翼 - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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翼 (Kangxi radical 124, 羽+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 尸一田廿金 (SMWTC), four-corner 17801, composition ⿱羽異)
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 959, character 34
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 28801
- Dae Jaweon: page 1406, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3356, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7FFC
trad. | 翼 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 翼 | |
2nd round simp. | 𰭝 | |
alternative forms | 𩙺 𮊾 1981 2nd round simp. |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *lɯɡ) : semantic 羽 + phonetic 異 (OC *lɯɡs).
Probably from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak ~ C-jak (“arm, hand, wing”), especially if the Old Chinese is reconstructed with *l- (Schuessler, 2007; Handel, 2009). Cognate with 腋 (OC *laːɡ, “armpit”), Tibetan ལག་པ (lag pa, “hand, arm”), Burmese လက် (lak, “hand, arm”).
However, Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruct the Old Chinese with *-p instead of *-k because of evidence from the oracle bones, making it difficult to compare to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lak. The shift from the original version *ɢrəp to a later version *ɢrək is due to dialectal variation.
Sagart (2020) proposes a revised Old Chinese reconstruction *m-rəp, which he compares to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s/b-ram (“rib”).
- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): it7
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): i3
- Northern Min (KCR): siē / ī
- Eastern Min (BUC): sĭk / ĭk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8yiq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): i4 / ie4
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yì
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yì
- Wade–Giles: i4
- Yale: yì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: yi4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: i
- Sinological IPA (key): /i²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: jik6
- Yale: yihk
- Cantonese Pinyin: jik9
- Guangdong Romanization: yig6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɪk̚²/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: yet4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jet̚²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: it7
- Sinological IPA (key): /it̚²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: id
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid6
- Sinological IPA: /it̚⁵/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi̍t
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)id
- Hagfa Pinyim: yid6
- Sinological IPA: /(j)it̚⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: i3
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /i⁴⁵/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: siē / ī
- Sinological IPA (key): /siɛ⁵⁵/, /i⁵⁵/
- (Jian'ou)
Note:
- siē - vernacular;
- ī - literary.
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭk / ĭk
- Sinological IPA (key): /siʔ⁵/, /iʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
Note:
- sĭk - vernacular;
- ĭk - literary.
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, Longyan, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: e̍k
- Tâi-lô: i̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: ek
- IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɪk̚⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɪk̚¹²¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ia̍k
- Tâi-lô: ia̍k
- Phofsit Daibuun: iak
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /iak̚²⁴/
Note:
- si̍t - vernacular;
- e̍k/ia̍k - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: sig8 / sêg8 / êg8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: si̍k / se̍k / e̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /sik̚⁴/, /sek̚⁴/, /ek̚⁴/
Note:
- sig8/sêg8 - vernacular (sêg8 - Jieyang);
- êg8 - literary.
Note:
- i4 - literary;
- ie4 - vernacular (used in 翼胛).
