Reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia


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[[File:Save_Mariupol_(51953062017).jpg|thumb| Protests against [[Siege of Mariupol|Russian bombing of Mariupol]] by Syrian activists in [[Central London]], March 2022]]

The invasion received widespread international condemnation [[Government and intergovernmental reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine|from governments and intergovernmental organisations]], with reactions including [[International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine|new sanctions]] imposed on Russia, which triggered [[Economic impact of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|widespread economic effects on the Russian and world economies]].<ref name="Sanctions slams Russian economy">{{cite news |last1=Chernova |first1=Anna |last2=Cotovio |first2=Vasco |last3=Thompson |first3=Mark |date=28 February 2022 |title=Sanctions slams Russian economy |publisher=CNN |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/02/28/business/russia-ruble-banks-sanctions/index.html |url-status=live |access-date=28 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220228085645/https://edition.cnn.com/2022/02/28/business/russia-ruble-banks-sanctions/index.html |archive-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> The European Union financed and delivered military equipment to Ukraine. The bloc also implemented various economic sanctions, including a ban on Russian aircraft using EU airspace,<ref>{{cite web |title=EU adopts new set of measures to respond to Russia's military aggression against Ukraine |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/02/28/eu-adopts-new-set-of-measures-to-respond-to-russia-s-military-aggression-against-ukraine/ |publisher=Europa (web portal)}}</ref> a [[SWIFT]] ban on certain Russian banks, and a ban on certain Russian media outlets.<ref>{{cite web |title=EU imposes sanctions on state-owned outlets RT/Russia Today and Sputnik's broadcasting in the EU |url=https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/03/02/eu-imposes-sanctions-on-state-owned-outlets-rt-russia-today-and-sputnik-s-broadcasting-in-the-eu/ |publisher=Europa (web portal)}}</ref>

[[Non-government reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine|Non-government reactions to the invasion]] included widespread [[2022 boycott of Russia and Belarus|boycotts of Russia and Belarus]] in the areas of entertainment, media, business, and sport.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Timsit |first1=Annabelle |last2=Simon |first2=Maite Fernández |date=2 March 2022 |title=Russia boycott: A list of global campaigns that are underway in support of Ukraine |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/02/boycotts-russia-invasion-ukraine/ |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305175234/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/02/boycotts-russia-invasion-ukraine/ |archive-date=5 March 2022 |issn=0190-8286 |oclc=2269358}}</ref> Many

Fleeing Indians,<ref>{{cite web |date=2 March 2022 |title=How Indians fleeing Ukraine ran into racism |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/how-indians-fleeing-ukraine-ran-into-racism/articleshow/89950079.cms |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220326055741/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/how-indians-fleeing-ukraine-ran-into-racism/articleshow/89950079.cms |archive-date=26 March 2022 |access-date=26 March 2022 |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> Africans, and Middle Easterners working and studying in Ukraine have reported racism atfrom the hands of UkrainianUkrainians and other Eastern EuropeanEuropeans in countries they fled to.<ref>{{cite news |last=Tobore Ovuorie |date=9 April 2022 |title=Ukraine war: African students face Russian missiles and racism |publisher=Deutsche Welle |url=https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-war-african-students-face-russian-missiles-and-racism/a-61356066 |access-date=2 May 2022}}</ref> The head of the [[World Health Organization]], [[Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus]], has asked whether or not "the world really gives equal attention to black and white lives". He then proceeded to list other countries and compared them to the coverage of Ukraine: [[Ethiopia]], [[Yemen]], [[Afghanistan]], and [[Syria]].<ref>{{cite news |date=13 April 2022 |title=Ukraine attention shows bias against black lives, WHO chief says |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-61101732 |access-date=2 May 2022}}</ref>

