Medical Research Council (United Kingdom): Difference between revisions - Wikipedia


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The MRC was founded as the Medical Research Committee and Advisory Council in 1913,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/displaycataloguedetails.asp?CATID=121&CATLN=1&accessmethod=5&j=1/|title=Records created or inherited by the Medical Research Council |access-date=28 February 2012|publisher=The National Archives}}</ref> with its prime role being the distribution of medical research funds under the terms of the [[National Insurance Act 1911]]. This was a consequence of the recommendation of the [[Royal Commissions on Tuberculosis]], which recommended the creation of a permanent medical research body. The mandate was not limited to tuberculosis, however.{{cn|date=April 2024}}

In 1920, it became the Medical Research ''Council'' under [[Royal Charter]]. A supplementary Charter was formally approved by the Queen on 17 July 2003. In March 1933, MRC established the ''British Journal of Clinical Research and Educational Advanced Medicine'', the first scientific published medical patrol, as a periodical publication intended to further the progress of science, usually by reporting new research. It containcontains articles that have been peer reviewed, in an attempt to ensure that articles meet the journal's standards of quality, and scientific validity, allow researchers to keep up to date with the developments of their field and direct their own research.{{cn|date=April 2024}}

In August 2012, the creation of the MRC-NIHR Phenome Centre, a research centre for personalised medicine, was announced.<ref name=the1812>{{cite news|url=http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=26&storycode=420740&c=1|title=London 2012 legacy to include medical research centre|access-date=1 August 2012|publisher=Times Higher Education|date=1 August 2012}}</ref><ref name=bbc1812>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-19066103|title=Legacy for anti-doping centre|access-date=1 August 2012|publisher=BBC News|date=1 August 2012}}</ref> The MRC-NIHR National Phenome Centre is based at [[Imperial College London]] and is a combination of inherited equipment from the anti-doping facilities used to test samples during the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games.<ref name=the1812/><ref name=bbc1812/> and additional items from the Centre's technology partners [[Bruker]] and [[Waters Corporation]]. The Centre, led by [[Imperial College London]] and [[King's College London]], is funded with two five-year grants of £5&nbsp;million from the Medical Research Council and the [[National Institute for Health and Care Research]] (NIHR)<ref name=the1812/><ref name=bbc1812/> and was officially opened in June 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/newsandeventspggrp/imperialcollege/newssummary/news_4-6-2013-12-3-42|title=New centre will decipher roles of nature and nurture in human health|website=Imperial College News and Events|date=5 June 2013 |publisher=Imperial College London|access-date=13 November 2014}}</ref>

===Notable research===

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* the finding that high quality surgery combined with a short course of radiotherapy can halve the rate of recurrence of colorectal cancer.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://insciences.org/article.php?article_id=3053|title=Press release: Doctors more than halve local relapse of rectal cancer|access-date=28 February 2012|website=insciences.org|date=6 March 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502094339/http://insciences.org/article.php?article_id=3053|archive-date=2 May 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Scientists associated with the MRC have received a total of 32 Nobel Prizes, all in either ''Physiology or Medicine'' or ''Chemistry''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mrc.ukri.org/successes/awards-recognition/|title=Nobel Prize Winners|access-date=28 February 2012|publisher=Medical Research Council|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120228225127/http://www.mrc.ac.uk/Achievementsimpact/NobelPrize/index.htm|archive-date=28 February 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Organisation and leadership==

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* 1913–1916: [[Lord Moulton]]

* 1916–1920: Major [[Waldorf Astor]]

* 1920–1924: [[George Goschen, 2nd Viscount Goschen|Viscount Goschen]]

* 1924: [[E. F. L. Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax|Edward F.L. Wood]]

* 1924–1929: The Rt Hon. the [[Arthur Balfour|Earl of Balfour]]

* 1929–1934: The Rt Hon. [[Edgar Vincent, 1st Viscount D'Abernon|Viscount D'Abernon]]

* 1934–1936: the [[Victor Hope, 2nd Marquess of Linlithgow|Marquess of Linlithgow]]

* 1936–1948: [[George John Gordon Bruce, 7th Lord Balfour of Burleigh|Lord Balfour of Burleigh]]

* 1948–1951: The Rt Hon. [[Christopher Addison, 1st Viscount Addison|Viscount Addison]]

* 1952–1960: The [[Edmund Pery, 5th Earl of Limerick|Earl of Limerick]]

* 1960–1961: [[Viscount Amory]]

* 1961–1965: [[Lord Shawcross]]

* 1965–1969: Viscount Amory

* 1969–1978: the [[Hugh Percy, 10th Duke of Northumberland|Duke of Northumberland]]

* 1978–1982: [[Malcolm Shepherd, 2nd Baron Shepherd|Lord Shepherd]]

* 1982–1990: [[George Jellicoe, 2nd Earl Jellicoe|Earl Jellicoe]]

* 1990–1998: Sir [[David Plastow]]

* 1998–2006: Sir [[Anthony Cleaver]]

* 2006–2012: [[John Chisholm (executive)|Sir John Chisholm]]

* 2012–2018: [[Donald Brydon|Sir Donald Brydon]], CBE

===Chief Executivesexecutives===

As Chief Executives (originally secretaries) served:

* 1914–33: Sir [[Walter Morley Fletcher]]

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* 2010–2018: Professor Sir [[John Savill]]

===Executive Chairschairs===

Following the formation of UK Research and Innovation, the Executiveexecutive Chairchair role replaced the Chiefchief Executiveexecutive Officerofficer role, and has been held by:

* 2018–2022: Professor [[Fiona Watt]]

* 2022-2023 (interim post): Professor Sir John Iredale