- Middle Chinese: yik
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ɢʷrəp/
- (Zhengzhang): /*lɯɡ/
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
---|---|
Character | 翼 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yì |
Middle Chinese |
‹ yik › |
Old Chinese |
/*ɢʷrəp/ (dialect: *-p > *-k) |
English | wing |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary. |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 翼 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 15108 |
Phonetic component |
異 |
Rime group |
職 |
Rime subdivision |
0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
弋 |
Old Chinese |
/*lɯɡ/ |
翼
- (literary or dialectal) wing (Classifier: 隻/只 c; 對/对 c)
- wing (of an airplane)
- (figurative) wing; flank
- 右翼 ― yòuyì ― right-wing (politics); right flank (military)
- (Chinese astronomy) the Wings mansion, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions
- (literary, or in compounds) to assist
- a surname: Yi
- (wing):
Dialectal synonyms of 翅膀 (“wing (of a bird or insect)”) [map]
- (to help):
- 佐理 (zuǒlǐ) (literary, with a task)
- 使勁/使劲 (shǐjìn)
- 加勢/加势 (jiāshì)
- 助 (zhù)
- 助力 (zhùlì)
- 助理 (zhùlǐ)
- 助益 (zhùyì) (literary)
- 匡助 (kuāngzhù) (literary)
- 協助/协助 (xiézhù)
- 參佐/参佐 (cānzuǒ) (literary)
- 增援 (zēngyuán, “to provide reinforcements”)
- 幫/帮 (bāng)
- 幫助/帮助 (bāngzhù)
- 幫同/帮同 (bāngtóng) (literary)
- 幫寸/帮寸 (bāngcùn)
- 幫帶/帮带 (bāngdài)
- 幫忙/帮忙 (bāngmáng)
- 幫手/帮手 (bong1 sau2) (Cantonese)
- 幫扶/帮扶 (bāngfú)
- 幫襯/帮衬 (bāngchèn)
- 幫贈/帮赠 (Hokkien)
- 扶
- 扶助 (fúzhù)
- 扶持 (fúchí)
- 扶掖 (fúyè) (formal)
- 拉巴 (dialectal)
- 挺 (tǐng)
- 援助 (yuánzhù)
- 𢯭手 (Hakka)
- 支助 (zhīzhù) (literary)
- 支持 (zhīchí)
- 支援 (zhīyuán)
- 救 (jiù)
- 相幫/相帮 (xiāngbāng) (dialectal)
- 相輔/相辅 (Teochew)
- 聲援/声援 (shēngyuán, “to express support for”)
- 臂助 (bìzhù) (literary)
- 補益/补益 (bǔyì)
- 補臺/补台 (bǔtái) (mainland China)
- 贈力/赠力 (Hokkien)
- 贈助/赠助 (Hokkien)
- 贊喙/赞喙 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
- 贈手/赠手 (Hokkien)
- 贊聲/赞声 (“to express support for”) (Hokkien)
- 輔助/辅助 (fǔzhù)
- 陪 (péi) (literary, or in compounds)
- 鬥幫贈/斗帮赠 (Hokkien)
- 鬥相共/斗相共 (Hokkien)
- 鬥跤手/斗跤手 (Hokkien)
- 鬥跤搭/斗跤搭 (Hokkien)
- (antonym(s) of “to help”):
- 不翼而飛/不翼而飞 (bùyì'érfēi)
- 伏翼
- 側翼/侧翼 (cèyì)
- 兢兢翼翼
- 兩翼/两翼 (liǎngyì)
- 冰翼紙/冰翼纸
- 副翼 (fùyì)
- 勵翼/励翼
- 十翼
- 卵翼 (luǎnyì)
- 卵翼之恩
- 右翼 (yòuyì)
- 右翼分子 (yòuyì fènzǐ)
- 垂頭搨翼/垂头拓翼
- 天生羽翼
- 如虎傅翼
- 如虎得翼
- 如虎添翼 (rúhǔtiānyì)
- 如虎生翼
- 安定翼
- 小心翼翼 (xiǎoxīnyìyì)
- 尾翼 (wěiyì)
- 屋翼
- 左右翼
- 左翼 (zuǒyì)
- 後掠翼/后掠翼
- 戢翼
- 戢鱗潛翼/戢鳞潜翼
- 扶危翼傾/扶危翼倾
- 承翼
- 折翼
- 扶翼 (fúyì)
- 拊翼
- 振翼
- 振鱗奮翼/振鳞奋翼
- 攀鱗附翼/攀鳞附翼
- 旋翼
- 服翼
- 毋翼而飛/毋翼而飞
- 比翼 (bǐyì)
- 比翼連枝/比翼连枝
- 比翼雙飛/比翼双飞 (bǐyìshuāngfēi)
- 比翼鳥/比翼鸟 (bǐyìniǎo)
- 水翼船
- 滑翔翼
- 為虎傅翼/为虎傅翼
- 為虎添翼/为虎添翼
- 無翼而飛/无翼而飞
- 無翼鳥/无翼鸟 (wúyìniǎo)
