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Line 1: {{Short description|Medieval astronomical clock on the Old Town Hall building in Prague, Czech Republic}} {{expand Czech|topic=struct|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox artwork The '''Prague astronomical clock''' or '''Prague Orloj''' ({{Lang-cs|Pražský orloj}} {{IPA-cs|praʃskiː orloj|}}) is a [[Middle Ages|medieval]] [[astronomical clock]] attached to the [[Old Town Hall (Prague)|Old Town Hall]] in [[Prague]], the capital of the [[Czech Republic]].▼ | title = Prague astronomical clock | italic title = no | other_language_1 = Czech | other_title_1 = Pražský orloj | other_language_2 = | other_title_2 = | wikidata = | image = Astronomical Clock (8341899828).jpg | image_upright = | alt = Prague astronomical clock | caption = | artist = | year = <!-- {{start date|df=yes|YYYY}} --> | completion_date = <!-- For a more specific date (post-1583): {{start date|YYYY|MM|DD|df=y}} --> | catalogue = | medium = | movement = | subject = | height_metric = <!-- (i.e. in metric units) --> | width_metric = | length_metric = | diameter_metric = | height_imperial = <!-- (i.e. in imperial units) --> | width_imperial = | length_imperial = | diameter_imperial = | dimensions = | dimensions_ref = | metric_unit = cm <!-- Note: this parameter must either use the value given or not be included --> | imperial_unit = in <!-- Note: this parameter must either use the value given or not be included --> | weight = | designation = | condition = | museum = | city = [[Prague 1]], Czech Republic | coordinates = {{Coord|50|05|13.23|N|14|25|15.30|E|type:landmark|display=inline, title}}▼ | pushpin_map = Czech Republic Prague Central | pushpin_map_caption = Location in Prague | owner = | accession = | preceded_by = <!-- preceding work by the same artist --> | followed_by = <!-- next work by the same artist --> | module = | website = {{URL|https://www.prague.eu/en/object/places/3129/astronomical-clock}} }} ▲The '''Prague astronomical clock''' or '''Prague Orloj''' ({{Lang-cs|Pražský orloj}} {{IPA The clock was first installed in 1410, making it the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest clock still in operation.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Jeho prapradědeček oživil orloj, on v tradici pokračuje |url=https://zpravy.idnes.cz/jeho-prapradedecek-ozivil-orloj-on-v-tradici-pokracuje-p18-/domaci.aspx?c=A071001_094434_praha_itu |work=iDNES.cz |date=1 October 2007}}</ref><ref name=teleuk-605th-doodle /> == Description == The Orloj is mounted on the southern wall of [[Old Town Hall (Prague)|Old Town Hall]] in the [[Old Town Square]]. The clock mechanism has three main components – the astronomical dial, representing the position of the [[Sun]] and [[Moon]] in the sky and displaying various astronomical details; statues of various [[Saint#Catholic Church|Catholic saints]] stand on either side of the clock; "The Walk of the [[Apostles in the New Testament|Apostles]]", an [[hour]]ly show of moving Apostle figures and other sculptures, notably a figure of a skeleton that represents [[Death (personification)|Death]], striking the time; and a calendar dial with medallions representing the months. According to local legend, the city will suffer if the clock is neglected and its good operation is placed in jeopardy; a ghost, mounted on the clock, was supposed to nod its head in confirmation. According to the legend, the only hope was represented by a boy born on New Year's night.<ref name="PCL-Legends of clock">{{Cite web |title=Legends Of The Old Town Astronomical Clock |url=http://www.praguecityline.com/prague-monuments/legends-of-the-old-town-astronomical-clock |website == History == Line 18 ⟶ 65: In 1629 or 1659 wooden statues were added, and figures of the Apostles were added after a major repair in 1787–1791. During the next major repair in the years 1865–1866 the golden figure of a crowing rooster was added. The Orloj suffered heavy damage on 7 and especially 8 May 1945, during the [[Prague uprising]], when the Nazis fired on the south-west side of the [[Old Town Square]] from several [[Armoured fighting vehicle|armoured vehicles]] in an unsuccessful attempt to destroy one of the centers of the uprising. The hall and nearby buildings burned, along with the wooden sculptures on the clock and the calendar dial face made by [[Josef Mánes]].