There were also immediate [[Protests against the Russian invasion of Ukraine|worldwide protests against the invasion]] and [[2022 anti-war protests in Russia|daily protests in Russia itself]].<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Burakovsky |first=Arik |date=3 March 2022 |title=Putin's Invasion of Ukraine Has Sparked Antiwar Protests in Russia. They Could Be His Undoing |url=https://time.com/6154240/russia-protests-war-ukraine-putin/ |url-status=live |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |issn=0040-781X |oclc=1311479 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220303192550/https://time.com/6154240/russia-protests-war-ukraine-putin/ |archive-date=3 March 2022 |access-date=4 March 2022}}</ref> As well as the demonstrations, petitions and open letters were published in opposition to the war, and public figures, both cultural and political, released statements against the war.<ref>{{cite news |title=Russia's anti-war lobby goes online |url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20220226-russia-s-anti-war-lobby-goes-online |publisher=[[France 24]] |date=26 February 2022}}</ref> The protests were met with widespread repression by the Russian authorities. According to [[OVD-Info]], at least 14,906 people were detained from 24 February to 13 March 2022.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://reports.ovdinfo.org/no-to-war |script-title=ru:Нет войне – Как российские власти борются с антивоенными протестами |trans-title=No to war – How Russian authorities are fighting anti-war protests |language=ru |website=[[OVD-Info]] |access-date=28 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Shevchenko |first=Vitaly |date=15 March 2022 |title=Ukraine war: Protester exposes cracks in Kremlin's war message |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60749064 |access-date=15 March 2022 |archive-date=15 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220315140128/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60749064 |url-status=live}}</ref> The Russian government cracked down on other forms of opposition to the war, including introducing widespread censorship measures and repression against people who signed anti-war petitions.<ref>{{cite web|date=4 March 2022 |title=Joint Letter to the United Nations Human Rights Council on the human rights situation in Russia |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/03/04/joint-letter-united-nations-human-rights-council-human-rights-situation-russia |access-date=4 March 2022 |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]] |archive-date=5 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220305094647/https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/03/04/joint-letter-united-nations-human-rights-council-human-rights-situation-russia |url-status=live}}</ref> In July 2022, Moscow city councillor [[Alexei Gorinov]] was jailed for seven years for criticizing Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the first time someone went to jail under the new [[Russian fake news laws|Russian 2022 war censorship laws]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Karev |first1=Andrey |title='I'll be exonerated much sooner than this' |url=https://novayagazeta.eu/articles/2022/07/10/ill-be-exonerated-much-sooner-than-this |work=[[Novaya Gazeta|Novaya Gazeta Europa]] |date=10 July 2022}}</ref> Meanwhile, other Russians, including [[Alexandra Skochilenko]] and [[Vladimir Kara-Murza]], await similar trials.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Sauer |first1=Pjotr |title=Moscow councillor jailed for seven years after criticising Ukraine war |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jul/08/moscow-councillor-jailed-seven-years-criticising-ukraine-war-alexei-gorinov |publisher=Guardian News & Media Limited |date=8 July 2022}}</ref> As well as the protests, there were also reported instances of [[anti-Russian sentiment]] and discrimination against the [[Russian diaspora]] and Russian-speaking immigrants as a result of the war.<ref>{{cite news |title=As Ukraine war intensifies, some Russian speakers far from Moscow are feeling hostility |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/03/03/anti-russian-sentiment-us/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=3 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Beardsworth |first=James |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/03/04/russians-abroad-blamed-for-a-regime-they-sought-to-escape-a76762 |title=Russians Abroad: Blamed for a Regime They Sought to Escape |work=[[Moscow Times]] |date=4 March 2022}}</ref> Ukraine has decided to rename the streets of Ukrainian cities named after Russian historical figures like [[Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky|Tchaikovsky]] or [[Leo Tolstoy|Tolstoy]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Goodbye, Tchaikovsky and Tolstoy: Ukrainians look to 'decolonize' their streets |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/06/07/world/europe/ukraine-russia-rename-streets.html |work=The New York Times |date=7 June 2022}}</ref> In some parts of Ukraine that were newly occupied by Russian armed forces, [[2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine|protests against the occupiers took place]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Ukraine war: Protests held in Russian occupied Ukrainian cities Kherson, Energodar and Berdyansk |url=https://inews.co.uk/news/protests-held-russian-occupied-ukrainian-cities-kherson-energodar-and-berdyansk-1528616 |work=[[i (newspaper)|inews.co.uk]] |date=20 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ukraine war: A glimpse inside Kherson, the city occupied by Russian forces, through the eyes of a Ukrainian resistance volunteer |url=https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-war-a-glimpse-inside-kherson-the-city-occupied-by-russian-forces-through-the-eyes-of-a-ukrainian-resistance-volunteer-12570302 |publisher=[[Sky News]] |date=20 March 2022}}</ref>

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[[Pope Francis]] said that [[NATO]] may have caused Russia's invasion of Ukraine, because the alliance was "barking" at Russia's door.<ref>{{cite news |last=Roberts |first=Hannah |date=3 May 2022 |title=Pope says NATO may have caused Russia's invasion of Ukraine |newspaper=[[Politico]] |url=https://www.politico.eu/article/pope-francis-nato-cause-ukraine-invasion-russia/ |url-status=live |access-date=28 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503142515/https://www.politico.eu/article/pope-francis-nato-cause-ukraine-invasion-russia/ |archive-date=3 May 2022}}</ref> He also warned that the war in Ukraine was becoming like the [[Spanish Civil War]], in which new and more powerful weapons were tested.<ref>{{cite news |last=Coleman |first=Julie |date=3 May 2022 |title=The Pope says the Russians are learning that 'their tanks are useless' in Ukraine |newspaper=[[Business Insider]] |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/pope-says-the-russians-learning-their-tanks-are-useless-ukraine-2022-5 |url-status=live |access-date=28 May 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503233759/https://www.businessinsider.com/pope-says-the-russians-learning-their-tanks-are-useless-ukraine-2022-5 |archive-date=3 May 2022}}</ref> He later implicitly accused Russia of an "armed conquest, expansionism and imperialism in Ukraine".<ref>{{cite news |last=Pullella |first=Philip |date=30 June 2022 |title=Pope implicitly accuses Russia of aggression, imperialism in Ukraine |publisher=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/pope-implicitly-accuses-russia-aggression-imperialism-ukraine-2022-06-30/ |access-date=2 July 2022}}</ref>

== Public reaction ==

{{further|Protests against the Russian invasion of Ukraine}}

The invasion received widespread public condemnation internationally. Protests and demonstrations were held worldwide including in many post-Soviet countries and some in Russia itself.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pictures: 30,000 people protest in Tallinn against the Russian invasion of Ukraine |url=https://estonianworld.com/pictures/pictures-30000-people-protest-in-tallinn-against-the-russian-invasion-of-ukraine/ |date=26 February 2022 |last=Tambur |first=Silver |publisher=Estonian world}}</ref>

Russian monuments across Europe were subject of vandalism with some even demolished.<ref>{{cite news |title=Seeing red! Across Poland Soviet war memorials are being vandalised and defaced |url=https://www.thefirstnews.com/article/seeing-red-across-poland-soviet-war-memorials-are-being-vandalised-and-defaced-28858 |publisher=The First News |date=17 March 2022 |last=Webber |first=Alex}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/politics/short_news/neo-nazis-vandalise-soviet-monument-in-athens/ |title=Neo-Nazis vandalise Soviet monument in Athens |date=21 March 2022 |publisher=[[Euractiv]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/aug/16/estonia-removes-soviet-era-tank-monument-amid-russia-tensions-narva |title=Estonia removes Soviet-era tank monument amid Russia tensions |date=16 August 2022 |last=Henley |first=Jon |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

