Piatnytska Church, Chernihiv: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Infobox religious building

| name = Piatnytska Church

| building_namenative_name = Pyatnytska Church <br>= П'ятницька церква

| image = AX Chernigiv Pyatnitska Church.jpg|thumb|225px|Pyatnytska Church

| image = 2016 Чернигов Пятницкая церковь фото-03.jpg

| caption =

| location = [[ChernigivChernihiv]], [[Ukraine]]

| geo =

| native_name_lang = uk

| religious_affiliation = [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]

| district = [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church - Kiev Patriarchate|Ukrainian Orthodox Church<br />of the Kiev PatriarchateUkraine]]

| consecration_year =

| leadership =

| architect =

| architecture_type = [[Church (building)|Church]]

| architecture_style = [[Ukrainian Baroque]]

| year_completed = the end of the 12th century – beginning of the 13th century

| construction_cost =

| capacity =

| length =

| width =

| width_nave =

| height_max =

| dome_quantity =

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}}

'''PyatnytskaPiatnytska ([[Saint Paraskevi of Iconium|St. Paraskeva]]{{dn|date=August 2012}}) churchСhurch''' ({{lang-uk|П'ятницька (святої Параскеви) церква}}) is a functioning church in [[ChernigivChernihiv]], [[Ukraine]].'''<ref>{{cite web | url=https://chernihiv.travel/en/place/pyatnitska-tserkva | title=П'ятницька церква }}</ref>'''

== History ==

Pyatnytska churchPiatnytska Church was built at the end of the 12th century – beginning of the 13th century at ChernigivChernihiv public sale area. It is a four-pillar, one-dome, square church.

It differed from other ChernigivChernihiv churches by completion and decoration of the facades with all types of architectural ornaments and by composition of arches under the drum.

It was restored in 1670 and 1690s by costs of ChernigivChernihiv colonel V. Dunyn-Borkovskyi in the [[Ukrainian baroque]] style.

In the 17th - 18th17th–18th centuries there was a nunnery in the church, which was burned out in 1750.

In 1820s a two-storeyed belfry (the architect is A. Kartashevskyi) was built, which was dismantled in 1962.

In 19411943 the church was destroyed.

It was restored in 1962 according to the project of [[Pyotr Baranovsky|Petro Baranovskyi]] in somewhat changed style similar to Russian churches (in particular the dome).

The fate of this monument is unusual. AThe small PyatnytskaPiatnytska churchChurch stood on the public sale area of ChernigivChernihiv ([[Saint Paraskevi of Iconium|Paraskeva PyatnytsiaPiatnytsia]]{{dn|date=August 2012}} has been long since considered as athe trade patron saint). High dome, numerous stucco moulding, elegant proportions of the church – all these features undoubtedly gave grounds to attribute the building to [[Ukrainian baroque]] style of the 17th - 18th17th–18th centuries. The only unusual feature was its centric projection composition. Researchers asserted that the forms of an [[ancientKievan Rus']] building were hidden under the baroque clothes.

In 19411943 a fascistSoviet bomb hit the building. The prominent Soviet researcher of [[ancientArchitecture of Kievan Rus'|Kievan Rus' architecture]] architecture [[Pyotr Baranovsky|P.Baranovskyi]] arrived at [[ChernigivChernihiv]] in December 1943.: "It was me who happened to accompany him and take part in inspections of ChernigivChernihiv buildings. The picture which revealed in front of us was terrible: only ruins remained of PyatnitskaPiatnytska churchChurch, rising lonely above the covered with snow wasted grounds of the city destroyed by the fascist invaders." The investigation of the monument gave unexpected results. The church did not resemble all the known [[ancient Rus']] buildings. Everything attested that this monument was of a new architectural style which was formed in Rus' at the end of the 12th century, at the time of [[The Tale of Igor's Campaign|«The Word to the Honour of Prince’s Igor Regiment»]].

