GameMaker: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia
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Line 1: {{Short description|Game creation system}} {{About|the software by YoYo Games for Microsoft Windows and macOS
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2018}} {{Infobox | title = GameMaker | logo = GameMaker Logo.svg | author = [[Mark Overmars]] | developer = [[YoYo Games]] | released = {{ | discontinued = | latest release version = | latest release date = {{Nowrap|{{ | programming language = {{hlist|[[C++]] ([[Runtime system|runtime]])|[[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]] ([[Integrated development environment|IDE]])}} | operating system = {{hlist|[[Microsoft Windows]]|[[macOS]]}} Line 22 ⟶ 21: '''GameMaker''' (originally '''Animo''', '''Game Maker''' ''(until 2011)'' and '''GameMaker Studio''') is a series of [[cross-platform]] [[game engine]]s created by [[Mark Overmars]] in 1999 and developed by [[YoYo Games]] since 2007. The latest iteration of ''GameMaker'' was released in 2022. GameMaker accommodates the creation of [[cross-platform]] and multi-genre [[video game]]s using a custom drag-and-drop [[visual programming language]] or a [[scripting language]] known as Game Maker Language (GML), which can be used to develop more advanced games that could not be created just by using the visual programming features. GameMaker was originally designed to allow novice [[computer programmers]] to be able to make computer games without much programming knowledge by use of these actions. Recent versions of software also focus on appealing to advanced developers.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dM-9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA3|title=The GameMaker Standard |last1=Vinciguerra |first1=David |last2=Howell |first2=Andrew |date=16 October 2015 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=978-1-317-51469-5}}</ref> == Overview == GameMaker is primarily intended for making games with [[2D computer graphics|2D]] graphics, allowing [[Out of the box (feature)|out-of-box]] use of [[raster graphics]], [[vector graphics]] (via [[SWF]]),<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/309594/GameMaker_Studio_2_gets_new_lowcost_Creators_Edition.php |title=GameMaker Studio 2 gets new low-cost 'Creators Edition' |last=Kerr |first=Chris|access-date=9 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref> and 2D [[skeletal animation]]s (via Esoteric Software's Spine)<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.brokenjoysticks.net/2017/03/12/game-maker-studio-takes-on-titans/|title=GDC17: GameMaker Studios 2.0 Takes On Industry Titans {{!}} Broken Joysticks|date=12 March 2017|work=Broken Joysticks|access-date=9 May 2018|language=en-US|archive-date=7 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907195535/https://www.brokenjoysticks.net/2017/03/12/game-maker-studio-takes-on-titans/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yoyogames.com/blog/43/skeletal-animation-sprites-using-spine|title=Skeletal Animation Sprites Using Spine {{!}} Blog {{!}} YoYo Games|website=Yoyo Games|language=en|access-date=9 May 2018|archive-date=1 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190601133948/https://www.yoyogames.com/blog/43/skeletal-animation-sprites-using-spine|url-status=dead}}</ref> along with a large standard library for drawing graphics and 2D [[Primitives (computer graphics)|primitives]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://docs2.yoyogames.com/source/_build/3_scripting/4_gml_reference/drawing/index.html |title=Drawing |website=docs2.yoyogames.com |access-date=9 May 2018 |archive-date=23 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210823100510/http://docs2.yoyogames.com/source/_build/3_scripting/4_gml_reference/drawing/index.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> While the software allows for limited use of [[3D computer graphics|3D graphics]], this is in form of [[Vertex Buffer|vertex buffer]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://docs2.yoyogames.com/source/_build/3_scripting/4_gml_reference/drawing/primitives/index.html |title=Drawing And Creating Primitives |website=docs2.yoyogames.com|access-date=9 May 2018}}</ref> and [[Transformation matrix|matrix]] functions, and as such not intended for novice users. The engine uses [[Direct3D]] on Windows, UWP, and Xbox One; [[OpenGL]] on macOS and Linux; [[OpenGL ES]] on Android and iOS, [[WebGL]] or [[Canvas element|2d canvas]] on HTML5, and proprietary APIs on [[Video game console|consoles]]. The engine's primary element is an IDE with built-in editors for raster graphics, [[level design]], scripting, [[Path (graph theory)|paths]], and [[shader]]s ([[Glsl|GLSL]] or [[High-Level Shading Language|HLSL]]).<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.macrumors.com/2017/09/02/gamemaker-studio-2-debuts-on-macos/ |title=2D Game Development Engine 'GameMaker Studio 2' Debuts on macOS|access-date=9 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref> Additional functionality can be implemented in software's scripting language or platform-specific native extensions.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://venturebeat.com/2017/05/23/gamemaker-studio-2-gets-an-education-edition/ |title=GameMaker Studio 2 gets an education edition |date=23 May 2017 |work=VentureBeat|access-date=9 May 2018 |language=en-US}}</ref> In GameMaker Studio 2, users can choose whether to export the game as an [[Nullsoft Scriptable Install System|NSIS]] installer, or a [[.zip]] file containing the game, the data.win file, and any files added under the "Included Files" tab in the editor.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://docs2.yoyogames.com/source/_build/1_overview/2_quick_start/6_compiling.html|title=Compiling|website=docs2.yoyogames.com|access-date=2019-02-20|archive-date=9 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211109183609/https://docs2.yoyogames.com/source/_build/1_overview/2_quick_start/6_compiling.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> === Supported platforms === GameMaker supports building for [[Microsoft Windows]], [[macOS]], [[Ubuntu (operating system)|Ubuntu]], [[HTML5]], [[Android (operating system)|Android]], [[iOS]], [[Amazon Fire TV]], [[Android TV]], [[Raspberry Pi]],<ref>{{cite web |title=YoYo Games expand their Linux support in GameMaker Studio 2 to the Raspberry Pi |url=https://www.gamingonlinux.com/2020/12/yoyo-games-expand-their-linux-support-in-gamemaker-studio-2-to-the-raspberry-pi |website=GamingOnLinux |date=21 December 2020 |language=en}}</ref> [[Universal Windows Platform apps|Microsoft UWP]], [[PlayStation 4]], [[Nintendo Switch]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.polygon.com/2018/3/9/17100548/gamemaker-studio-2-nintendo-switch-undertale |title=Undertale coming to Switch brings indie games' GameMaker Studio engine with it |last=Good |first=Owen |date=9 March 2018 |work=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |access-date=9 March 2018}}</ref> and [[Xbox One]];<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.syracuse.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2014/11/learn_how_to_make_your_own_games_with_gamemaker_studio_at_retrogamecon.html |title=Learn how to make your own video games with GameMaker: Studio at RetroGameCon |author=Evan Lewis |date=6 November 2014 |publisher=Syracuse Media Group |access-date=2 December 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polygon.com/2014/1/22/5333982/this-will-let-you-say-happy-birthday-get-well-soon-with-a-video-game |title=This will let you say 'Happy Birthday,' 'Get Well Soon' with a video game |date=22 January 2014 |publisher=Alexa Ray Corriea |access-date=23 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pcgamer.com/no-coding-required-how-new-designers-are-using-gamemaker-to-create-indie-smash-hits/ |title=No coding required: How new designers are using GameMaker to create indie smash hits |work=PC Gamer |date=31 July 2014 |access-date=15 January 2015 |last1=Moore |first1=Bo }}</ref> support for [[PlayStation 5]] and [[Xbox Series X and Series S|Xbox Series X|S]] was announced in February 2021<ref>{{cite magazine |title=GameMaker Studio 2 launches support for PS5 and Xbox Series X{{!}}S {{!}} Development News |url=https://www.mcvuk.com/development-news/gamemaker-studio-2-launches-support-for-ps5-and-xbox-series-xs/ |magazine=MCV/DEVELOP |date=25 February 2021}}</ref> though an "Enterprise" license is needed to build games for these consoles.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GameMaker Runtime Licence - Enterprise |url=https://gamemaker.io/en/legal/gamemaker-runtime-licence-enterprise |access-date=2024-06-07 |website=GameMaker |language=en}}</ref> In past, GameMaker supported building for [[Windows Phone]] (deprecated in favor of UWP), [[Tizen]], [[PlayStation 3]], and [[PlayStation Vita]] (not supported in GMS2 "largely for business reasons").<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/gamemaker/comments/5d2y93/we_are_yoyogames_we_recently_announced_gamemaker/da1dytt/ |title=We are YoYoGames, we recently announced GameMaker Studio 2. Ask us anything. • r/gamemaker |website=reddit |date=15 November 2016 |language=en|access-date=9 May 2018}}</ref> Line 40 ⟶ 39: Between 2007 and 2011, YoYo Games maintained a custom web player plugin for GameMaker games<ref>{{cite web|title=GMking's MarkUp Magazine - Issue 12|url=https://archive.org/stream/GmkingsMarkupMagazine-Issue12/MarkUp_12#page/n42/mode/1up|language=en}}</ref> before releasing it as open-source mid-2011<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.yoyogames.com/blog/152/yoyo-website-plans|title=YoYo Website plans {{!}} Blog {{!}} YoYo Games|website=Yoyo Games|language=en|access-date=9 May 2018|archive-date=30 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180630024711/https://www.yoyogames.com/blog/152/yoyo-website-plans|url-status=dead}}</ref> and finally deprecating in favor of HTML5 export. Prior to August 2021, users had to obtain a single-purchase license for one of five different platforms, excluding consoles, depending on the target platform they wanted to publish on (such as desktop or mobile). An annual license was required to publish for consoles, which was also contained in an all-encompassing annual Ultimate license that covered all supported platforms. Yoyo Games announced a change to the licensing approach in August 2021, allowing GameMaker to be used for free to learn, and eliminating the single-purchase options. Instead, it simplified the license scheme to only two tiers, one that supported publishing on all non-console platforms, and a higher tier that added in console platform publishing support at a lower rate than the prior Ultimate license. These changes were aided by the financial investment of Opera into YoYo Games to help reduce costs for GameMaker users.