The Russian ambassador to Poland was pelted with red paint by pro-Ukraine protestors while laying flowers in a Russian military cemetery.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://theguardian.com/world/2022/may/09/russian-ambassador-to-poland-sergey-andreev-pelted-with-red-paint-at-ve-day-gathering |title=Russian ambassador to Poland pelted with red paint at VE Day gathering |date=9 May 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]] |last=Sauer |first=Pjotr}}</ref> The invasion became a [[viral phenomenon]] on social media and calls for [[Boycott of Russia and Belarus|mass boycotts of Russian culture and goods]] flooded multiple social media platforms.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/think/amp/rcna26971 |title=Putin invaded Ukraine. But Russian immigrants are paying the price |last=Brooks |first=Hannah |date=2 May 2022 |publisher=[[NBC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2022/03/28/russia-sanctions-ukraine-corporate-boycotts-could-backfire/ |title=How Corporate Boycotts Could Backfire |date=28 March 2022 |publisher=[[Foreign Policy (magazine)|Foreign Policy]] |last=Braw |first=Elizabeth}}</ref> People from across the world tried to attack and shutdown Russian websites, particularly those operated by the Russian government.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.ft.com/content/3391bf8c-e431-415c-b7c5-9eeee08b3374 |title=Russia pummelled by pro-Ukrainian hackers following invasion |publisher=[[Financial Times]] |last=Srivastava |first=Mehul |date=6 May 2022}}</ref>

[[File:A Commons Protest - 0559.jpg|thumb|Protest on Boston Commons in support of Ukraine]]

Some Russians living in Europe and the United States reported that opposition to Russia's invasion of Ukraine had subjected them to [[anti-Russian sentiment]] including harassment and vandalism.<ref>{{cite news|last=Beardsworth|first=James|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/03/04/russians-abroad-blamed-for-a-regime-they-sought-to-escape-a76762|title=Russians Abroad: Blamed for a Regime They Sought to Escape|work=[[The Moscow Times]]|date=4 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220306231213/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/03/04/russians-abroad-blamed-for-a-regime-they-sought-to-escape-a76762 |archive-date=6 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=As Ukraine war intensifies, some Russian speakers far from Moscow are feeling hostility|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/nation/2022/03/03/anti-russian-sentiment-us/|newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]|date=3 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.aa.com.tr/en/russia-ukraine-crisis/russians-across-europe-face-discrimination-hostility-due-to-war-in-ukraine/2522259 |title=Russians across Europe face discrimination, hostility due to war in Ukraine |date=3 March 2022 |publisher=[[Anadolu Agency]]}}</ref>

Russian sources reported that Russian students were being expelled by European universities, but the [[European University Association]] stated that none of its 800+ members had expelled Russians.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://interfax.com/newsroom/top-stories/74778/ |title=Russian students being expelled from European universities due to situation in Ukraine - Russian ombudsman |date=28 February 2022 |publisher=Interface}}</ref><ref name="EuroUni">{{cite web |title='Untrue': University body says European unis have not been expelling Russian students |url=https://www.studyinternational.com/news/russian-students-european-unis/ |access-date=2 September 2023 |date=4 March 2022 |quote=European universities have not been expelling Russian students amid the Russia-Ukraine war, said the European University Association (EUA). In a tweet, EUA, which represents over 800 universities and national rectors' conferences in 48 European countries, said "it is untrue and EUA hasn't received any report of potential expulsions by any of its members".}}</ref> A proposal by US Congressman [[Eric Swalwell]] to expel Russian students from US universities was not enacted.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2022/02/27/critics-reject-rep-swalwells-idea-to-expel-all-russian-students/?sh=1c3478265272 |title=Critics Reject Rep. Swalwell's Idea To Expel All Russian Students |date=27 February 2022 |last=Anderson |first=Stuart |work=[[Forbes]]}}</ref>

In 2022, the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants (Lebanon)|Lebanese Foreign Ministry]] condemned [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russia's military invasion of Ukraine]] and called on Moscow to "immediately halt military operations." Russia's embassy in Lebanon expressed surprise at this condemnation, releasing a statement that "The statement... surprised us [the Russian embassy] by violating the policy of dissociation and by taking one side against another in these events, noting that Russia spared no effort in contributing to the advancement and stability of the Lebanese Republic".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-02-26 |title=Russia says it is surprised by Lebanon's condemnation of invasion |website=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-says-it-is-surprised-by-lebanons-condemnation-invasion-2022-02-25/ |access-date=2024-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220226100000/https://www.reuters.com/world/russia-says-it-is-surprised-by-lebanons-condemnation-invasion-2022-02-25/ |archive-date=26 February 2022 }}</ref>

