2223 Sarpedon


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2223 Sarpedon is a dark Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 90 kilometers (56 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 4 October 1977, by astronomers at the Purple Mountain Observatory near Nanking, China.[1] The D-type asteroid belongs to the 30 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 22.7 hours.[5] It was named after the Lycian hero Sarpedon from Greek mythology.[3]

2223 Sarpedon
Discovery [1]
Discovered byPurple Mountain Obs.
Discovery sitePurple Mountain Obs.
Discovery date4 October 1977
Designations
(2223) Sarpedon
Pronunciation[2]

Named after

Sarpedon (Greek mythology)[3]
1977 TL3
Jupiter trojan [1][4][5]
Trojan [6][7] · background [7]
AdjectivesSarpedontian
Orbital characteristics [4]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc40.63 yr (14,840 d)
Aphelion5.3172 AU
Perihelion5.1541 AU
5.2357 AU
Eccentricity0.0156
11.98 yr (4,376 d)
266.05°
0° 4m 56.28s / day
Inclination15.960°
220.88°
52.434°
Jupiter MOID0.2369 AU
TJupiter2.9220
Physical characteristics
77.48±0.58 km[8]
94.63±4.0 km[9]
108.21±6.15 km[10]
22.741±0.04 h[11]
22.77±0.04 h[11]
0.027±0.003[10]
0.0340±0.003[9]
0.051±0.005[8]
Tholen = DU [4]
U–B = 0.244[4]
B–V = 0.778[4]
B–V = 0.753±0.032[12]
B–V = 0.740±0.050[13]
V–R = 0.465±0.025[12]
V–R = 0.440±0.030[13]
V–I = 0.905±0.033[12]
V–I = 0.880±0.038[5]
9.41[1][4][5][9][10]

Orbit and classification

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Sarpedon is orbiting in the trailing Trojan camp, at Jupiter's L5 Lagrangian point, 60° behind its orbit in a 1:1 resonance (also see Trojans in astronomy). It is also a non-family asteroid of the Jovian background population.[7][14]

It orbits the Sun at a distance of 5.2–5.3 AU once every 11 years and 12 months (4,376 days; semi-major axis of 5.24 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.02 and an inclination of 16° with respect to the ecliptic.[4] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Nanking.[1]

Physical characteristics

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In the Tholen classification, Sarpedon is similar to a dark D-type asteroid, though with an unusual spectrum (DU).[5][4]

In April 1996, a rotational lightcurve of Sarpedon was obtained from photometric observations by Italian astronomer Stefano Mottola at ESO's La Silla Observatory using the Bochum 0.61-metre Telescope. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 22.741 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.14 magnitude (U=2+).[11] A previous observation by Mottola gave a similar period of 22.77 hours from a lower-rated lightcurve (U=2).[5][11]

According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Sarpedon measures between 77.48 and 108.21 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.027 and 0.051.[8][9][10]

The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.034 and a diameter of 94.63 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.41.[5][9]

This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after the Lycian hero Sarpedon from the Iliad, who was killed by Patroclus, (617) during the Trojan War.[3] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 August 1981 (M.P.C. 6208).[15]

  1. ^ a b c d e "2223 Sarpedon (1977 TL3)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
  2. ^ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
  3. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2223) Sarpedon". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 181. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2224. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2223 Sarpedon (1977 TL3)" (2017-03-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 5 September 2017.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g "LCDB Data for (2223) Sarpedon". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 5 September 2017.
  6. ^ "List of Jupiter Trojans". Minor Planet Center. 30 May 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  7. ^ a b c "Asteroid (2223) Sarpedon – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 5 June 2018.
  8. ^ a b c Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R. (November 2012). "WISE/NEOWISE Observations of the Jovian Trojan Population: Taxonomy". The Astrophysical Journal. 759 (1): 10. arXiv:1209.1549. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759...49G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/49. S2CID 119101711. (online catalog)
  9. ^ a b c d e Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
  10. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  11. ^ a b c d Mottola, Stefano; Di Martino, Mario; Erikson, Anders; Gonano-Beurer, Maria; Carbognani, Albino; Carsenty, Uri; et al. (May 2011). "Rotational Properties of Jupiter Trojans. I. Light Curves of 80 Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 141 (5): 32. Bibcode:2011AJ....141..170M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/141/5/170.
  12. ^ a b c Hainaut, O. R.; Boehnhardt, H.; Protopapa, S. (October 2012). "Colours of minor bodies in the outer solar system. II. A statistical analysis revisited". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 546: 20. arXiv:1209.1896. Bibcode:2012A&A...546A.115H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219566. S2CID 54776793.
  13. ^ a b Chatelain, Joseph P.; Henry, Todd J.; French, Linda M.; Winters, Jennifer G.; Trilling, David E. (June 2016). "Photometric colors of the brightest members of the Jupiter L5 Trojan cloud". Icarus. 271: 158–169. Bibcode:2016Icar..271..158C. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2016.01.026.
  14. ^ "Asteroid 2223 Sarpedon". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  15. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 5 September 2017.