGK – College of Agriculture, D. G. Khan|url=http://www.uaf.edu.pk/employees/employees.aspx?param=FAC&id=9|publisher=University of Agriculture, Faisalabad|access-date=26 January 2014}}</ref>
* Indus International Institute: It is affiliated with [[National College of Business Administration and Economics]] has been established by private sector.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indusdgk.edu.pk/ |title=Indus International Institute |publisher=Indusdgk.edu.pk |date=11 December 2011 |access-date=8 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510031007/http://indusdgk.edu.pk/ |archive-date=10 May 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> For the needs of remote area students, the institute has its own buses to facilitate the transport availability for the students. Indus institute has a library and Computer Lab as well.
[[File:UE DG Khan.jpg|thumb|University of Education, Dera Ghazi Khan campus]]
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* [[Govt. Institute of Technology]]: It is situated at airport road, and is one of the biggest institutes in the region offering diploma and BTech classes in more than ten technologies in morning and evening shifts. Diploma courses in technologies are Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, Auto-mechanical, Petroleum, Chemical, Petrochemical, I.T. and Computer etc.
* [[Cadet college fort munro]]: It is situated at N-70 Quetta road in fort munro , a only beautiful hill station of south Punjab, state of the art building under PAKISTAN AIR FORCE.
===Universities===
{{See also|Ghazi University}}
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Most people are Sunni Muslims. The majority of the population is poor but they have been ruled by the rich landlords and chiefs of [[Baloch tribes]] which played a significant role in the national and provincial politics.
Some of these [[Feudalism in Pakistan|feudals]] use the title [[Sardar]] for themselves, including theformer Chief Minister of Punjab [[Sardar Usman Buzdar|Usman Buzdar]], former President of Pakistan [[Farooq Leghari]], Governors of the Punjab [[Zulfiqar Ali Khosa]] and [[Latif Khosa]], [[Sardar Mir Badshah Qaisrani|Mir Badshah Qaisrani]], Sardar of the Malghani Balouch tribe, Chief Minister of Punjab [[Dost Muhammad Khosa]], Chief Secretary of Punjab, Nasir Mehmood Khosa, Former Inspector General Police of Punjab, Tariq Khosa, and Supreme Court Judge Asif Khosa.
The city is one of the oldest districts in South Asia. Dera Ghazi Khan did not develop like other cities in Punjab. Based on the surveys of 2004–2005, Dera Ghazi Khan district is considered one of the twenty poorest districts of Pakistan with about 51% of its population living below the poverty line.<ref name="Haroon Jamal">{{Cite report|author=Haroon Jamal |date=June 2007 |title=Income Poverty at District Level: An Application of Small Area Estimation Technique |url=http://www.spdc.org.pk/Publications/Research%20Reports/rr70.pdf |publisher=Social Policy and Development Centre |pages=15–18 |access-date=28 January 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201202937/http://www.spdc.org.pk/Publications/Research%20Reports/rr70.pdf |archive-date=1 February 2014}}</ref>
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== Notable people ==
* [[Niaz Ahmad Akhtar]] (Pakistani Academicacademic)
* [[Farooq Leghari]] (former President of Pakistan)
* [[Mohsin Naqvi]] (Poet)
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* [[Amjad Farooq Khan]] (MNA)
* [[Zulfiqar Ali Khosa]] (former Governor of Punjab)
* [[Sardar Dost Muhammad Khosa|Dost Muhammad Khosa]] (former Chief Minister of Punjab)
* [[Tauqeer Nasir]] (Actor)
* [[Hafiz Abdul Kareem]] (MNA)
* [[Awais Leghari|Sardar Awais Ahmed Leghari]] (MPA, former MNA)
* [[Sardar Usman Buzdar|Usman Buzdar]] (Former Chief Minister of Punjab)
* [[Zartaj Gul]] (MNA) FederalFormer Minister Forfor Climate Change
* [[Jamal Leghari]] (former MPA, Punjab Assembly)
* [[Imran Rafiq]]( Pakistani cricketer)
==Press and media==