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Indian National Congress

AbbreviationINC
PresidentMallikarjun Kharge[1][2]
General Secretary
PresidiumAll India Congress Committee
Parliamentary ChairpersonSonia Gandhi[3]
Lok Sabha LeaderRahul Gandhi
(LoP in Lok Sabha)
Rajya Sabha LeaderMallikarjun Kharge
(LoP in Rajya Sabha)
TreasurerAjay Maken
FounderA.O. Hume
W.C. Bonnerjee
S.N. Banerjee
Monomohun Ghose
William Wedderburn
Dadabhai Naoroji
Badruddin Tyabji
Pherozeshah Mehta
Dinshaw Wacha
Mahadev Ranade[4]
Founded28 December 1885 (138 years ago)
Headquarters24, Akbar Road, New Delhi-110001[5]
NewspaperCongress Sandesh
National Herald
Student wingNational Students' Union of India
Youth wingIndian Youth Congress
Women's wingAll India Mahila Congress
Labour wingIndian National Trade Union Congress
Peasant's wingKisan and Khet Mazdoor Congress[6]
Membership55 million (2023)[7][8]
Ideology
Political positionCentre[21]
International affiliationProgressive Alliance[22]
Socialist International[23][24][25]
Colours  Saffron
  White
  Green
(official,
Indian national colours)[a]
  Sky blue (customary)[26][27]
ECI StatusNational Party[28]
Alliance
Seats in Lok Sabha

99 / 543

(541 MPs & 2 Vacant)[29]
Seats in Rajya Sabha

27 / 245

(234 MPs & 11 Vacant)[30][31]
Seats in State Legislative Assemblies

676 / 4,036

(4030 MLAs & 5 Vacant)

(see complete list)
Seats in State Legislative Councils

59 / 426

(390 MLCs & 36 Vacant)

(see complete list)
Number of states and union territories in government

5 / 31

(28 States & 3 UTs)
Election symbol
Party flag
Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama
FormationPer AP Sunnis:
  • 26 June 1926 (98 years ago) [32]
TypeSunni-Shafi'i scholarly body

General Secretary

Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar

President

E. Sulaiman Musliyar

Treasurer

Kottur Kunjammu Musliyar[33]

Secretaries

Vice Presidents
  • Sayyid Ali Bafaqi Thangal[33]
  • P. A. Aidrus Musliyar Kollam[33]
  • K. S. Attakoya Thangal Kumbol[33]
Subsidiaries
Websitesamastha.in

Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (AP Sunnis) of A. P. Sunnis, also known as Samastha[34][35][36][37][38] and AP Samastha,[34] is a Sunni-Shafi'i Muslim scholarly body in Kerala.[39][40][41][42] The council administers Shafi'ite mosques, institutes of higher religious learning (the equivalent of north Indian madrasas) and madrasas (institutions where children receive basic Islamic education) in India.[39] There are two organisations known as Samastha, one named after E. K. Aboobacker Musliyar and the other after Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar, both of which emerged in 1989, due to organisational disagreement in Samastha.[43][44]

Similar to EK Sunnis, a forty-member council also known as the 'mushawara' functions a high command body of AP Sunnis.[45][46] As of December 2023, the council includes Samastha general secretary Kanthapuram A. P. Aboobacker Musliyar; Samastha president E. Sulaiman Musliar; Samastha vice presidents Sayyid Ali Bafaqi Thangal, P. A. Aidrus Musliyar Kollam and K. S. Attakoya Thangal Kumbol;[33]; its treasurer Kottur Kunjammu Musliyar;[33] and its secretaries Sayyid Ibraheem Khaleel Al Bukhari, Ponmala Abdul Khadir Musliyar and Perod Abdurahman Saqafi.[47]

Population makeup

Traditionally Muslims of Kerala are Sunnis, predominantly Shafi'is where around two-thirds of the Muslim population is AP and EK Sunnis, respective Samasthas of which emerged in 1989 due to disagreement in Samastha. The reformist Mujahids, belonging to the Salafi movement, make up around 10 percent of the total Muslim population of Kerala. Though there is presence of groups like Tabligi Jamaat and Jamaate Islami, by far biggest groupings are Sunnis and Mujahids.[39][42][44]

Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (AP faction), Samastha Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama (EK faction), Dakshina Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama and Kerala Samsthana Jem-iyyathul Ulama are different factions of Sunnis in Kerala, while Dakshina Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama is the dominant group in the southern part of the state.[48]

Ideological difference

Samastha began in 1926 to counter Vakkom Moulavi's Kerala Muslim Aikya Sangam[49]—the precursor of KNM and the wider Mujahid movement. Only traditionalist Sunnis are called Sunnis in Kerala in contrast to the reformist ones. The four different factions of Sunnis in Kerala have "almost the same ideology and beliefs". Haris Madani, a young scholar belonging to AP Sunnis, in 2022, said the difference between AP and EK Sunnis is purely organisational whereas Husain Madavoor, a Mujahid leader, considers fiqh to be irrelevant.[39][42][44][48]

AP Sunnis' Samastha in their own words

Change of name

Kanthapuram, a leader of AP Sunnis says Sunnis formed an organisation to counter the religious reformists with the name Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama. But the reformist people had registered the same name. So Sunnis had to add the term "Samastha" to the name of the organisation at the conference held at Kozhikode Town Hall on 26 June 1926.[32]

Presently Mujahids have an organisation named Kerala Jem-iyyathul Ulama founded in 1924.[50][51]

Flag

According to AP Sunnis, Samastha for the first time adopted the Samastha's flag on 29 December 1963, at a meeting of Samastha held at the Thalankara Malik Dinar Valiya Jumuath Mosque in Kasaragod. The flag was adopted with minor modification including the removal of the script from the flag that was then in use by the All India Sunni Jem-iyyathul Ulama.[52]

Reorganisation

Kanthapuram further says Samastha was reorganised and went ahead with the interests Samastha had at the time of its formation, when there were attempts to join with the reformists and deviate in Samastha around 1989. [32]

Success

Kanthapuram explains people unitedly supported Samastha after its formation. He also says after the reorganisation in 1989, the Samastha went ahead with strong force, with all policies and ideologies of Samastha all over India and outside.[32]

Subsidiaries

Samastha of AP Sunnis have several subsidiaries.[53][54] They include:

  • Kerala Muslim Jama'ath[55]
  • Sunni Management Association (SMA)
  • Educational board – Samastha Kerala Sunni Vidhyabhyasa Board
  • Madrasa teachers' association – Samastha Kerala Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen (SKSJM)[56][57] or shortly, Sunni Jam-iyyathul Muallimeen (SJM)[58][59]
  • Youth wing – Samastha Kerala Sunni Yuvajana Sangham (SYS)
  • Student wing – Sunni Students' Federation (SSF)
  • Jamiathul Hind

Other entities of AP Sunnis

Organisations

Periodicals

Notable institutions

See also

Notes

References

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