Hijrah: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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:''For other uses see [[Hijra]].''

The '''Hijra''' (هِجْرَة), or withdrawal, is the emigration of [[Muhammad]] and his followers to the city of [[Medina]] in [[622]] CE ([[Common Era]]). Alternate spellings of this [[Arabic language|Arabic]] word in the [[Latin alphabet]] are '''Hijrah''', or '''Hegira''' in [[Latin language|Latin]].

[[Muhammad]], preaching the doctrines of one [[God]] (called [[Allah]]) and the threat of the Day of Judgment, did not at first have much success in the city of [[Mecca]]. His tribe, the [[Quraysh]], which was in charge of the [[Kaaba]] (a shrine to [[Arab]]ic [[paganism|pagan]] gods), persecuted and harassed him continuously.

He and his followers emigrated to the city of Yathrib, 320 km north of Mecca, in September [[622 CE]]. Yathrib was soon renamed Madinat un-Nabi, the City of the Prophet, Medina in English. The Muslim year during which the Hijra occurred was designated the first year of the [[Islamic calendar]] by [[Umar ibn al-Khattab]] in [[638]] CE, 17 AH (''anno hegirae'' = "in the year of the hijra"). In the following chronology the city will be referred to as Medina, and the region surrounding it as Yathrib.

== Chronology of the Hijra ==

*Day 1: Thursday 26 Safar AH 1, [[9 September]] [[622 CE]]

**Left home in Mecca. Stayed three days in the Cave of Thawr near Mecca.

*Day 5: Monday 1 Rabi' I AH 1, [[13 September]] [[622 CE]]

**Left the environs of Mecca. Traveled to the region of Yathrib.

*Day 12: Monday 8 Rabi' I AH 1, [[20 September]] [[622 CE]]

**Arrived at Quba' near Medina.

*Day 16: Friday 12 Rabi' I AH 1, [[24 September]] [[622 CE]]

**First visit to Medina for Friday prayers.

*Day 26: Monday 22 Rabi' I AH 1, [[4 October]] [[622 CE]]

**Moved from Quba' to Medina.

The Muslim dates are in the [[Islamic calendar]] extended back in time. The Western dates are in the [[Julian calendar]]. The Hijra is celebrated annually on 8 Rabi' I, about 66 days after 1 Muharram, the first day of the Muslim year. Many writers confuse the first day of the year of the Hijra with the Hijra itself, erroneously stating that the Hijra occurred on 1 Muharram AH 1 or [[16  July]] [[622 CE]].

== See also ==