Point coloration: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia


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'''Points''' are specific areas of an [[animal coat]] that are colored differently from the main body colorations. Typical point coloration is represented by a pale body color and relatively darker extremities, such as face, ears, feet, tail, and [[scrotum]].{{r|Steeh}} It is most recognizable in the coloration of [[Siamese (cat)|Siamese cats]], but colored points can be found in many mammal species and some points are lighter than the main body color.

== Temperature-dependent colorpoint ==

== Small animals ==

{{main|Acromelanism}}

In many species, colorpoint patterns come from a genetic mechanism causing pigment to be produced only in cooler areas of the body, called [[acromelanism]]. This can be seen in [[cat]]s, [[dog]]s (rare),{{r|Brancalion2021|p=22}} [[fancy rat]]s, [[guinea pig]]s, and [[rabbit]]s.

<gallery mode="packed" caption="ColorpointTemperature-dependent in small animalscolorpoint>▼

{{See also|Cat coat genetics|Dog coat genetics}}

Dark point coloration patterns are seen in [[cat]]s, [[dog]]s (rare), [[fancy rat]]s, [[guinea pig]]s, and [[rabbit]]s and is called [[acromelanism]] or "colorpoint".

Colored points in dogs are lighter than the body coat, and usually tan. Tan points include small patches above the eyes and on the cheeks, the sides of the muzzle, front of neck and chest, lower legs and insides of legs, and under the tail.{{r|Dreger|Chappell}}▼

▲<gallery mode="packed" caption="Colorpoint in small animals>

File:Ghislaine 6028.jpg|Cat

File:Rat siamese.JPG|Fancy rat

File:Himalayan-Guinea pig.jpg|Guinea pig

File:Króliki kalifornijskie 666.jpg|Rabbit

File:Black & Tan kelpie 2.png|Dog with tan points▼

</gallery>

== Dogs ==

▲[[File:Black & Tan kelpie 2.png|Dog with tan points|thumb|upright]]

▲Colored points in dogs are lighter than the body coat, and usually tan. Tan points include small patches above the eyes and on the cheeks, the sides of the muzzle, front of neck and chest, lower legs and insides of legs, and under the tail.{{r|Dreger|Chappell}}

== Horses ==

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[[File:Ram of the Clun Forest breed.jpg|thumb|upright|A sheep showing point coloration of its face, ears, and legs]]

Some breeds of sheep exhibit point coloration with a white fleece and colored head and legs, usually black.{{r|suffolks}} Sheep breeds with black points include: [[Clun Forest sheep|Clun Forest]], [[Dorset Down]], [[Hampshire Down]], [[Norfolk Horn]], [[Oxford Down]], [[Shropshire sheep|Shropshire]], [[Suffolk sheep|Suffolk]], and [[Valais Blacknose]]. Instead of black, [[American Tunis]] sheep have a red face, and [[Wensleydale sheep]] have a blue-grey face.

== Cattle ==

[[File:British White calf trio.jpg|thumb|upright|British White calves]]

In cattle, extreme [[color-sided]]ness creates a colorpoint pattern with a white body and darker ears, nose, and feet. Breeds displaying this pattern include the [[White Park cattle|White Park]], [[British White]] and some [[Irish Moiled]].{{r|porter2016|p=127}}

== See Also ==

* [[Cat coat genetics]]

* [[Dog coat genetics]]

==References==

{{Commonscat|Colorpoint animals}}

{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="Brancalion2021">{{cite journal |last1=Brancalion |first1=L |title=Canine coat pigmentation genetics: a review |journal=Animal Genetics |date=2022 |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=3–34 |doi=10.1111/age.13154 |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/age.13154 |access-date=21 August 2024}}</ref>

<ref name="Chappell">{{Cite web |url=http://www.doggenetics.co.uk/tan.html#tan |title=The Agouti Series : Tan Points |website=Dog Coat Color Genetics |first=Jess |last=Chappell}}</ref>

<ref name="Dreger">{{cite journal|last1=Dreger|first1=Dayna L.|last2=Schmutz|first2=Sheila M.|year=2011|title=A SINE Insertion Causes the Black-and-Tan and Saddle Tan Phenotypes in Domestic Dogs|journal=Journal of Heredity|volume=102|issue=Suppl 1|pages=S11–S18|doi=10.1093/jhered/esr042|pmid=21846741|doi-access=free}}</ref>

<ref name="porter2016">{{Cite book |first1=Valerie |last1=Porter |first2=Lawrence |last2=Alderson |first3=Stephen J.G. |last3=Hall |first4=D. Phillip |last4=Sponenberg |year=2016 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2UEJDAAAQBAJ |title=Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding |edition=Sixth |publisher=[[CAB International|CABI]] |isbn=9781780647944}} </ref>

<ref name="sponen2009">{{Cite book |title=Equine Color Genetics |first=D. Phillip |last=Sponenberg |edition=3rd |year=2009 |publisher=Blackwell Pub. |isbn= |ol=22501687M}}</ref>