- 燕翼
- 燕翼詒謀/燕翼诒谋
- 爾雅翼/尔雅翼
- 皮翼獸/皮翼兽
- 皮翼目
- 萬里鵬翼/万里鹏翼
- 紛紛翼翼/纷纷翼翼
- 羽翼 (yǔyì)
- 羽翼已成
- 翕翼
- 翼亮
- 翼側/翼侧 (yìcè)
- 翼卵
- 翼室
- 翼戴
- 翼手目
- 翼手類/翼手类
- 翼手龍/翼手龙 (yìshǒulóng)
- 翼日
- 翼琴
- 翼瓣
- 翼翼 (yìyì)
- 翼翼小心
- 胡林翼
- 與虎添翼/与虎添翼
- 彪虎生翼
- 蟬翼/蝉翼 (chányì)
- 補助翼/补助翼 (bǔzhùyì)
- 襟翼
- 贊翼/赞翼
- 趙翼/赵翼
- 輔翼/辅翼 (fǔyì)
- 連枝比翼/连枝比翼
- 雁行折翼
- 飄翼舵/飘翼舵
- 鼓翼
- 鼻翼 (bíyì)
- 龍翰鳳翼/龙翰凤翼
- Southern Min (Teochew, Peng'im): iah8
- Southern Min
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: iah8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ia̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /iaʔ⁴/
- (Teochew)
翼
- “翼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Shinjitai | 翼 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
翼󠄄 翼+ 󠄄 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) |
|
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
翼
- Go-on: いき (iki)
- Kan-on: よく (yoku, Jōyō)
- Kun: つばさ (tsubasa, 翼, Jōyō)、たすける (tasukeru, 翼ける)
- Nanori: すけ (suke)、たすく (tasuku)、つばさ (tsubasa)
Compounds
Kanji in this term |
---|
翼 |
つばさ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
翅 |
/tubasa/ → /t͡subasa/
From Old Japanese.
Possibly a shift from a compound of 鳥 (to, “bird”) + 総 (fusa, “tassel”).
- a wing (of a bird or bat)
2015 September 19, “輝銀の天空船-レオ号 [Silvery Skyship – Mk. Leo]”, in EXTRA PACK 2015, Konami:
- 輝銀の翼は栄光の印。
その証は言葉によって語られる。- Kigin no tsubasa wa eikō no shirushi.
Sono akashi wa kotoba ni yotte katarareru. - Her silvery wings display her glory.
The proof of her glories are told in legend.
- Kigin no tsubasa wa eikō no shirushi.
- 輝銀の翼は栄光の印。
- (by extension) a bird
- (aviation) an airfoil, wing
- (by extension) an aircraft
- 羽 (hane)
- a male or female given name
- a surname
Kanji in this term |
---|
翼 |
よく Grade: S |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 翼 (MC yik).
- a wing (of a bird or insect)
- Synonym: 羽翼 (uyoku)
- (aviation) an airfoil
- (military) a flank
- a blade (of a propeller, turbine, etc.) with the same cross section of an aircraft wing
- wing (of a bird, insect, aircraft, etc.)
- (by extension) something overhanging both left and right, like a wing
- assist, help, support
- (Chinese astronomy) the Wings constellation, one of the Twenty-Eight Mansions
- Synonym: 襷星 (Tasukiboshi)
- a female given name
Kanji in this term |
---|
翼 |
Grade: S |
nanori |
Nominalization of classical verb 助く (tasuku), modern 助ける (tasukeru, “to assist, help; rescue, save”).
- a female given name
- ^ “翼”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia][1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
翼 (tubasa) (kana つばさ)
- Japanese: 翼 (つばさ, tsubasa)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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