OSI model: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{cite web| url = http://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-X/en| title = ITU-T X-Series Recommendations}}</ref> Some of the protocol specifications were also available as part of the ITU-T X series. The equivalent ISO/IEC standards for the OSI model were available from ISO. Not all are free of charge.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/index.html |title=Publicly Available Standards |publisher=Standards.iso.org |date=30 July 2010 |access-date=11 September 2010}}</ref>

OSI was an industry effort, attempting to get industry participants to agree on common network standards to provide multi-vendor interoperability.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OVpzAwAAQBAJ&q=Open+Standards+and+the+Digital+Age:+History,+Ideology,+and+Networks|title=Open Standards and the Digital Age: History, Ideology, and Networks|last=Russell|first=Andrew L.|date=2014-04-28|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-1-139-91661-5|language=en}}</ref> It was common for large networks to support multiple network protocol suites, with many devices unable to interoperate with other devices because of a lack of common protocols. For a period in the late 1980s and early 1990s, engineers, organizations and nations became [[Protocol Wars|polarized over the issue of which standard]], the OSI model or the [[Internet protocol suite]], would result in the best and most robust computer networks.<ref name="ieee201703" /><ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://courses.cs.duke.edu//common/compsci092/papers/govern/consensus.pdf|title=Rough Consensus and Running Code' and the Internet-OSI Standards War|last=Russell|first=Andrew L.|journal=IEEE Annals of the History of Computing|volume=28|issue=3|date=July-September 2006|pages=48-61|doi=10.1109/MAHC.2006.42}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2006|title=Standards Wars|url=https://courses.cs.washington.edu/courses/csep590a/06au/projects/standards-wars.pdf}}</ref> However, while OSI developed its networking standards in the late 1980s,<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CRMEAAAAMBAJ|title=Network World|date=1988-02-15|publisher=IDG Network World Inc|language=en}}</ref>{{page needed}}<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dBMEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA50|title=Network World|date=1988-10-10|publisher=IDG Network World Inc|language=en}}</ref>{{page needed}} [[TCP/IP]] came into widespread use on multi-vendor networks for [[internetworking]].

The OSI model is still used as a reference for teaching and documentation;<ref>{{Cite web|title=The OSI model explained: How to understand (and remember) the 7 layer network model|url=https://www.networkworld.com/article/3239677/the-osi-model-explained-how-to-understand-and-remember-the-7-layer-network-model.html|last=Shaw|first=Keith|date=2018-10-22|website=Network World|language=en|access-date=2020-05-16|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004172259/https://www.networkworld.com/article/3239677/the-osi-model-explained-how-to-understand-and-remember-the-7-layer-network-model.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> however, the [[OSI protocols]] originally conceived for the model did not gain popularity. Some engineers argue the OSI reference model is still relevant to [[cloud computing]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=An OSI Model for Cloud|url=https://blogs.cisco.com/cloud/an-osi-model-for-cloud|date=2017-02-24|website=Cisco Blogs|language=en-US|access-date=2020-05-16}}</ref> Others say the original OSI model does not fit today's networking protocols and have suggested instead a simplified approach.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Why it's time to let the OSI model die|url=https://www.networkworld.com/article/2276158/why-it-s-time-to-let-the-osi-model-die.html|last1=Taylor|first1=Steve|last2=Metzler|first2=Jim|date=2008-09-23|website=Network World|language=en|access-date=2020-05-16}}</ref><ref name="Crawford"/>