UK Prime Minister [[Boris Johnson]] among others has warned of the danger of "Ukraine fatigue" and "stressed the importance of allied nations showing they would stand by Kyiv for the long-term".<ref>{{cite news |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-61854890 |title=Ukraine round-up: UK PM warns of 'Ukraine fatigue' as Zelensky visits front-line cities |date=18 June 2022 |access-date=26 November 2022}}</ref><ref>Ryan, M. ''et al'', [https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2022/11/05/ukraine-russia-peace-negotiations/ U.S. privately asks Ukraine to show it's open to negotiate with Russia], ''Washington Post'', published 5 November 2022, accessed 26 November 2022</ref> According to the [[Rand Corporation]], "Russia's strategy seems to be largely based on protraction: Let the war grind on, and eventually the United States and its allies will lose interest, and the Ukrainians will cave."<ref name="Rand2023">{{cite web |title=The Myth of America's Ukraine Fatigue |url=https://www.rand.org/blog/2023/01/the-myth-of-americas-ukraine-fatigue.html |publisher=Rand Corporation |access-date=2 September 2023 |quote=in absolute terms, support for Ukraine among Americans remains relatively robust—hovering at 57 percent (PDF) or more (PDF), depending on the poll. This is a remarkable fact, particularly now that the war is nearly a year old. Nor is it unusual for there to be a partisan skew in opinion on a war. Conflicts—including in Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan—often begin with support from both sides of the aisle. But as wars draw on, and as the original motive for the intervention begins to fade from collective memory, partisan divides creep in.}}</ref> Several European newspapers, working from leaked Russian intelligence documents and social media photos, described Russian efforts to exaggerate anti-Ukraine sentiment by photographing a few protestors holding anti-Ukraine signs against a backdrop of large demonstrations about other matters.<ref name="LM_en">{{cite news |title=How Russia is staging fake protests in Europe to discredit Ukraine |url=https://www.lemonde.fr/en/international/article/2023/05/07/how-russia-is-staging-fake-protests-in-europe-to-discredit-ukraine_6025808_4.html |access-date=9 May 2023 |work=Le Monde |date=8 May 2023 |quote=On February 11, 2023, the Place de la République in Paris was full of people. Thousands of demonstrators had gathered against the pension reform. But, in the middle of the crowd, three men stood out. One of them held a sign, which read: "EU [European Union], America, stop financing the war in Ukraine."}}</ref><ref name="DW">{{cite news |title=Russia staging protests for anti-Ukraine propaganda — report |url=https://www.dw.com/en/russia-staging-protests-for-anti-ukraine-propaganda-report/a-65544741 |access-date=9 May 2023 |date=8 May 2023 |language=en |quote=The joint research by the Süddeutsche Zeitung, German broadcasters NDR and WDR, French paper Le Monde, Swedish paper Expressen and the Scandinavian broadcasters DR (Denmark), NRK (Norway) and SVT (Sweden) is based on leaked strategy papers that are said to have come from the Kremlin's security apparatus.}}</ref>

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Social media users shared real-time information about the invasion.<ref>{{cite news |last=Stelter |first=Brian |date=17 March 2022 |title=Zelensky meets Americans where they are with video calls and mass media |url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/17/media/zelensky-video-call-modern-war/index.html |access-date=22 March 2022 |publisher=CNN}}</ref>

Depictions of earlier events or other misinformation, sometimes deliberate, were also shared, in addition to authentic first-hand portrayals.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Seitz |first1=Amanda |last2=Klepper |first2=David |date=25 February 2022 |title=Propaganda, fake videos of Ukraine invasion bombard users |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/propaganda-fake-videos-ukraine-invasion-bombard-users-83102027 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/wireStory/propaganda-fake-videos-ukraine-invasion-bombard-users-83102027 |archive-date=27 February 2022 |access-date=27 February 2022 |website=[[ABC News]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Coleman |first1=Alistair |last2=Sardarizadeh |first2=Shayan |title=Ukraine conflict: Many misleading images have been shared online |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/60513452 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220301/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/60513452 |archive-date=1 March 2022 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=24 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Kern |first1=Rebecca |last2=Scott |first2=Mark |last3=Goujard |first3=Clothilde |date=24 February 2022 |title=Social media platforms on the defensive as Russian-based disinformation about Ukraine spreads |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2022/02/24/social-media-platforms-russia-ukraine-disinformation-00011559 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220301/https://www.politico.com/news/2022/02/24/social-media-platforms-russia-ukraine-disinformation-00011559 |archive-date=1 March 2022 |access-date=1 March 2022 |website=[[Politico]]}}</ref> While many outlets tagged these misleading videos and images as false content, other sites did not.<ref>{{cite news |last=Sardarizadeh |first=Shayan |date=25 April 2022 |title=Ukraine war: False TikTok videos draw millions of views |language=en-GB |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/60867414 |access-date=25 April 2022}}</ref>