<ref name="tank">{{Cite web|title=Zničil orloj zásah z německého tanku?|url=http://www.orloj.eu/cs/otazniky_omyly_tank.htm | website=Pražský orloj– The Orloj was renovated in autumn 2005, when the statues and the lower calendar ring were restored. The wooden statues were covered with a net to keep pigeons away. Line 28 ⟶ 75: === 605th anniversary === On its 605th anniversary, 9 October 2015, the Orloj appeared on the Google home page as a [[Google Doodle]].<ref name=teleuk-605th-doodle>{{Cite news |last1=Williams |first1=Rhiannon |title=Prague astronomical clock, the oldest of its kind, is 605 years old |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/google/google-doodle/11919530/Prague-astronomical-clock-the-oldest-of-its-kind-is-605-years-old.html |access-date=9 October 2015 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=9 October 2015 |location=UK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https:// === 2018 reconstruction === The Orloj was taken down for reconstruction and replaced by a [[LED display|LED screen]] in early 2018, with the restoration works scheduled to last for the whole summer tourist season of 2018 and the restored actual Orloj eventually being back in service soon enough to commemorate the 100th [[Origins of Czechoslovakia|anniversary of Czechoslovakia]] at the end of October 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://praha.idnes.cz/obrazovka-orloj-praha-staromestska-radnice-fes-/praha-zpravy.aspx?c=A180315_132338_praha-zpravy_nuc|title=Orloj na pražské Staroměstské radnici nahradila digitální obrazovka|date=2018-03-15|website=iDNES.cz|access-date=2018-06-12}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://prazsky.denik.cz/zpravy_region/rekonstrukce-orloje-se-protahne-spusten-bude-az-na-konci-rijna-20180206.html|title=Rekonstrukce orloje se protáhne. Spuštěn bude až na konci října|date=2018-02-06|work=Pražský deník|access-date=2018-06-12|language=cs}}</ref> With the reconstruction and restoration work completed, it resumed operations at 6 p.m. local time on 28 September 2018.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.itv.com/news/2018-09-26/pragues-famous-astronomical-clock-restored-to-former-glory/|title=Prague's famous astronomical clock restored to former glory|publisher=ITV News. 26 September 2018 | access-date=28 September 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news === 2022 reconstruction controversy === The artwork on the Orloj became the center of controversy after a local heritage group noticed the reproduction had "radically changed the appearance, ages, skin tone, dress and even genders of the figures" illustrated by Mánes in 1866.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/02/pragues-orloj-clock-centre-row-artist-amateur-restoration|title= ''The Guardian'' reported that the artist may have put the likenesses of his friends and acquaintances into the work, "possibly as a joke."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jun/02/pragues-orloj-clock-centre-row-artist-amateur-restoration|title= == Astronomical dial == Line 99 ⟶ 146: |} The calendar plate below the clock was replaced by a copy in 1880. The original made by Josef Mánes is stored in the Prague City Museum.<ref name="The Old Town Astronomical Clock">{{Cite web |url=http://www.praguecityline.com/prague-monuments/the-old-town-astronomical-clock-calendar-board |website Next to the calendar stands a [[philosopher]], [[Michael (archangel)|archangel Michael]] pointing at the top of the dial, an [[astronomer]] and a [[chronicle]]r. Line 121 ⟶ 168: === Other sources === * {{Cite book |last=Horský |first=Zdeněk |title=Pražský orloj |publisher=Panorama |date=1988 |language=cs |location=Prague }} * {{ == External links == Line 130 ⟶ 177: * [http://www.gypsynester.com/pc.htm The Kick Astronomical Clock of Prague] Gypsynester * [http://blog.longnow.org/2010/10/13/prague-astronomical-clock-600th-anniversary-show/ Orloj – 600th Anniversary Show] * [http://www.wijzerweb.be/prague.html Animated explanation of the movements of the clock] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121173324/http://www.wijzerweb.be/prague.html |date=2020-11-21 }} ▲{{Coord|50|05|13.23|N|14|25|15.30|E|type:landmark|display=title}} {{Astronomical clocks}} |