林 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary


Article Images
Stroke order
 

(Kangxi radical 75, +4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 木木 (DD), four-corner 44990, composition )

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 516, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14551
  • Dae Jaweon: page 903, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1164, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+6797
simp. and trad.
Old Chinese
*ɡ·ruːm
*ɡ·ruːm
*ɡ·ruːm
*ɡ·ruːmʔ
*ɡ·ruːmʔ
*ɡ·rɯm
*ɡ·rɯm
*ɡ·rɯm, *ɡ·rɯms
*ɡ·rɯm
*ɡ·rɯm
*ɡ·rɯm
*ɡ·rɯmʔ, *ɡ·rɯms
*slɯmʔ, *srɯms
*r̥ʰɯm, *srɯm
*r̥ʰɯm
*r̥ʰɯm
*krɯm, *krɯms
*krɯm
*krɯms, *ŋɡrɯmʔ
澿 *ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯmʔ, *ɡrɯms
*ɡrɯmʔ, *ɡrɯms
*ɡrɯms

Duplication of (“tree”) to give the idea of multiple trees (compare ), thus a forest.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ram (jungle; forest; country; field) (STEDT). Cognate with (OC *srɯm, “forest”), Mizo ram (forest; country), Karbi ram (jungle).

Or perhaps an area word (Schuessler, 2007), shared with Khmer រាម (riəm, thick bushy jungle that grows along a stream), Old Khmer *rām (inundated forest along a watercourse), Old Khmer sarāma ~ sarāṃ (a tract of stunted vegetation), Mon ရာံ (rèm, copse; patch of woodland).


Note: lim3 - including surname.

Note:

  • nâ - vernacular;
  • lîm/lêm - literary (including surname).

Note:

  • nan5 - vernacular;
  • lim5 - literary (including surname).

  • Dialectal data

BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
lín
Middle
Chinese
‹ lim ›
Old
Chinese
/*[r]əm/
English forest

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 8165
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡ·rɯm/

  1. forest; grove; woods
      ―  zhúlín  ―  bamboo forest
    防風防风  ―  fángfēnglín  ―  windbreak; shelterbelt
  2. circle; community; group of similar people or things
      ―  lín  ―  martial arts world
  3. forestry
  4. a surname, commonly romanized as Lin, Lim, and Lam
      ―  Lín Mòniáng  ―  Lin Moniang (a Chinese sea goddess also known by several other names and titles)
      ―  Lín Biāo  ―  Lin Biao (a Marshal of the People's Republic of China)

Others:

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

Kanji in this term
はやし
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. First mentioned in the Man'yōshū, completed in 759 CE.[1]

Derives from the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, stem or continuative form) of verb 生やす (hayasu, to grow).[1] The root verb is in the transitive form, suggesting that the original sense of hayashi may have indicated a deliberately planted or managed grove.

(はやし) (hayashi

  1. [from 759] a grove, woods, copse
  2. [from 759] (figurative) a forest of something

(はやし) (Hayashi

  1. a surname
  2. a female given name
Kanji in this term
りん
Grade: 1
on'yomi

/rimʉ//riɴ/

From Middle Chinese (MC lim).

(りん) (rin

  1. grove, forest, woods, copse
  2. gathering
  3. lined up

(りん) (Rin

  1. a surname
  2. (rare) a female given name

As a surname, this reading is more often used by people of Chinese ancestry, since it is similar to the Mandarin Chinese reading of Lín.

  1. 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  4. 4.0 4.1 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

From Middle Chinese (MC lim). Recorded as Middle Korean (lim) (Yale: lim) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Wikisource

(eumhun 수풀 (supul rim), word-initial (South Korea) 수풀 (supul im))

  1. hanja form? of / (forest)

Compounds

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]

: Hán Nôm readings: lâm, Lâm

  1. forest
  2. gathering
  3. dense
  4. Chữ Hán form of Lâm (a surname from Chinese.).