Article Images
Content deleted Content added
Line 184: The [[Organic Consumers Association]], and the [[Union of Concerned Scientists]],<ref name="GristBegin">Nathanael Johnson for Grist. Jul 8, 2013 [http://grist.org/food/the-genetically-modified-food-debate-where-do-we-begin/ The genetically modified food debate: Where do we begin?]</ref><ref>JoAnna Wendel for the Genetic Literacy Project. 10 September 2013 [http://www.geneticliteracyproject.org/2013/09/10/223104/ Scientists, journalists and farmers join lively GMO forum]</ref><ref>Keith Kloor for Discover Magazine's CollideAScape 22 August 2014 [http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/collideascape/2014/08/22/gmos-double-standards-union-concerned-scientists/#.VGzlVvnF-rN On Double Standards and the Union of Concerned Scientists]</ref><ref>Union of Concerned Scientists. [http://www.ucsusa.org/food_and_agriculture/our-failing-food-system/genetic-engineering/alternatives-to-genetic.html#.VGznoPnF-rM Alternatives to Genetic Engineering]. Page source description: "Biotechnology companies produce genetically engineered crops to control insects and weeds and to manufacture pharmaceuticals and other chemicals. The Union of Concerned Scientists works to strengthen the federal oversight needed to prevent such products from contaminating our food supply."</ref><ref name=Marden>Emily Marden, [http://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2236&context=bclr Risk and Regulation: U.S. Regulatory Policy on Genetically Modified Food and Agriculture] 44 B.C.L. Rev. 733 (2003). Quote: "By the late 1990s, public awareness of GM foods reached a critical level and a number of public interest groups emerged to focus on the issue. One of the early groups to focus on the issue was Mothers for Natural Law ("MFNL"), an Iowa based organization that aimed to ban GM foods from the market....The Union of Concerned Scientists ("UCS"), an alliance of 50,000 citizens and scientists, has been another prominent voice on the issue.... As the pace of GM products entering the market increased in the 1990s, UCS became a vocal critic of what it saw as the agency’s collusion with industry and failure to fully take account of allergenicity and other safety issues."</ref> and [[Greenpeace]] stated that risks have not been adequately identified and managed, and they have questioned the objectivity of regulatory authorities. Some health groups say there are unanswered questions regarding the potential long-term impact on human health from food derived from GMOs, and propose mandatory labeling<ref name=BMA>[[British Medical Association]] Board of Science and Education (2004). "[http://www.argenbio.org/adc/uploads/pdf/bma.pdf Genetically modified food and health: A second interim statement]". March.</ref><ref name=PHAA>Public Health Association of Australia (2007) "[http://www.phaa.net.au/documents/policy/GMFood.pdf Genetically Modified Foods]" ''PHAA AGM'' 2007</ref> or a moratorium on such products.<ref name=CAPE>[[Canadian Association of Physicians for the Environment]] (2013) "[http://cape.ca/capes-position-statement-on-gmos/ Statement on Genetically Modified Organisms in the Environment and the Marketplace]". October 2013</ref><ref name=IDEA>Irish Doctors' Environmental Association "[http://ideaireland.org/library/idea-position-on-genetically-modified-foods/ IDEA Position on Genetically Modified Foods]". Retrieved 3/25/14</ref><ref name=VDC>PR Newswire "[http://www.prnewswire.co.uk/news-releases/genetically-modified-maize-doctors-chamber-warns-of-unpredictable-results-to-humans-231410601.html Genetically Modified Maize: Doctors' Chamber Warns of 'Unpredictable Results' to Humans]". 11 November 2013</ref> Concerns include contamination of the non-genetically modified food supply,<ref name=CIEH>[[Chartered Institute of Environmental Health]] (2006) "[http://www.cieh.org/uploadedFiles/Core/Policy/CIEH_consultation_responses/Response_GM_final.pdf Proposals for managing the coexistence of GM, conventional and organic crops Response to the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs consultation paper]". October 2006</ref><ref>Paull, John (2015) [http://www.agricultforest.ac.me/data/20150318-01%20John%20Paull.pdf GMOs and organic agriculture: Six lessons from Australia], Agriculture & Forestry, 61(1): 7-14.</ref> effects of GMOs on the environment and nature,<ref name=CAPE/><ref name=VDC/> the rigor of the regulatory process,<ref name=IDEA/><ref>[[American Medical Association]] (2012). "[http://www.ama-assn.org/resources/doc/csaph/a12-csaph2-bioengineeredfoods.pdf Report 2 of the Council on Science and Public Health: Labeling of Bioengineered Foods]". "To better detect potential harms of bioengineered foods, the Council believes that pre-market safety assessment should shift from a voluntary notification process to a mandatory requirement." page 7</ref> and consolidation of control of the food supply in companies that make and sell GMOs.<ref name=CAPE/> ==Recognition of the originators of GM crops== On 19 June 2013 the leaders of the three research teams that first applied genetic engineering to crops, [[Robert Fraley]] of Monsanto; [[Marc Van Montagu]] of [[Ghent University]] in [[Belgium]] and founder of [[Plant Genetic Systems]] and Crop Design; and [[Mary-Dell Chilton]] of the [[University of Washington]] and [[Washington University in St. Louis]] and [[Syngenta]], were awarded with the [[World Food Prize]]. The prize, of $250,000, is awarded to people who improve the "quality, quantity or availability" of food in the world. The three competing teams first presented their results in January 1983.<ref name=NYT61913>{{cite news|title=Executive at Monsanto wins global food honor|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/business/monsanto-executive-is-among-world-food-prize-winners.html|accessdate=20 June 2013|newspaper=The New York Times|date=19 June 2013|author=Andrew Pollack}}</ref> ==See also== | |||