Sleep deprivation: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia
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Line 57: ===Self-imposed=== Sleep deprivation can sometimes be self-imposed due to a lack of desire to sleep or the habitual use of stimulant drugs.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2021-02-23 |title=Revenge Bedtime Procrastination: Definition & Psychology |url=https://www.sleepfoundation.org/sleep-hygiene/revenge-bedtime-procrastination |access-date=2024-03-13 |website=Sleep Foundation |language=en-US}}</ref> Revenge Bedtime Procrastination, which is a need to stay up late after a busy day to feel like the day is longer. Leading to sleep deprivation from staying up and wanting to make the day "seem/feel" longer. <ref ====Caffeine==== Line 234: * [[psychosis]]<ref name="Ohayon_et_al_1996" /><ref>{{cite web | url = http://ts-si.org/content/view/2634/992/ | title = Neural Link Between Sleep Loss And Psychiatric Disorders | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090228192413/http://ts-si.org/content/view/2634/992/| archive-date=28 February 2009 | work = ts-si.org | date = 24 October 2007 }}</ref><ref name="sleep_dep">{{cite journal | vauthors = Chan-Ob T, Boonyanaruthee V | title = Meditation in association with psychosis | journal = Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet | volume = 82 | issue = 9 | pages = 925–930 | date = September 1999 | pmid = 10561951 }}</ref><ref name="sleep_dep3">{{cite journal | vauthors = Devillières P, Opitz M, Clervoy P, Stephany J | title = [Delusion and sleep deprivation] | journal = L'Encephale | volume = 22 | issue = 3 | pages = 229–231 | date = May–June 1996 | pmid = 8767052 }}</ref> A 2009 review found that sleep loss had a wide range of cognitive and neurobehavioral effects including unstable attention, slowing of response times, decline of memory performance, reduced learning of cognitive tasks, deterioration of performance in tasks requiring divergent thinking, perseveration with ineffective solutions, performance deterioration as task duration increases; and growing neglect of activities judged to be nonessential.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3564638/|title=Neurocognitive Consequences of Sleep Deprivation - PMC}}</ref> == Assessment == Line 247: ==Management== Although there are numerous causes of sleep deprivation, there are some fundamental measures that promote quality sleep, as suggested by organizations such as the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]], the [[National Institutes of Health|National Institute of Health]], the [[National Institute on Aging|National Institute of Aging]], and the [[American Academy of Family Physicians]]. Historically, sleep hygiene, as first medically defined by Hauri in 1977,<ref name="auto">{{cite journal | vauthors = Irish LA, Kline CE, Gunn HE, Buysse DJ, Hall MH | title = The role of sleep hygiene in promoting public health: A review of empirical evidence | journal = Sleep Medicine Reviews | volume = 22 | pages = 23–36 | date = August 2015 | pmid = 25454674 | pmc = 4400203 | doi = 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.10.001 }}</ref> was the standard for promoting healthy sleep habits, but evidence that has emerged since the 2010s suggests they are ineffective, both for people with insomnia<ref name="AASM-behavioral-therapies-2021">{{cite journal | vauthors = Edinger JD, Arnedt JT, Bertisch SM, Carney CE, Harrington JJ, Lichstein KL, Sateia MJ, Troxel WM, Zhou ES, Kazmi U, Heald JL, Martin JL | title = Behavioral and psychological treatments for chronic insomnia disorder in adults: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline | journal = Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine | volume = 17 | issue = 2 | pages = 255–262 | date = February 2021 | pmid = 33164742 | pmc = 7853203 | doi = 10.5664/jcsm.8986 }}</ref> and for people without.<ref For long-term involuntary sleep deprivation, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) is recommended as a first-line treatment after the exclusion of a physical diagnosis (e.g., sleep apnea).<ref name="AASM-behavioral-therapies-2021" /> CBT-i contains five different components: cognitive therapy, stimulus control, sleep restriction, sleep hygiene, and relaxation. As this approach has minimal adverse effects and long-term benefits, it is often preferred to (chronic) drug therapy.<ref name="Trauer 191">{{cite journal | vauthors = Trauer JM, Qian MY, Doyle JS, Rajaratnam SM, Cunnington D | title = Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | journal = Annals of Internal Medicine | volume = 163 | issue = 3 | pages = 191–204 | date = August 2015 | pmid = 26054060 | doi = 10.7326/M14-2841 | s2cid = 21617330 }}</ref> Line 277: === Treating insomnia === Sleep deprivation can be implemented for a short period of time in the treatment of [[insomnia]]. Some common sleep disorders have been shown to respond to [[cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia]]. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia is a multicomponent process that is composed of stimulus control therapy, sleep restriction therapy (SRT), and sleep hygiene therapy.<ref name=":3">{{Citation | vauthors = Perlis M, Gehrman P |title=Psychophysiological Insomnia |date=2013 |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia of Sleep |pages=203–204 |publisher=Elsevier |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-378610-4.00177-7 |isbn=978-0-12-378611-1 }}</ref> One of the components is a controlled regime of "sleep restriction" in order to restore the [[Homeostasis|homeostatic]] drive to sleep and encourage normal "sleep efficiency".<ref name="auto2">{{cite journal | vauthors = Miller CB, Espie CA, Epstein DR, Friedman L, Morin CM, Pigeon WR, Spielman AJ, Kyle SD | title = The evidence base of sleep restriction therapy for treating insomnia disorder | journal = Sleep Medicine Reviews | volume = 18 | issue = 5 | pages = 415–424 | date = October 2014 | pmid = 24629826 | doi = 10.1016/j.smrv.2014.01.006 }}</ref> Stimulus control therapy is intended to limit behaviors intended to condition the body to sleep while in bed.<ref name=":3"/> The main goal of stimulus control and [[Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia#Sleep restriction therapy|sleep restriction therapy]] is to create an association between bed and sleep. Although sleep restriction therapy shows efficacy when applied as an element of cognitive-behavioral therapy, its efficacy is yet to be proven when used alone.<ref In addition to the cognitive behavioral treatment of insomnia, there are also generally four approaches to treating insomnia medically. These are through the use of barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and benzodiazepine receptor agonists. Barbiturates are not considered to be a primary source of treatment due to the fact that they have a low therapeutic index, while melatonin agonists are shown to have a higher therapeutic index.<ref name=":3"/> | |||