Hamadan province: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia


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== History ==

[[image:Shir-sangi.jpg|thumb|right|The Parthian built Stone Lion of Hamedan sits in the middle of a park today in Hamedan.]][[Image:Ganj nameh.jpg|thumb| Ganj nameh, Darius inscriptions, 5th century BCEBC]]

Hamadan province is one of the most ancient parts of Iran and its civilization. Relics of this area confirm this fact. Today's Hamadan is what is left of [[Ecbatana]], The [[Medes]]' capital before they formed a union with the Persians. The poet [[Ferdowsi]] says that Ecbatana was built by King Jamshid.

According to historical records, there was once a castle in this city by the name of Haft Hessar (Seven Walls) which had a thousand rooms and its grandeur equalled that of the Babylon Tower.

The structures of city are related to ''Diya Aku'', a King of the [[Medes]] from 700 BCEBC. According to Greek records, this territory was called 'Ekbatan' and 'Hegmataneh' by this King, thus transformed into a huge capital.

During the [[Parthian]] era, [[Ctesiphon]] became capital of Persia, and Hamadan became the summer capital and residence of the Parthian rulers. After the Parthians, the [[Sassanid]]s constructed their summer palaces in Hamadan as well.

In the year 633AD CE[[633]] when the war of [[Nahavand]] took place and Hamadan came into the hands of the invading Arabs, at times it thrived and at times it declined and witnessed hardships. During the [[Buwayhids]], it suffered plenty of damages. In the 11th century CE, the [[Seljuks]] shifted their capital from [[Baghdad]] to Hamadan once again.

The city of Hamadan which was always assaulted by the rise and fall of powers, was completely destroyed during the [[Timurid]] invasion. But during the [[Safavid]] era the city thrived once more. Thereafter, in the 18th century , Hamadan surrendered to the [[Ottomans]], but due to the courage and chivalry of [[Nadir Shah]] Afshar, Hamadan was cleared of the invaders and according to the peace treaty between Iran and the Ottomans, it was thus returned to Iran.