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===Border Disputes with Yugoslavia===
{{main|Albanian–Yugoslav border conflict (1948–1954)}}
In 1948, a [[Albanian–Yugoslav border conflict (1948–1954)|border conflict]] erupted between [[People's Socialist Republic of Albania|Albania]] and [[Yugoslavia]]. [[Enver Hoxha]] and the [[Sigurimi|Albanian Military Intelligence services]], the Sigurimi, played a significant role in promoting [[Separatism|separatism]] in [[Kosovo]] and the idea of a "[[Greater Albania]]."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Perritt |first=Henry H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SlHqkxGk4Q8C&dq=Early+Planners+in+Exile%2C+encouraged+sporadically+by+Enver+Hoxha%27s+Albanian+intelligence+services%2C+worked+hard+at+developing+support+for+an+independent+Kosovo+but+were+largely+regarded+as+radical+movements+on+the+political+fringes.&pg=PA22 |title=Kosovo Liberation Army: The Inside Story of an Insurgency |date=2010-10-01 |publisher=University of Illinois Press |isbn=978-0-252-09213-8 |language=en|quote=Early Planners in Exile, encouraged sporadically by Enver Hoxha's Albanian intelligence services, worked hard at developing support for an independent Kosovo but were largely regarded as radical movements on the political fringes.}}</ref> Hoxha supported separatist movements and helped garner support for an independent Kosovo among Albanians in Yugoslavia. On February 19, 1949, Albania accused Yugoslavia of "border provocations."{{cn|date=June 2024}} Two days later, Yugoslavia accused Albania of firing across the border 16 times, detaining Yugoslav citizens on 10 occasions, conducting numerous flights over Yugoslav territory, allowing Albanian patrols to cross the border, and permitting an Albanian naval vessel to enter Yugoslav waters since July 1948. A total of 649 border incidents were reported, resulting in 34 deaths.{{cn|date=June 2024}} Hoxha's regime was accused of instigating these incidents since 1948, and the Albanian Minister of the Interior, [[Mehmet Shehu]], was allegedly in charge of the frontier incidents.{{cn|date=June 2024}}
By 1949, the US and British intelligence organisations were working with the former King Zog and the mountain men of his personal guard. They recruited Albanian refugees and émigrés from Egypt, Italy and Greece, trained them in Cyprus, Malta and the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany), and infiltrated them into Albania. [[Operation Valuable|Guerrilla units entered Albania in 1950 and 1952]], but they were killed or captured by Albanian security forces. [[Kim Philby]], a Soviet double agent working as a liaison officer between [[Secret Intelligence Service|MI6]] and the [[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]], had leaked details of the infiltration plan to Moscow, and the security breach claimed the lives of about 300 infiltrators.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Fusonie |first1=Alan Edward M. |title=Charles Telford Erickson: American Friend of Albania |date=1970 |publisher=Catholic University of America |page=171 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e50qAQAAIAAJ |access-date=10 August 2021}}</ref>
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