Rigveda: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Hindu scriptures}}

The '''''Rigveda ''''' ([[Sanskrit]]: {{Unicodelang|sa|ऋग्वेद}} ''{{IAST|ṛgveda}}'', a [[tatpurusha]] compound of ''{{IAST|rik}}'' "praise, verse" and ''{{IAST|veda}}'' "knowledge") is an ancient [[Indian Subcontinent|Indian]] collection of [[Vedic Sanskrit]] [[hymns]] dedicated to [[Rigvedic deities|the gods]]. andIt theis foremostcounted among the four [[Hindu]] canonical sacred texts (''[[shruti]]'') known as the [[Vedas]]. Based on internal evidence (philological and linguistic), the Rigveda was composed roughly between 1700–1100 BCE (the early [[Vedic period]]) in the [[Punjab region|Punjab]] ([[Sapta Sindhu]]),<ref>India: What Can It Teach Us: A Course of Lectures Delivered Before the University of Cambridge by F. Max Müller; World Treasures of the Library of Congress Beginnings by Irene U. Chambers, Michael S. Roth; some writers out of the maintream claim to trace [[archaeoastronomy|astronomical references]] in the Rigveda, dating it to as early as [[4000 BC]], a date corresponding to the Neolithic [[Mehrgarh#Mehrgarh_Period_II_and_Period_III|late Mehrgarh culture]]; summarized by [[Klaus Klostermaier]] in a [http://www.iskcon.com/icj/6_1/6_1klostermaier.html 1998 presentation]</ref>

putting it among the world's oldest [[religious text]]s in continued use, as well as among the oldest texts of any [[Indo-European language]].

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== Text ==

ItThe Rigveda consists▼

The word 'RigVeda' is a [[tatpurusha]] compound of ''{{IAST|rik}}'' "praise, verse" and ''{{IAST|veda}}'' "knowledge") in [[Sanskrit]].

▲It consists

<ref>There is some confusion with the term "Veda", which is traditionally applied to the texts associated with the samhita proper, such as [[Brahmana]]s or [[Upanishad]]s. In English usage, the term Rigveda is usually used to refer to the Rigveda samhita alone, and texts like the [[Aitareya-Brahmana]] are not considered "part of the Rigveda" but rather "associated with the Rigveda" in the tradition of a certain [[shakha]].</ref> of 1,028 hymns (or 1,017 discounting the ''{{IAST|[[valakhīlya]]}}'' hymns 8.49&ndash;8.59) in [[Vedic Sanskrit]], many of which are intended for various [[sacrifice|sacrificial]] [[ritual]]s. This long collection of short hymns is mostly devoted to the praise of the gods. It is organized in 10 books, known as [[Mandala]]s. Each mandala consists of hymns, called ''sūkta'' (literally, "[[:wikt:eulogy|eulogy]]"), which in turn consist individual verses called ''{{IAST|rik}}'', plural ''{{IAST|ṛcas}}''. The Mandalas are by no means of equal length or age: The "family books", mandalas 2-7, are considered the oldest part of the Rigveda, being the shortest books, arranged by length, accounting for 38% of the text. [[RV 8]] and [[RV 9]], likely comprising hymns of mixed age, account for 15% and 9%, respectively. [[RV 1]] and [[RV 10]], finally, are both the latest and the longest books, accounting for 37% of the text.

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[[it:Rig Veda]]

[[he:ריג ודה]]

[[hy:Ռիգվեդա]]

[[la:Rigveda]]

[[lt:Rigveda]]