St. Joseph's Catholic Church (Baramulla): Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}

{{Infobox church

| denomination = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]

| native_name = سینٹ جوزف کیتھولک چرچ

| fullname = St. Joseph's Catholic Church

| image = [[File:St. Joseph Catholic Church, Baramulla 2.jpg|St. Joseph Catholic Church, Baramulla 2|200px|centre]]

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| location = [[Baramulla]]

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| founded date = {{start date and age|1891}}

| founder = Msgr. Ignatius Brouwer MHM<br>[[Saint Joseph's Missionary Society of Mill Hill|Mill Hill Missionaries]]

| dedication = [[Saint Joseph]]

| status = [[Parish church]]

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| parish = St. Joseph's Parish

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| archbishop = [[Anil Joseph Thomas Couto]]

| bishop = [[Ivan Pereira]]

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| vicar = [[Fr. Jose Vadakkel]]

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'''St. Joseph's Catholic Church''' is a [[parish in the Catholic Church|parish]] of the [[Roman Rite|Roman]] [[Catholic churchChurch]] in [[Baramulla]],<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.incom/books?id=niZuAAAAMAAJ&q=st+joseph+church+baramulla&dq=st+joseph+church+baramulla&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjD8LyF1pXWAhWLto8KHZqwBBE4ChDoAQhEMAc|title=Dynamics of political change in Kashmir: from ancient to modern times|last=Dhar|first=D. N.|date=2001-01-01|publisher=Kanishka Publishers, Distributors|isbn=9788173914188|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.incom/books?id=vWl0tPTq7OYC&pg=PT132&dq=st+joseph+church+baramulla&hlpg=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjD8LyF1pXWAhWLto8KHZqwBBE4ChDoAQgsMAI#v=onepage&q=st%20joseph%20church%20baramulla&f=falsePT132|title=The Absent State|last=Misra|first=Neelesh|date=2012-03-12|publisher=Hachette India|isbn=9789350093665|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.incom/books?id=2VVuAAAAMAAJ&q=st+joseph+church+baramulla&dq=st+joseph+church+baramulla&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiV5vig1ZXWAhUJpo8KHSIFDl8Q6AEIPTAF|title=Kashmir - distortions and reality|last=Raina|first=Dina Nath|date=1994|publisher=Reliance Pub. House|isbn=9788185972527|language=en}}</ref>, [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiafree.org/d-32858-2zvi-st-joseph-s-catholic-church-baramulla|title=St. Joseph's Catholic Church (Baramulla) : IndiaFree.org|website=indiafree.org|language=en|access-date=2017-09-08}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.touristlink.com/india/st-josephs-catholic-church/overview.html|title=St. Joseph's Catholic Church, Baramulla, India Tourist Information|website=TouristLink|language=en-US|access-date=2017-09-08}}</ref>. It was established in 1891, by the [[Mill Hill Missionaries]], making it the oldest Catholic church in Jammu and Kashmir,<ref name="greaterkashmir">{{cite web|url=http://www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2013/Dec/26/christmas-celebrated-with-fervor-13.asp|title=Christmas celebrated with fervor Lastupdate:- Thu, 26 Dec 2013 18:30:00 GMT GreaterKashmir.com|author=GreaterKashmir.com (Greater Service)|publisher=greaterkashmir.com|accessdate=2014-06-06}}</ref> and currently belongs to the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Jammu–Srinagar|Jammu Srinagar Diocese]].<ref>The Catholic Directory of India. St. Paul Publications. 2005. Retrieved 25 December 2013.</ref><ref name="jammusrinagardiocese">{{cite web|url=http://jammusrinagardiocese.org/|title=Diocese of Jammu Srinagar &#124; A diocese was erected on September 7, 1986, with St. Mary's Jammu Cantt, as Cathedral|publisher=jammusrinagardiocese.org|accessdate=2014-06-06}}</ref> St. Joseph's Church, [[St. Joseph's Hospital, Baramulla|St. Joseph's HospitaHospital]]<nowiki/>l and [[St. Joseph's School (Baramulla)|St. Joseph's School]] are located inon the same campus as the [[parish church]]. It is the only church in the town, and there are only few Christian families in the community.{{citation needed|date=November 2023}}

==History==

St. Joseph's Church was started by [[Saint Joseph's Missionary Society of Mill Hill|Mill Hill Missionaries]] who came from Thethe [[Apostolic Prefecture of KafirstanKafiristan and Kashmir]], under the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lahore|Diocese of Lahore]]. After [[Milltheir Hilldeparture, Missionaries]] leftthe mission it was takencared carefor by the [[Order of Friars Minor Capuchin|Capuchin Fathers]]., Laterand onlater itby was looked after bythe [[Society of Jesus]]. andIt is now part of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Jammu–Srinagar|Diocese of Jammu Srinagar]]. [[Jim Borst|Father Jim Borst MHM]], one of thea well -known pioneersmissionary and former Parishparish Priestpriest, livesdied recently in Srinagar City.

