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In view of the wide range of risks, the security of a nation state has several dimensions, including [[economic security]], [[energy security]], [[Military security|physical security]], [[environmental security]], [[food security]], [[border guard|border security]], and [[Computer security|cyber security]]. These dimensions correlate closely with [[elements of national power]].

Increasingly, governments organise their [[security policies]] into a national security strategy (NSS);<ref>{{cite web |title=National Security Strategy |url=https://history.defense.gov/Historical-Sources/National-Security-Strategy/ |website=Office of the Security of Defense}}</ref> as of 2017, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States are among the states to have done so.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/documents/estrategiaseguridad_baja_julio.pdf|title=The National Security Strategy: Sharing a common project|last=Spanish Government|date=2013|access-date=2017-12-17}}</ref><ref name=":7" /><ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/national-security-strategy-and-strategic-defence-and-security-review-2015|title=National Security Strategy and Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015|last=UK, Cabinet Office|date=2015|access-date=2017-12-17}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://nssarchive.us/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/2015.pdf|title=National Security Strategy|last=US, White House|date=2015|access-date=2017-12-17|archive-date=2016-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161006104740/http://nssarchive.us/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/2015.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Some states also appoint a [[National security council|National Security Council]] and/or a [[National security advisor|National Security Advisor]] which is an executive government agency, it feeds the head of the state on topics concerning national security and strategic interest. The national security council/advisor strategies long term, short term, contingency national security plans. [[India]] holds one such system in current, which was established on 19 November 1998.

Although states differ in their approach, with some beginning to prioritise non-military action to tackle systemic drivers of insecurity, various forms of coercive power predominate, particularly [[Military Capabilities]].<ref name=":2" /> The scope of these capabilities has developed. Traditionally, military capabilities were mainly land- or sea-based, and in smaller countries, they still are. Elsewhere, the domains of potential warfare now include the [[Air force|air]], [[Space warfare|space]], [[Cyberwarfare|cyberspace]], and [[Psychological warfare|psychological operations]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/16478792|title=War in the fifth domain|newspaper=The Economist|access-date=2017-12-18}}</ref> Military capabilities designed for these domains may be used for national security, or equally for offensive purposes, for example to conquer and annex territory and resources.