σπάω - Wiktionary, the free dictionary


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García-Ramón suggests that the term is cognate with Vedic Sanskrit पा (pā, “to rise against, be hostile”) and Hittite [script needed] (pippa-, “to overturn”), and reconstructs Proto-Indo-European *(s)peh₂- (“to draw, set in motion”). See also σπᾰ́θη (spáthē, “broad blade, spathe”).[1]

An older theory by Klingenschmitt connects the Greek verb with Old Armenian հանեմ (hanem, “to draw or pull out”).

σπᾰ́ω • (spáō)

  1. to draw a sword
  2. (of other things) to draw
  3. (of violent actions) to pluck off or out
  4. to tear, rend, especially of ravenous animals
  5. to wrench, sprain, twist
  6. to snatch, tear or drag away
  7. (figuratively) to carry away, draw aside
  8. to cause convulsion or spasm
  9. to draw in, suck in, involve
  10. to draw tight, pull the reins
  11. to derive
  1. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπάω, σπάομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1378
  • “σπάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “σπάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “σπάω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • σπάω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • σπάω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963

From Byzantine Greek σπῶ (spô) / σπάω (spáō), from Ancient Greek σπάω (spáō), of Proto-Indo-European origin. Also see σπάζω (spázo).

  • IPA(key): /ˈspa.o/
  • Hyphenation: σπά‧ω

σπάω • (spáo) (imperfect έσπαγα, past έσπασα, passive —, ppp σπασμένος)

  1. Alternative form of σπάζω (spázo) (active voice only)
    1. (transitive) to break
    2. (intransitive) to break (into two or more pieces that cannot easily be reassembled)
    3. (slang) to split, to leave
    4. (colloquial) to irritate

      Μου τη σπάει πολύ αυτός ο καθηγητής.

      Mou ti spáei polý aftós o kathigitís.
      This professor really gets on my nerves.

σπάω   (active voice only plus passive perfect participle)

Active voice ➤
Indicative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect ➤ Perfective aspect ➤
Non-past tenses ➤ Present ➤ Dependent ➤
1 sg σπάω, (σπω)  (σπάζω →) σπάσω1
2 sg σπας σπάσεις
3 sg σπάει σπάσει
1 pl σπάμε σπάσουμε, [‑ομε]
2 pl σπάτε σπάσετε
3 pl σπάνε, σπαν σπάσουν(ε)
Past tenses ➤ Imperfect ➤ Simple past ➤
1 sg έσπαγα (→ έσπαζα) έσπασα1
2 sg έσπαγες έσπασες
3 sg έσπαγε έσπασε
1 pl σπάγαμε σπάσαμε
2 pl σπάγατε σπάσατε
3 pl έσπαγαν, σπάγαν(ε) έσπασαν, σπάσαν(ε)
Future tenses ➤ Continuous ➤ Simple ➤
1 sg θα σπάω ➤ θα σπάσω ➤
2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl θα σπας, ... θα σπάσεις, …
Perfect aspect ➤
Present perfect ➤   έχω, έχεις, … σπάσει    είμαι, είσαι, … σπασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice)
Past perfect ➤   είχα, είχες, … σπάσει    ήμουν, ήσουν, … σπασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Future perfect ➤   θα έχω, θα έχεις, … σπάσει    θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … σπασμένος, ‑η, ‑ο
Subjunctive mood ➤ Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας).
Imperative mood ➤ Imperfective aspect Perfective aspect
2 sg σπάε σπάσε
2 pl σπάτε σπάστε
Other forms
Active present participle ➤   σπώντας (→ σπάζοντας) ➤
Active perfect participle ➤   έχοντας σπάσει ➤
Passive perfect participle ➤ σπασμένος, -η, -ο1 ➤
Nonfinite form ➤   σπάσει
Notes  
 
Appendix:Greek verbs 		 1. Shared forms with σπάζω.
 • (…) optional or informal.   […] rare.   {…} learned, archaic.
 • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency.
 • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive.