Terrier: Difference between revisions - Wikipedia

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[[File:The book of dogs; an intimate study of mankind's best friend (1919) (20370594066).jpg|thumb|Some terrier breeds. ''The book of dogs; an intimate study of mankind's best friend, 1919.'']]

'''Terrier''' (from Latin ''terra'', 'earth') is a [[Dog type|type of dog]] originally bred to hunt [[vermin]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bowwowinsurance.com.au/dogs/dogs-breeds/terrier-dog-breeds/|title=Terrier Dog Breeds – Types of Terriers – Breed Info & Pictures|website=BWM|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://animal.discovery.com/breed-selector/dog-breeds/terrier-dogs.html|title=Terrier Dog Breeds : Dog Breed Selector|website=Animal Planet|language=en|access-date=2019-06-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/terrier/|title=Terrier Group|website=American Kennel Club|language=en|access-date=2019-06-09}}</ref> A terrier is a [[dog]] of any one of many [[Dog breed|breed]]s or [[landrace]]s of the terrier [[Dog type|type]], which are typically small, wiry, [[Gameness|game]], and fearless.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/terriers-were-once-the-greatest-dogs-in-the-world-westminster-dog-show/|title=Terriers Were Once The Greatest Dogs In The World|last=Roeder|first=Oliver|date=2016-02-16|website=FiveThirtyEight|language=en-US|access-date=2019-06-09}}</ref> Terrier breeds vary greatly in size from just {{convert|2|lb|kg|0|abbr=on|order=flip}} to over 60&nbsp;kg (132&nbsp;lb, e.g. Black Russian Terrier) and are usually categorized by size or function. There are five different groups of terrier, with each group having different shapes and sizes.

== History ==

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Most terrier breeds were refined from the older purpose-bred dogs.

The [[game (dog)|gameness]] of the early hunting terriers was exploited by using them in sporting contests. Initially, terriers competed in events such as clearing a pit of rats. The dog that was the fastest in killing all the rats won. In the eighteenth century some terriers were crossed with [[hound]]s to improve their hunting, and some with fighting dog breeds to "intensify tenacity and increase courage".<ref>{{cite book

|last= Marvin

|first= John T.

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}}</ref> Today, terriers are often informally categorized by size or by function.<!--categorization scheme needs to be documented-->

[[Working terrier|Hunting-types]] are still used to find, track, or trail quarry, especially underground, and sometimes to bolt the quarry. Modern examples include the [[Jack Russell Terrier]], the [[Jagdterrier]], the [[Rat Terrier]], [[Dobermann]] and the [[Patterdale Terrier]]. There are also the short-legged terriers such as the [[Cairn Terrier]], the [[Scottish Terrier]], and the [[West Highland White Terrier]], which were also used to kill small vermin.

The original hunting terriers include the [[Fell Terrier]] (developed in northern England to assist in the killing of foxes) and the [[Hunt terrier|Hunt Terrier]] (developed in southern England to locate, kill or bolt foxes during a traditional mounted fox hunt).

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[[Toy terrier]]s have been bred from larger terriers and are shown in the Toy or Companion group. Included among these breeds are the [[English Toy Terrier (Black & Tan)|English Toy Terrier]] and the [[Yorkshire Terrier]]. While small, they retain true terrier character and are not submissive "[[lap dog]]s".

Other descendants of the [[bull and terrier]] types, such as the Asian [[Gull Terrier]], are among the dogs still raised for illegal dog-fighting.

=== Appearance ===

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==Kennel club classification==

When competing in [[conformation show]]s, most [[kennel club]]s including the [[Fédération Cynologique Internationale]] group pedigree terrier breeds together in their own terrier group.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fci.be/en/nomenclature/3-Terriers.html |title=Group 3: Terriers |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=Fédération Cynologique Internationale |access-date=17 December 2019 }}</ref> The [[Fédération Cynologique Internationale]] grouped Terriers in Group 3.<ref>[https://www.fci.be/en/Nomenclature/ FCI breeds nomenclature], FCI</ref>

==See also==

*[[Bull-type terriers]]

*[[Working terriers]]

*[[West Yorkshire]]-based [[Huddersfield_Town_A.F.C.|Huddersfield Town]] [[Association_football|football]] club, which adopted the nickname "The Terriers" in 1969.

==References==