Putin introduced [[Russian 2022 war censorship laws|prison sentences of up to 15 years]] for publishing "fake news" about Russian military operations,<ref>{{cite news |title=Even Russia's Kremlin-backed media is going off message and beginning to question Putin's war on Ukraine |url=https://fortune.com/2022/03/11/russia-kremlin-backed-media-off-message-question-putin-war-ukraine-invasion/ |work=[[Fortune (magazine)|Fortune]] |date=11 March 2022 |access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref> and fines or up to three years prison for calling for sanctions,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/03/04/putin-signs-law-introducing-jail-terms-for-fake-news-on-army-a76768 |title=Putin Signs Law Introducing Jail Terms for 'Fake News' on Army |website=[[Moscow Times]] |date=4 March 2022 |access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Ukraine invasion: Russia passes law threatening 15 years in jail for spreading 'fake' information about the military |url=https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-invasion-russia-passes-law-threatening-15-years-in-jail-for-spreading-fake-information-about-the-military-12557176 |publisher=[[Sky News]] |date=4 March 2022 |access-date=29 March 2022}}</ref> prompting most Russian outlets to stop reporting on Ukraine. The Russian censorship agency ''[[Roskomnadzor]]'' ordered media to only use information from Russian state sources,<ref>{{cite web |date=24 February 2022 |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/02/24/use-only-official-sources-about-ukraine-war-russian-media-watchdog-tells-journalists-a76567 |title=Use Only Official Sources About Ukraine War, Russian Media Watchdog Tells Journalists |website=[[Moscow Times]] |access-date=24 February 2022 |archive-date=24 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220224123216/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/02/24/use-only-official-sources-about-ukraine-war-russian-media-watchdog-tells-journalists-a76567 |url-status=live}}</ref> and to describe the war as a "special military operation".<ref>{{cite web |title=Do not call Ukraine invasion a 'war', Russia tells media, schools |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/2/do-not-call-ukraine-invasion-a-war-russia-tells-media-schools |date=2 March 2022 |access-date=27 March 2022 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al Jazeera]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=26 February 2022 |last=Landen |first=Xander |title=Russia Tells Media to Delete Stories Mentioning Ukraine 'Invasion' |work=[[Newsweek]] |url=https://www.newsweek.com/russia-tells-media-delete-stories-mentioning-ukraine-invasion-1682973 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://www.newsweek.com/russia-tells-media-delete-stories-mentioning-ukraine-invasion-1682973 |archive-date=27 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |title=Russia Bans Media Outlets From Using Words 'War,' 'Invasion' |date=26 February 2022 |magazine=[[Moscow Times]] |url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/02/26/russia-bans-media-outlets-from-using-words-war-invasion-a76605 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/02/26/russia-bans-media-outlets-from-using-words-war-invasion-a76605 |archive-date=27 February 2022}}</ref> Roskomnadzor also restricted access to Facebook,<ref>{{cite web|title=Russia Puts 'Partial Restriction' on Facebook Access Citing Censorship on State Media |website=India.com |date=25 February 2022 |url=https://www.india.com/news/world/russia-puts-partial-restriction-on-facebook-access-citing-censorship-on-state-media-5258636/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220226/https://www.india.com/news/world/russia-puts-partial-restriction-on-facebook-access-citing-censorship-on-state-media-5258636/ |archive-date=26 February 2022}}</ref> after it refused to stop fact-checking posts by state-owned [[Zvezda (TV channel)|Zvezda]], [[RIA Novosti]], ''[[Lenta.ru]]'', and ''[[Gazeta.Ru]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=Russia is limiting access to Facebook. The company says it was ordered to stop fact-checking |url=https://www.npr.org/live-updates/russia-invades-ukraine-news-friday#russia-is-limiting-access-to-facebook-the-company-says-it-was-ordered-to-stop-fact-checking |url-status=live |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220226/https://www.npr.org/live-updates/russia-invades-ukraine-news-friday#russia-is-limiting-access-to-facebook-the-company-says-it-was-ordered-to-stop-fact-checking |first=Shannon |last=Bond |archive-date=26 February 2022 |publisher=[[NPR]] |access-date=26 February 2022 |date=25 February 2022}}</ref> Pro-Kremlin television pundits like [[Vladimir Solovyov (journalist)|Vladimir Solovyov]] and Russian state-controlled channels like [[Russia-24]],<ref>{{cite magazine |first=Masha |last=Gessen |title=The War That Russians Do Not See |url=https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/03/14/the-war-that-russians-do-not-see |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |date=4 March 2022 |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> [[Russia-1]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Grafton-Green |first=Patrick |title=School children force fed Putin's propaganda as Russian media hides Ukraine truths |url=https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/how-the-russian-state-media-is-portraying-putins-invasion/ |work=[[LBC]] |date=3 March 2022 |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> and [[Channel One Russia|Channel One]]<ref>{{cite web|first=Emma |last=Gray |url=http://www.cpj.org/Briefings/2000/Russia_analysis_March00/Russia_analysis_march00.html |title=Putin's Media War |website=CPJ Press Freedom Reports |date=27 March 2000 |access-date=23 April 2008}}</ref> follow the government narrative.