The ''[[Catholic Encyclopedia]]'' of 1910 noted:<blockquote>''At Baramulla, in Kashmir, Father Simon, assisted by a staff of twelve lay teachers, conducts an important school for native Kashmir boys. The pupils number three hundred. The prefecture comprises about fifteen million inhabitants. Twelve million five hundred thousand of these are Mohammedans, two million are Hindus, five hundred thousand are Buddhists and about five thousand are Catholics''.<ref name="HerbermannPace1912">{{cite book|author1=Charles George Herbermann|author2=Edward Aloysius Pace|author3=Condé Bénoist Pallen |author4=Thomas Joseph Shahan |author5=John Joseph Wynne |author6=Andrew Alphonsus MacErlean|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia: An International Work of Reference on the Constitution, Doctrine, Discipline, and History of the Catholic Church|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BrdAAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA591|year=1912|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|pages=591–}}</ref></blockquote>

The church was affiliated to [[Lahore University]] in 1919.<ref name="Nahar2007">{{cite book|author=Emanual Nahar|title=Minority politics in India: role and impact of Christians in Punjab politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vl9uAAAAMAAJ|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Arun Pub. House|isbn=978-81-8048-085-0|page=51}}</ref>

<blockquote>At Baramulla, in Kashmir, Father Simon, assisted by a staff of twelve lay teachers, conducts an important school for native Kashmir boys. The pupils number three hundred. The prefecture comprises about fifteen million inhabitants. Twelve million five hundred thousand of these are Mohammedans, two million are Hindus, five hundred thousand are Buddhists and about five thousand are Catholics.</blockquote>

In [[colonial India]], the church was affiliated to the [[University of Lahore]] in 1919.<ref name="Nahar2007">{{cite book|author=Emanual Nahar|title=Minority politics in India: role and impact of Christians in Punjab politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vl9uAAAAMAAJ|date=1 January 2007|publisher=Arun Pub. House|isbn=978-81-8048-085-0|page=51}}</ref>

==Persecution of local Christians==

{{Further|Violence against Christians in India#Jammu and Kashmir}}

In late October 1947, leading into the Kashmir Conflict of 1947, local tribesmen attacked the church, school, and hospital, killing the [[wikt:Special:Search/mother superior|Mother Superior]] and Assistant Mother [[Sister M. Teresalina Joaquina FMM]].<ref name="Webster2007">{{cite book|author=John C. B. Webster|title=A social history of Christianity: North-West India since 1800|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9BUQAQAAIAAJ|date=15 November 2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-569045-3|page=276}}</ref>

In late October 1947, leading into the Kashmir Conflict of 1947, tribal invaders, mostly from colonial India's [[North West Frontier Province]], now part of Pakistan, had stormed Baramulla attacked the church, school, and hospital, killing the Mother Superior and Assistant Mother [[María Teresalina Sánchez|Sister M. Teresalina Joaquina FMM]].<ref name="Whitehead2007">{{cite web |last1=Whitehead |first1=Andrew |title=Black day in paradise|url=https://www.ft.com/content/ea0995c8-7b7c-11dc-8c53-0000779fd2ac |publisher=[[Financial Times]] |accessdate=31 March 2020 |language=English |date=19 October 2007 |quote=The attackers, Tom would later learn, had been tribesmen from the barren hills of Hazara and Waziristan. And their ransacking of St Joseph’s mission, in the riverside town of Baramulla, nestled in the foothills of the Himalayas, was part of a jihad to claim Kashmir – a Muslim-majority, Hindu-ruled state – for the new nation of Pakistan. ... On the day of Tom and Biddy Dykes’s death, Lord Mountbatten, the first governor general of independent India, had accepted Kashmir’s accession. That morning, as the tribesmen ransacked St Joseph’s, the first Indian troops were airlifted into the Kashmir valley. By the end of the day, about 300 Sikh soldiers had been flown in to the tiny landing strip outside Srinagar. Some had advanced to within hailing distance of the Catholic mission at Baramulla, and could hear the cries and see the flames as the town was plundered. Indian soldiers have been in Kashmir ever since, in what has become the country’s most disaffected state. As Indian troops started to repel the Pakistani tribesmen, the Dykes boys and the other survivors at the mission, their numbers swelled by local non-Muslim refugees, were confined to a single hospital ward, about 80 people in all.}}</ref><ref name="Webster2007">{{cite book|author=John C. B. Webster|title=A social history of Christianity: North-West India since 1800|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9BUQAQAAIAAJ|date=15 November 2007|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-569045-3|page=276}}</ref>

[[FatherJim Borst|Fr. Jim Borst MHM]], who ishas been working in Jammu and Kashmir since 1963, including serving as the principal of [[St. Joseph's School (Baramulla)|St. Joseph's School]], was given a Quit India Notice " from Kashmir's Foreigners Registration Office in 2004.<ref name="Relations2005">{{cite book|author=Senate (U S) Committee on Foreign Relations|title=Annual Report on International Religious Freedom, 2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=04dlwzB2SvcC&pg=PA638|date=August 2005|publisher=Government Printing Office|isbn=978-0-16-072552-4|pages=638–}}</ref>

==References==

Line 166 ⟶ 46:

==External links==

*[httphttps://www.andrewwhitehead.net/father-shankss-kashmir-diary.html ''Father Shanks's Kashmir 'Diary''']. Andrewwhitehead.net

*[https://www.andrewwhitehead.net/full-text-a-mission-in-kashmir.html The text of Andrew Whitehead's book 'A Mission in Kashmir' about the Baramulla mission and the 1947 attack]

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Saint Joseph's Catholic Church, Baramulla}}

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