Oral polio vaccine AIDS hypothesis: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

Line 2:

{{Main|AIDS origin|AIDS origins opposed to scientific consensus}}

The '''oral polio vaccine (OPV) AIDS hypothesis''' suggests that the [[AIDS]] [[pandemic]] originated from live [[polio vaccine]]s prepared in [[rhesus macaque ]] tissue cultures and then administered to up to one million Africans between 1957 and 1960 in experimental mass vaccination campaigns.<ref name=Koprowski4>{{cite journal |doi=10.1136/bmj.2.5090.187 |author=Courtois G, Flack A, Jervis GA, Koprowski H, Ninane G |title=Preliminary report on mass vaccination of man with live attenuated poliomyelitis virus in the Belgian Congo and Ruanda-Urundi |journal=Br Med J |volume=2 |issue=5090 |pages=187–190 |year=1958 |month=July |pmid=13560820 |pmc=2026116 }}</ref><ref name=Koprowski1>{{cite journal |author=LeBrun A, Cerf J, Gelfand HM, Courtois G, Plotkin SA, Koprowski H |title=Vaccination with the CHAT strain of type 1 attenuated poliomyelities virus in Leopoldville, Belgian Congo 1. Description of the city, its history of poliomyelitis, and the plan of the vaccination campaign |journal=Bull World Health Organ. |volume=22 |issue=3–4 |pages=203–13 |year=1960 |url=http://whqlibdoc.who.int/bulletin/1960/Vol22/Vol22-No3-4/bulletin_1960_22(3-4)_203-213.pdf |format=PDF}}</ref>

Data analyses in [[molecular biology]] and [[phylogenetic]] studies contradict the OPV AIDS hypothesis; consequently, [[scientific consensus]] regards the hypothesis as disproven.<ref name=Science>{{cite journal |author=Hillis DM |title=AIDS. Origins of HIV |journal=Science |volume=288 |issue=5472 |pages=1757–1759 |year=2000 |pmid=10877695 |doi=10.1126/science.288.5472.1757}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Birmingham K |title=Results make a monkey of OPV-AIDS theory |journal=Nat Med |volume=6 |issue=10 |pages=1067–1067 |year=2000 |pmid=11017114 |doi=10.1038/80356}}</ref><ref name="cohen2"/><ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/od/science/iso/concerns/archive/aids_and_vaccines.htm Origin of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV/AIDS)] [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] website , Accessed 30th January 2007</ref> The journal ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'' has described the hypothesis as "refuted".<ref name="worobey">{{cite journal |author=Worobey M, Santiago M, Keele B, Ndjango J, Joy J, Labama B, Dhed'A B, Rambaut A, Sharp P, Shaw G, Hahn B |title=Origin of AIDS: contaminated polio vaccine theory refuted |journal=Nature |volume=428 |issue=6985 |pages=820–820 |year=2004 |pmid=15103367 |doi=10.1038/428820a}}</ref>

== Background: polio vaccines ==