Nir Oz: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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==History==

Nir Oz was founded on 1 October 1955 as a [[Nahal settlement]]. It was built on orchards that had previously belonged to the Palestinian village of [[Ma'in Abu Sitta]], which was depopulated during the [[1948 Palestine war]], with its population fleeing to the [[Gaza Strip]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Real Names of Stolen Villages, Illegal Settlements of the Gaza Perimeter |url=https://www.palestine-studies.org/en/node/1654492 |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Institute for Palestine Studies |language=en}}</ref> Nir Oz was recognized as a kibbutz two months after its founding. According to a resident named Shlomo Margalit in 2013, there had been a [[moshav]] on the site around 1952, "but too many members were killed by the ''[[fedayeen]]'' or left, so it was dissolved".<ref name=":0" /> There were only four trees growing at the kibbutz at the time of its founding; it was developed over time into a model for [[xeriscaping|low-water landscaping]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-09-14 |title=Our green garden in the desert - ממדבר לנווה מדבר |url=https://eco-garden.co.il/our-green-garden-in-the-desert/ |access-date=2023-10-12 |language=he-IL |archive-date=2023-07-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230729021408/https://eco-garden.co.il/our-green-garden-in-the-desert/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The [[Hashomer Hatzair]] took over Nir Oz in May 1957, with a [[Gar'in|founding group]] of 70 members.<ref name=":0" />

Due to its proximity to [[Gaza City|Gaza]], Nir Oz farmers often come under Palestinian sniper fire. In 2008 the [[Israel Defense Forces]] (IDF) asked the kibbutz to harvest its potatoes at night to lower the risk of attack.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/977240.html|title=The moon works against Nir Oz farmers|newspaper=Haaretz}}</ref> On 5 June 2008 a mortar bomb fired from the [[Gaza Strip]] hit the Nirlat paint factory on the kibbutz, killing an employee and wounding four others. Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pmo.gov.il/PMOEng/Communication/IsraelUnderAttack/Nir+Oz/ |title=Nir Oz under attack|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110608200513/http://www.pmo.gov.il/PMOEng/Communication/IsraelUnderAttack/Nir+Oz/ |archive-date=2011-06-08 }} Prime Minister's Office</ref> Around 2013 a tunnel from Gaza was found near Nir Oz.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Hoare |first=Liam |date=August 2013 |title=Southern Kibbutzim, Under Fire and Losing Faith |website=The Tower |language=en-US |url= http://www.thetower.org/article/the-southern-kibbutzim-under-fire-and-losing-faith/ |access-date=2023-10-12 |archive-date= 2023-10-12 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20231012100047/http://www.thetower.org/article/the-southern-kibbutzim-under-fire-and-losing-faith/ |url-status= live}}</ref> A 2023 book reported that the village had a number of "self-contained bomb shelters, each weighing 67 tons".<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Fergusson |first=James |title=In Search of the River Jordan: A Story of Palestine, Israel and the Struggle for Water |publisher=Yale University Press |year=2023 |isbn=978-0-300-26270-4 |location=New Haven, Conn. |pages=251 (eucalyptus, desalination, irrigation, bomb shelters), 253 (Thai agricultural workers) |language=en |lccn=2023930267}}</ref>