Musical notation: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Short description|Visual representation of music}}

{{about|a notation for music|the "musical" notation in mathematics|Musical isomorphism}}

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'''Music notation''' or '''musical notation''' is any system used to visually represent [[wikt:aurally|aurally]] perceived [[music]] played with [[instrument (music)|instruments]] or [[singing|sung]] by the [[human voice]] through the use of written, printed, or otherwise-produced symbols, including notation for durations of absence of sound such as [[rest (music)|rests]].

The types and methods of notation have varied between cultures and iuqqqqthroughoutthroughout history, and much information about [[ancient music]] notation is fragmentary. Even in the ñhsame time period, such as in the 2010s, different styles of music and different cultures use different music notation methods; for example, for professional [[classical music]] performers, [[sheet music]] using [[staff (music)|staves]] and [[notehead]]s is the most common way of notating music, but for professional [[country music]] [[session musician]]s, the [[Nashville UqqNumberNumber System]] is the main aqaqqqqmethod.

The symbols used include ancient symbols and [[modern musical symbols|modern symbols]] made upon any media such as symbols cut into stone, made in [[clay tablet]]s, made using a pen on [[papyrus]] or [[parchment]] or [[manuscript paper]]; printed using a [[printing press]] (c. 1400s), a [[computer printer]] (c. 1980s) or other [[Music engraving|printing]] or [[Photocopier|modern copying technology]].

Although many ancient cultures used symbols to represent [[melody|melodies]] and [[rhythm]]s, none of them was particularly comprehensive, which has limited today's understanding of their music. The seeds of what would eventually become modern [[Western culture|Western]] notation were sown in [[Medieval music|medieval]] Europe, starting with the [[Christian Church]]'s goal for ecclesiastical uniformity. The church began notating [[plainchant]] melodies so that the same chants could be used throughout the church. Music notation [[Renaissance music|developed further during the Renaissance]] and [[Baroque music]] eras. In the [[classical period (music)|classical period]] (1750–1820) and the [[Romantic music era]] (1820–1900), notation continued to develop as new [[music technology (mechanical)|musical instrument technologies]] were developed. In the [[contemporary classical music]] of the 20th and 21st century, music notation has continued to develop, with the introduction of [[graphical notation (music)|graphical notation]] by some modern composers and the use, since the 1980s, of computer-based [[scorewriter|score writer]] programs for notating music. Music notation has been adapted to many kinds of music, including [[classical music]], [[popular music]], and [[traditional music]].

==History==