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-08-10-yoyo-games-streamlines-gamemaker-licenses-offers-new-free-version | title = YoYo Games streamlines GameMaker licenses, offers new free version | first = Marie | last = Dealessandri | date = August 10, 2021 | accessdate = August 10, 2021 | work = [[GamesIndustry.biz]] }}</ref> On 22 November 2023, GameMaker announced that it would be "free for non-commercial use on all platforms (excluding console)," and the current subscription system would be replaced by a one-time license.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://twitter.com/GameMakerEngine/status/1726949064196128776 | title = GameMaker Free for non-commercial use | date = November 22, 2023 | access-date=November 22, 2023 | work = [[twitter.com]] }}</ref> == GameMaker Language == Line 67 ⟶ 66: The first macOS compatible version of program was released in 2009,<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-5OFAwAAQBAJ&pg=PR14|title=Getting Started with Game Maker |last=Ford |first=Jerry Lee Jr. |date=1 June 2009 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=978-1435455214 |language=en}}</ref> allowing games to be made for two operating systems with minimal changes. Version 8.1 (April 2011) sees the name changed to GameMaker (lacking a space) to avoid any confusion<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.diygamer.com/2010/04/original-gamemaker/ |title=The Original Game-Maker |last1=Eric-Jon Rössel |first1=Tairne |date=30 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301005957/http://www.diygamer.com/2010/04/original-gamemaker/ |archive-date=1 March 2014 |access-date=15 January 2015}}</ref> with the 1991 software ''[[Game-Maker]]''. This version also had the runtime rewritten in C++ to address performance concerns<ref name=":1">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5UAIAAAAQBAJ|title=Getting Started with Game Maker |last=Ford |first=Jerry |date=2009 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=978-1133168966 |page=333}}</ref>{{failed verification|date=July 2020}}{{ September 2011 sees the initial release of "GameMaker: HTML5" - a new version of software with capability to export games for web browsers along with desktop.<ref name="Rose">{{Cite news |url=https://www.gamasutra.com/view/news/37398/YoYo_Games_Releases_GameMaker_HTML5_Tools.php |title=YoYo Games Releases GameMaker: HTML5 Tools |last=Rose |first=Mike|access-date=8 May 2018 |language=en}}</ref> Line 79 ⟶ 78: In August 2020, major update 2.3 was released, bringing a host of new features to IDE, runtime, and the scripting language.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Miller |first1=George |title=YoYo Games launches GameMaker Studio 2 version 2.3 |url=https://europeangaming.eu/portal/latest-news/2020/08/20/76397/yoyo-games-launches-gamemaker-studio-2-version-2-3/ |website=European Gaming Industry News |date=20 August 2020}}</ref> In January 2021, [[YoYo Games]] was sold to [[Opera Software]] for roughly 10 million [[USD]]. The development team of GameMaker remains the same, and has not caused any major development changes to GameMaker Studio.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.destructoid.com/stories/opera-bought-the-owner-of-gamemaker-for-its-new-gaming-division-617344.phtml| title = Opera bought the owner of GameMaker for its new gaming division – Destructoid| date = 20 January 2021}} In August 2021, YoYo Games announced that they are changing their licenses and will offer a free version of the GameMaker engine.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Dealessandri |first1=Marie |title=oYo Games streamlines GameMaker licenses, offers new free version |url=https://www.gamesindustry.biz/articles/2021-08-10-yoyo-games-streamlines-gamemaker-licenses-offers-new-free-version |website=gamesindustry.biz |date=10 August 2021 |publisher=Gamer Network Limited, a ReedPop company}}</ref> Line 85 ⟶ 84: In January 2022, YoYo Games changed GameMaker Studio 2's numbering scheme so the version corresponds to the year and the month it was released ''(For example, '''2022.1''' for January 2022)''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Version 2022.1 Release & "Feather" Reveal |url=https://gamemaker.io/en/blog/release-2022-1 |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=GameMaker |language=en}}</ref> In April 2022, YoYo Games dropped the ''GameMaker Studio 2'' name in order to match its new version numbering scheme, changing it to simply '''GameMaker'''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GameMaker Brand Guidelines {{!}} Download The PDF |url=https://gamemaker.io/en/legal/brand |access-date=2022-07-29 |website=GameMaker |language=en}}</ref> == Reception == Line 94 ⟶ 93: == External links == * {{Wikibooks * {{Commons category-inline|GameMaker Studio}} | |||