Neuro-linguistic programming: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

Line 203:

Since then other objecive and empirical studies have consistently shown NLP to be ineffective and reviews and meta-analyses have given NLP a conclusively negative assessment (Bleimeister, 1988) (Morgan, 1993) (Platt, 2001) (Bertelsen, 1987).

===NLP as a Pseudoscience===

NLP has been classed as a pseudoscience (Lilienfeld et al 2003) (Williams et al 2000). This is mostly due to the fact that the reviews of research on NLP have not supported either the assumptions of NLP or the efficacy (Thaler Singer & Lalich, 1996), but similar to proponents of other pseudoscientific subjects such as Dianetics and EST, the NLP community continues to claim their assumptions and methods.

Further characteristics of pseudoscience have been identified in NLP promotion. These are (Lilienfeld et al 2003):

*The absence of connectivity

*The use of obscurantist language

*Overreliance on testimonial and anecdotal evidence

*Absence of boundary conditions

*The mantra of holism

*An overuse of ad hoc hypotheses designed to immunize claims from falsification

*Evasion of peer review

*Reversed burden of proof

*Emphasis on confirmation rather refutation

Though being a pseudoscience is not a criticism per se, NLP is often criticised for being a pseudoscience (Lilienfeld et al 2003).

=== Commercialism ===