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#REDIRECT [[Category:Hemiptera]]▼
'''Homoptera''' is a [[suborder]] of order [[Hemiptera]] that is considered by some taxonomists to be [[paraphyly|paraphyletic]], and therefore [[Deprecation|deprecated]] (obsolete).<ref>Dudley R. (2002). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=hTIMhD9BF1kC&pg=PA184&lpg=PA184 The biomechanics of insect flight: Form, function, evolution]''. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p 184. {{ISBN|0-691-09491-8}}.</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Von Dohlen | first1 = CD | last2 = Moran | first2 = NA | year = 1995 | title = Molecular phylogeny of the Homoptera: a paraphyletic taxon | url = http://ag.udel.edu/delpha/1158.pdf| journal = Journal of Molecular Evolution | volume = 41 | issue = 2| pages = 211–223 | doi = 10.1007/BF00170675 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|url=http://169.237.77.3/gullanandcranstonlab/Gullanpdfs/Homoptera.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122132644/http://169.237.77.3/gullanandcranstonlab/Gullanpdfs/Homoptera.pdf |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2015-01-22 |author=Gullan, PJ |journal=Entomologica |volume=33 |year=1999 |pages=101–104 |title=Why the taxon Homoptera does not exist }}</ref> It was therefore split into the suborders [[Sternorrhyncha]], [[Auchenorrhyncha]], and [[Coleorrhyncha]].<ref>{{Cite book|author1=Schuh, Randall T. |author2=Slater, James Alexander|year=1995|title=True bugs of the world (Hemiptera: Heteroptera): classification and natural history|location=Ithaca, New York|publisher=Cornell University Press|pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=wmSc-2KDmZ4C&pg=PA4 4–5]|isbn=978-0-8014-2066-5}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|author=Cobben, René Hubert|year=1978|title=Evolutionary trends in Heteroptera, part 2: mouthpart-structures and feeding strategies|series=Verslagen van landbouwkundige onderzoekingen, number 707|location=Wageningen, Netherlands|publisher=H. Veenman for Centrum voor Landbouwpublikaties en Landbouwdocumentatie (Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation)|page=7|oclc=852739989}}</ref> The earlier work was based on [[nuclear DNA]], but more recent phylogenetic analysis using [[mitochondrial DNA]] suggest that Homoptera may be a [[monophyletic]] group after all, a sister group of [[Heteroptera]].<ref name=Song>{{cite journal |author1=Song, N. |author2=Liang, A.-P. |author3=Bu, C.-P. |year=2012 |title=A Molecular Phylogeny of Hemiptera Inferred from Mitochondrial Genome Sequences |journal=PLoS ONE |volume=7 |issue=11 |pages=e48778 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0048778}}</ref> The cause of the disparity in the analyses is suggested to be the [[long branch attraction]] effect in phylogenetic analysis, due to rapidly evolving DNA regions.<ref name=Song/>
The Homoptera include the [[aphids]], [[scale insects]], [[cicada]]s, and [[leafhoppers]], which all have sucking mouthparts.
==References==
{{reflist}}
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[[Category:Insect suborders]]
▲[[Category:Hemiptera]]
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