<ref>{{cite news |last=Vorobyov |first=Niko |date=24 February 2022 |title=How is the Ukraine invasion being viewed in Russia? |publisher=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al Jazeera]] |publication-place=Saint Petersburg |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/no-choice-but-to-invade-ukraine-kremlin |url-status=live |access-date=25 March 2022 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/2/24/no-choice-but-to-invade-ukraine-kremlin |archive-date=27 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Simmons |first=Ann |title=Russian State Media Bolster Putin's Narrative for Ukraine Invasion |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-state-media-bolster-putins-narrative-for-ukraine-invasion-11645874643 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220227/https://www.wsj.com/articles/russian-state-media-bolster-putins-narrative-for-ukraine-invasion-11645874643 |archive-date=27 February 2022 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |date=26 February 2022 |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Korenyuk |first1=Maria |last2=Goodman |first2=Jack |title=Ukraine war: 'My city's being shelled, but mum won't believe me' |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60600487 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=4 March 2022 |access-date=25 March 2022}}</ref> The state-controlled TV where most Russians get their news<ref>{{cite news |title=How Russian media outlets are preparing an attack on Ukraine |url=https://www.dw.com/en/how-russian-media-outlets-are-preparing-an-attack-on-ukraine/a-60801837 |publisher=[[Deutsche Welle]] |date=16 February 2022}}</ref> presented the invasion as a liberation mission.<ref>{{cite news |title='Pure Orwell': how Russian state media spins invasion as liberation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/feb/25/pure-orwell-how-russian-state-media-spins-ukraine-invasion-as-liberation |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=25 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Russians in the dark about true state of war amid country's Orwellian media coverage |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/04/03/media/russia-media-ukraine-cmd-intl/index.html |publisher=CNN |date=3 April 2022}}</ref> [[Echo of Moscow]] closed down,<ref>{{cite news |last=Troianovski |first=Anton |author-link=Anton Troianovski |date=3 March 2022 |title=Echo of Moscow, a liberal Russian radio station, is shut down |magazine=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/live/2022/03/02/world/ukraine-russia-war?smtyp=cur&smid=tw-nytimes#echo-of-moscow-a-liberal-russian-radio-station-is-shut-down}}</ref> and Roskomnadzor blocked access to [[BBC News Russian]], [[Voice of America]], [[RFE/RL]], [[Deutsche Welle]], and ''[[Meduza]]'', as well as Facebook and Twitter.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/business/media-telecom/russia-restricts-access-bbc-russian-service-radio-liberty-ria-2022-03-04/ |title=Russia blocks access to BBC and Voice of America websites |work=[[Reuters]] |date=4 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2022/03/04/facebook-multiple-media-sites-partially-down-in-russia-afp-ngo-a76750 |title=Facebook, Multiple Media Sites Partially Down in Russia – AFP, NGO |website=[[Moscow Times]] |date=4 March 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/04/russia-completely-blocks-access-to-facebook-and-twitter |title=Russia blocks access to Facebook and Twitter |date=4 March 2022 |access-date=4 March 2022 |website=[[The Guardian]] |last=Milmo |first=Dan}}</ref> A Moscow court demanded that [[Russian-language Wikipedia]] remove information about the invasion, and it fined the [[Wikimedia Foundation]] 5 million rubles for refusing to comply.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Walker |first1=David |title=Wikipedia Appeals over Moscow Court Order to Remove Articles on Invasion |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/06/14/russia-ukraine-war-putin-news-live-updates/#link-4QLFULAP75ERNKIFSDOSN2YFLU |access-date=14 June 2022 |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=14 June 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Wikipedia Challenges Russian Order to Remove Ukraine War Information |url=https://www.dw.com/en/wikipedia-challenges-russian-order-to-remove-ukraine-war-information/a-62117507 |access-date=14 June 2022 |work=DW |date=13 June 2022}}</ref> The foundation was also fined 2 million rubles ($27,000) by a Russian court for failing to remove what was regarded by authorities as "misinformation" about the Russian military.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/technology/russian-court-fines-wikipedia-over-military-misinformation-2023-02-28/|title=Russian court fines Wikipedia over military 'misinformation'|work=Reuters|date=28 February 2023|access-date=28 February 2023}}</ref>

