Human papillomavirus infection: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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An HPV infection is caused by ''human papillomavirus'', a [[DNA virus]] from the [[papillomavirus]] family.<ref name=Bzhalava2013/> Over 170 types have been described.<ref name=Bzhalava2013/> More than 40 types are [[Sexually transmitted infection|transmitted through sexual contact]]: if a person has sex with someone who has the virus, the virus can be transmitted to the [[penis]] in men; to the [[vulva]], [[vagina]], and [[cervix]] in women; and in both men and women, toinfect the [[anus]], [[rectum]] and [[oral cavitygenitals]].<ref name=CDC2015What/> Incubation is from one to twenty months, often making the source of the infection difficult to trace. Risk factors for persistent infection by sexually transmitted types include early age of first [[sexual intercourse]], multiple sexual partners, smoking, and [[immunosuppression|poor immune function]].<ref name=WHO2016/> Also, HPV infection can [[vertically transmitted infection|spread from a mother to baby during pregnancy]].<ref name=CDC2015QA>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/hpv/parents/questions-answers.html|title=Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Questions and Answers|date=28 December 2015|website=CDC|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160811085444/http://www.cdc.gov/hpv/parents/questions-answers.html|archive-date=11 August 2016|url-status=live|access-date=11 August 2016|df=dmy-all}}</ref> HPV rarely may be spread by indirect contact via wet surfaces rather than by direct skin-to skin-contact. HPV16 and HPV18 account for 70% of all cervical cancers.<ref name=WHO2016/><ref name=CDC2015Can/> People can become infected with more than one type of HPV.<ref name=CDC2015QA/> HPV affects only humans.<ref name=Mil2015/><ref>{{cite web|title=Pink Book (Human Papillomavirus)|url=https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/hpv.pdf|website=CDC.gov|access-date=18 April 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170321110050/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/hpv.pdf|archive-date=21 March 2017|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

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