It is known that at that time the [[ancientKievan Rus]]' cities went out on the historical arena. Craftsmanship and trade were rapidly developing there, industrial and trade corporations were organized. That is to say that the social and economic process was taking place, which caused the development of [[Gothic architecture|gothic architectural style]] in Europe .

== Architecture ==

During 10 years [[Pyotr Baranovsky|P.Baranovskyi]] restored PyatnytskaPiatnytska churchChurch, carefully putting a brick to a brick. As a result, he managed to reproduce with great authenticity all the shapes of the building – one of the most prominent monuments of ancientKievan Rus' architecture. The following investigations discovered a lot of other buildings of this architectural style. AnThe elegant PyatnytskaPiatnytska churchChurch stands in the centre of the ancient Ukrainian city of [[ChernigivChernihiv]] behind the city theater, in the middle of a picturesque public garden where ChernigivChernihiv sale area was located long ago. The church is small in size (planned dimensions are 16 to 11,.5 &nbsp;m), with four octahedral pillars inside, with three apsides and a high dome. It is exceptionally well-proportioned, with an unprecedentedly refined and harmonious composition. Unlike the static forms of previous times buildings, the composition of PyatnytskaPiatnytska churchChurch is dynamic, its walls steeply grow upwards with three rows of arches above the main capacity. Verticality of the building is emphasized by the profiled pilasters. Vertical and curvilinear elements which predominate in the composition are balanced by horizontal storeys of the first floor windows, by the passes of decorative niches of different forms and scales, by meander-line frieze which reminds of the architecture of the 11th century, and the reticulated decorative design on apsides. The vertical profiled pilasters on different heights are completed with short but energetic strokes of cornices. Pink color of the walls is combined with the white stuccoed areas of decorative niches and multicoloured decorative ornaments on the portals. Inside the church reminds of a tower. The artistic effect of the fresco painting is emphasized with a multicoloured floor of yellow, green and maroon glazed tiles. In PyatnytskaPiatnytska churchChurch everything is built according to the one, so to say, melodystyle, unlike [[Saint Sophia Cathedral, in KievKyiv|Saint Sofia KyivskaCathedral of Kyiv]], where the composition is developed into an entire symphony. ItPiatnytska is a joyful song about the beauty where the engineering genius of an architect is combined with the poetry of national creation. Pyatnytska churchChurch in [[ChernigivChernihiv]] is sometimes called [[The Tale of Igor's Campaign|«The Word to the Honour of Prince’s Igor Regiment»]] in architecture. Indeed, a prominent monument of [[ancient Rus]] architecture is not only a contemporary of the brilliant poem, but is also close to [[The Tale of Igor's Campaign|«The Word»]] by the character of its poetics, perfection of the form, the national spirit and high inspiration.

==Gallery==

<gallery>

File:Ночной вид на Пятницкую церковь Чернигов.jpg

File:Чернигов. Пятницкая церковь.Цветет сирень.JPG

[[ukFile:П'ятницька церква (Чернігів)]] біля фонтану.jpg▼

[[ruFile:Пятницкая церковь (Чернигов)]]в Чернигове.JPG▼

File:Містична П'ятницька церква.jpg

</gallery>

==See also==

*[[List of Churches and Monasteries in Chernihiv]]

==References==

{{Reflist}}

* [[Encyclopedia of Ukraine]]

== External links ==

{{Commonscat|Pyatnytska Church (Chernihiv)}}

* [http://sketchup.google.com/3dwarehouse/details?mid=3eea72b05e30c740f645b63b05b45c8e&prevstart=0 3D-model of the PyatnytskaPiatnytska church(Google Earth)]

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[[Category:{{Chernihiv]]}}

[[Category:Historic sites in Ukraine]]▼

[[Category:Churches in Ukraine]]▼

[[Category:Buildings and structures in Chernihiv Oblast]]▼

[[Category:Tourist attractions in Chernihiv]]

[[pl:Cerkiew Piatnicka w Czernihowie]]

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▲[[ru:Пятницкая церковь (Чернигов)]]

[[Category:Churches of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine]]

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