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[[File:Місто Буча після звільнення від російських окупантів.jpg|thumb|[[Bucha massacre|Executed people]] with wrists bound in plastic restraints, in a basement in [[Bucha, Kyiv Oblast|Bucha]]]]

The Russian invasion of Ukraine has been widely regarded as an [[War of aggression|act of aggression]] that violated the [[Charter of the United Nations]]. In addition, Russia was accused of [[war crime]]s and [[crimes against humanity]], and waging war in violation of [[international law]], [[Indiscriminate attack|indiscriminately attacking]] densely populated areas and exposing civilians to unnecessary and [[Disproportionate force|disproportionate]] harm.<ref>{{cite web |title=Russian military commits indiscriminate attacks during the invasion of Ukraine |publisher=[[Amnesty International]] |date=25 February 2022 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/02/russian-military-commits-indiscriminate-attacks-during-the-invasion-of-ukraine |access-date=25 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220225151333/https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/02/russian-military-commits-indiscriminate-attacks-during-the-invasion-of-ukraine |archive-date=25 February 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=18 March 2022 |title=Ukraine: Deadly Attacks Kill, Injure Civilians, Destroy Homes |url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/03/18/ukraine-deadly-attacks-kill-injure-civilians-destroy-homes |access-date=27 March 2022 |publisher=[[Human Rights Watch]]}}</ref><ref name="HRMMU_Statement_March">{{cite web |last=Bogner |first=Matilda |date=25 March 2022 |title=Situation in Ukraine. Statement delivered by the Head of Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine on the situation in Ukraine |url=https://www.ohchr.org/en/statements/2022/03/situation-ukraine |publisher=[[Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights]]}}</ref> Russian forces used [[cluster munitions]], repudiated by most states because of their immediate and long-term danger to civilians.<ref name="HRMMU_Report_March">{{cite report |url=https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/2022-03/HRMMU_Update_2022-03-26_EN.pdf |title=HRMMU Update on the human rights situation in Ukraine, 24 February – 26 March 2022 |date=28 March 2022 |publisher=[[UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Lance |first=Rachel |author-link=Rachel Lance |date= |title=The Enduring Danger of Cluster Bombs |magazine=Wired |url=https://www.wired.com/story/russia-ukraine-cluster-bombs/ |access-date=2 April 2022 |magazine=Wired |issn=1059-1028}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/60591017 |title=Anatomy of an attack: Is Russia using cluster bombs in Ukraine? |first1=Josh |last1=Cheetham |first2=Kayleen |last2=Devlin |first3=Jack |last3=Goodman |first4=Maria |last4=Korenyuk |work=[[BBC News]] |date=3 March 2022}}</ref> and fired other wide-area explosives like air-dropped bombs, missiles, heavy artillery shells and multiple launch rockets.<ref name="HRMMU_Report_March" /> Ukrainian forces reportedly also fired cluster munition rockets.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/ukraine-used-cluster-munitions-many-113025688.html |title=Ukraine used cluster munitions — which many countries have banned — to force Russian troops out of a village, report says |first=Bill |last=Bostock |publisher=[[Yahoo! News]] |date=19 April 2022 |access-date=20 April 2022}}</ref> Russian attacks damaged or destroyed homes, hospitals, schools and kindergartens<ref name="HRMMU_Report_March" /> the [[Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant]],<ref>{{cite news |title=Ukraine nuclear power plant attack: All you need to know |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/3/4/zaporizhzhia-nuclear-power-plant-attack-all-you-need-to-know |access-date=3 April 2022 |publisher=[[Al Jazeera Arabic|Al Jazeera]] |date=4 March 2022}}</ref> and 191 cultural properties such as historic buildings and churches.<ref>{{cite news |last=Reid |first=Anna |date=15 March 2022 |title=Ukrainian heritage is under threat – and so is the truth about Soviet-era Russia |work=[[The Guardian]] |url=https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/mar/15/ukrainian-heritage-under-threat-truth-soviet-era-russia |access-date=2 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=24 April 2022 |title=Crimes against history: mapping the destruction of Ukraine's culture |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/apr/24/crimes-against-history-mapping-the-destruction-of-ukraines-culture |access-date=24 April 2022 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref> As of 25 March, the attacks had resulted in at least 1,035 civilian deaths and at least 1,650 civilian injuries.<ref name="HRMMU_Statement_March" /><ref name="HRMMU_Report_March" /> Russian forces were accused of forcibly deporting thousands of civilians to Russia,<ref>{{cite web |date=20 March 2022 |title=Ukraine: US condemns 'unconscionable' forced deportations of civilians from Mariupol |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/mar/20/russia-bombed-mariupol-art-school-sheltering-400-people-says-ukraine |access-date=2 April 2022 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> [[Sexual violence in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|sexual assaults]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Engelbrecht |first=Cora |date=29 March 2022 |title=Reports of sexual violence involving Russian soldiers are multiplying, Ukrainian officials say. |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/29/world/europe/russian-soldiers-sexual-violence-ukraine.html |access-date=1 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220329184716/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/03/29/world/europe/russian-soldiers-sexual-violence-ukraine.html?smid=tw-nytimes&smtyp=cur |archive-date=29 March 2022}}</ref> and deliberately killing Ukrainian civilians.<ref>{{cite news |date=2 April 2022 |title=War in Ukraine: Street in Bucha found strewn with dead bodies |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-60967463 |access-date=3 April 2022}}</ref> When Ukrainian forces recaptured [[Bucha, Kyiv Oblast|Bucha]] in late March, evidence emerged of [[Bucha massacre|war crimes]], including torture and deliberate killings of civilians, including children.<ref>{{cite news |title=In Bucha, the scope of Russian barbarity is coming into focus |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/06/bucha-barbarism-atrocities-russian-soldiers/ |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=7 April 2022

|url-status=live |url-access=subscription|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407190243/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/04/06/bucha-barbarism-atrocities-russian-soldiers/ |archive-date=7 April 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Callaghan |first=Louise |title=Bodies of mutilated children among horrors the Russians left behind |date=2 April 2022 |newspaper=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/bodies-of-mutilated-children-among-horrors-the-russians-left-behind-5ddnkkwp2 |url-access=subscription |access-date=5 April 2022 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20220404113203/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/bodies-of-mutilated-children-among-horrors-the-russians-left-behind-5ddnkkwp2 |archive-date=4 April 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ukraine documents alleged atrocities by retreating Russians |date=3 April 2022 |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/ukraine-bucha-atrocities-civilians-russia/ |access-date=3 April 2022 |publisher=[[CBS News]]}}</ref>

[[File:Vladimir Putin and Sergey Shoigu - Saint-Petersburg 2017-07-30 (1).jpg|thumb|Putin and Russia's Defence Minister [[Sergei Shoigu]]. Ukraine has identified more than 600&nbsp;suspected [[War crimes in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|war criminals from Russia]], including Shoigu.<ref>{{cite news |title=Evidence of Russian crimes mounts as war in Ukraine drags on |url=https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-war-crimes-government-international-criminal-court-a6edd7e6ed0de527b42a1790dccc33ea |work=Associated Press |date=30 December 2022}}</ref>]]

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[[Ipsos]], a French market research company, conducted several surveys across 28 countries around the world regarding the Russian invasion of Ukraine in November and December of 2022. Nearly two-thirds (64%) of adults said that they still closely follow news about it. Global public opinion about the conflict has not changed much since the country's invasion. For example, about 66% of respondents agree that [[Russia]] should be excluded from international sports events although only 45% are in favor of "most stringent economic sanctions against Russia". 57% are in favor of supporting Ukraine until all Russian forces have withdrawn. Note that these numbers mean that the remainder supports the opposite opinion; rather, 42% say that their country should not interfere. However, 37% of respondents also said that their country should send weapons, although 64% also said that their country cannot afford to send financial support.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One year in, global public opinion about the war in Ukraine has remained remarkably stable |url=https://www.ipsos.com/en/war-in-ukraine-january-2023 |access-date=2023-01-29 |website=Ipsos}}</ref> These results are similar to a survey that Ipsos conducted in April 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |title=61% globally think the war in Ukraine poses a significant risk to their country |url=https://www.ipsos.com/en/war-in-ukraine-april-2022 |access-date=2023-01-29 |website=Ipsos}}</ref>

=== Belarus===

In April 2022, only 11% of Belarusians supported sending Belarusian troops to Ukraine.<ref>{{cite news |title=11% of Belarusians support sending Belarus troops to Ukraine - poll |url=https://euroradio.fm/en/belarusians-answer-questions-about-war-ukraine |work=Euroradio |date=27 April 2022}}</ref>

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=== Japan ===

In a historically unprecedented move, Japanese government announced on 2 March 2022 (i.e. less than a week after the Russian invasion started on 24 February 2022) a decision to accept an unspecified number Ukrainian evacuees.<ref>I. Reynolds & Y. Tamura, “Japan"Japan Embraces Ukraine Refugees in Break From Past Conflicts”Conflicts", Bloomberg, 1 Apr. 2022, available at: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2022-04-01/japan-embraces-ukraine-refugees-in-break-from-past-conflicts (last visited 23 Jul. 2023)</ref> <ref>M.Y.H. Lee, “Refugee"Refugee-Averse Japan Opens Its Doors to Ukrainians”Ukrainians", The Washington Post, 19 Mar. 2022,

available at: https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2022/03/19/japan-ukraine-refugees/ (last visited 23 Jul. 2023)</ref> It is believed that the Japanese government used the term "evacuees" (hinansha) rather than "refugees" (nanmin) in order to prevent this case from becoming a precedent affecting Japan’sJapan's future refugee policy and from leading to an increase of asylum-seekers arrrving to the country.<ref>Yamagata A. A Critical Analysis of Japan's Decision to Accept Ukrainians Following the Russian Invasion in 2022. Refugee Survey Quarterly. 2023;42(4):494-517 doi: 10.1093/rsq/hdad013.</ref>

As of February 06, 2023 [[Nippon Foundation]] has given aid to 1,921 Ukrainians in Japan.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/Ukraine-war/Grassroots-refugee-support-grows-in-Japan-amid-tough-asylum-policy#:~:text=Japan%20has%20accepted%20around%202%2C000,East%2C%20Africa%20and%20across%20Asia. | title=Grassroots refugee support grows in Japan amid tough asylum policy }}</ref>

According to an opinion poll conducted by [[Mainichi Shimbun]] on 23 April 2022, 69 per cent answered "[Japan] should accept more evacuees" while only 14 per cent answered "[Japan] does not need to accept evacuees anymore."<ref>{{Cite webnews |date=26 April 2022 |title=69% in Japan call for country to accept more Ukrainian evacuees: Mainichi poll |newspaper=Mainichi Daily News |url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20220426/p2a/00m/0na/009000c |access-date=6 March 2024}}</ref>

=== Jordan ===

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A June 2023 poll by Ipsos found that 56% of South Africans view Russia's invasion of Ukraine as being against the principles of international law<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Ipsos |date=21 June 2023 |title=African sentiment is favouring Ukraine |url=https://www.ipsos.com/en-za/african-sentiment-favouring-ukraine}}</ref> and that 61% thought that Russia was guilty of war crimes in Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Dentlinger |first=Lindsay |title=60% of South Africans think Russia guilty of war crimes in Ukraine - poll |url=https://ewn.co.za/2023/06/21/60-of-south-africans-think-russia-guilty-of-war-crimes-in-ukraine-poll |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=ewn.co.za |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> It also found that 44% of respondents agreed with the view that Russia was the aggressor whilst 43% disagreed with this view. 56% of respondents agreed with the view that African countries should not take sides in the war.<ref name=":0" /> The survey found that overall 18% of respondents supported Russia, 23% supported Ukraine, and 59% were undecided or neutral.<ref name=":0" />

A November 2022 survey by the [[Brenthurst Foundation]] found that 74.3% of South Africans viewed the Russian invasion as an “an"an act of aggression that must be condemned”condemned" whilst 12.7% viewed it as “an"an acceptable use of force”force".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brenthurst Survey Shows Vast Majority of South Africans Condemn Russia |url=https://www.thebrenthurstfoundation.org/news/brenthurst-survey-shows-vast-majority-of-south-africans-condemn-russia/ |access-date=2023-10-26 |website=The Brenthurst Foundation |language=en}}</ref>

=== Sweden ===

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=== United States ===

A poll conducted by NPR/Ipsos between 18 and 21 March 2022 found that only 36% of Americans approved the [[Presidency of Joe Biden|Biden administration]]'s response to the invasion.<ref>{{cite news |date=24 March 2022 |title=Most Americans don't like Biden's Ukraine response and worry about inflation |work=[[NPR]] |url=https://www.npr.org/2022/03/24/1088568802/russia-ukraine-biden-approval-rating-poll-numbers-inflation?t=1648198969870}}</ref> An overwhelming 73 percent of Americans polled in October say the United States should continue to support Ukraine despite Russian threats to use nuclear weapons.<ref>{{Cite web |lastlast1=Jackson |firstfirst1=Chris |last2=Azevedo Lohr |first2=Annaleise |last3=Duran |first3=Jocelyn |date=10 October 2022 |title=Most Americans agree the U.S. should continue to support Ukraine despite threat of nuclear weapons use by Russia |url=https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/news-polls/americans-agree-us-continue-support-ukraine-despite-russia-threatening-use-nuclear |website=IPSOS}}</ref>

According to a [[Quinnipiac University]] national poll of adults released on 13 April 2022, 82% of American respondents called Russian President Vladimir Putin a [[war criminal]], while 10% thought he was not a war criminal.<ref>{{cite news |title=74% Of Americans Think Worst Of War In Ukraine Is Yet To Come, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; More Than 8 In 10 Think Vladimir Putin Is A War Criminal |url=https://poll.qu.edu/poll-release?releaseid=3843 |work=[[Quinnipiac University Polling Institute]] |date=13 April 2022}}</ref>