(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “what does 蚯 mean?”)
Note:
- gao6 ung2 - vernacular;
- kiu1 ing2 - literary.
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
蚯
|
蚓
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
qiū
|
yǐn
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ khjuw ›
|
‹ yinX ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*[k]ʷʰə/
|
/*[ɢ](r)ə[r]ʔ/
|
| English
|
蚯蚓 khjuw.yinX earth-worm
|
earth-worm (khjuw.yinX)
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
蚯
|
蚓
|
| Reading #
|
1/1
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
10525
|
15307
|
Phonetic
component
|
丘
|
引
|
Rime
group
|
之
|
眞
|
Rime
subdivision
|
0
|
1
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
丘
|
引
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*kʰʷɯ/
|
/*linʔ/
|
| Notes
|
見禮記
|
說文同螾
|
蚯蚓
- earthworm (Classifier: 條／条 m c)
Dialectal synonyms of 蚯蚓 (“earthworm”) [map]
| Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
| Classical Chinese
|
蚓, 蚯蚓, 蜿蟺, 蜸蚕, 螼蚓
|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
蚯蚓
|
| Northeastern Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
曲蟮, 曲串
|
| Taiwan
|
蚯蚓
|
| Langfang
|
曲拆
|
| Chengde
|
曲串
|
| Ulanhot
|
曲蛇
|
| Tongliao
|
蚯蚓
|
| Chifeng
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟲, 曲蟮
|
| Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
蚯蚓, 曲蛇
|
| Heihe
|
蚯蚓, 曲蛇
|
| Qiqihar
|
曲蛇
|
| Harbin
|
蚯蚓, 曲蛇
|
| Jiamusi
|
蚯蚓, 曲蛇
|
| Baicheng
|
蚯蚓, 曲蛇
|
| Changchun
|
曲蛇
|
| Tonghua
|
曲蛇
|
| Shenyang
|
蚯蚓, 赤蟲, 曲蛇
|
| Jinzhou
|
蚯蚓, 曲串, 地蟬
|
| Singapore
|
蚯蚓
|
| Jilu Mandarin
|
Tianjin
|
地蠶
|
| Tangshan
|
蚯蚓, 曲坼
|
| Cangzhou
|
曲蟮
|
| Baoding
|
曲坼
|
| Shijiazhuang
|
蚯蚓, 曲曲蟮
|
| Lijin
|
曲尺
|
| Jinan
|
曲蟮
|
| Jiaoliao Mandarin
|
Dalian
|
曲蟮子
|
| Dandong
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Yantai
|
曲蛇
|
| Yantai (Muping)
|
曲蛇
|
| Qingdao
|
曲蟮
|
| Zhucheng
|
曲蟮
|
| Central Plains Mandarin
|
Luoyang
|
曲踡
|
| Lingbao
|
曲串
|
| Jining
|
曲嘍船
|
| Daming
|
出串
|
| Wanrong
|
曲蟮
|
| Wanrong (Ronghe)
|
蚰蜒
|
| Linfen
|
出蟮
|
| Shangqiu
|
蚯蚓
|
| Yuanyang
|
蚯蚓, 曲串
|
| Zhengzhou
|
曲串
|
| Xinyang
|
曲串
|
| Baihe
|
曲串
|
| Xi'an
|
曲蟮, 蚰蜒
|
| Baoji
|
出蟮
|
| Tianshui
|
曲蟮
|
| Xining
|
曲蟮, 泥曲蟮
|
| Xuzhou
|
地曲, 蚯蚓
|
| Fuyang
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
|
曲蟮
|
| Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)
|
曲蟮
|
| Lanyin Mandarin
|
Yinchuan
|
蚯蚓, 土蟲
|
| Bayanhot
|
蚯蚓
|
| Lanzhou
|
曲蟮
|
| Dunhuang
|
蚯蚓
|
| Hami
|
蚯蚓
|
| Ürümqi
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮, 地曲
|
| Southwestern Mandarin
|
Chengdu
|
曲蟮兒, 蚯蚓
|
| Nanchong
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮兒
|
| Dazhou
|
曲蟮兒
|
| Hanyuan
|
曲蟮子
|
| Xichang
|
曲蟮兒
|
| Zigong
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮兒
|
| Chongqing
|
曲蟮兒
|
| Wuhan
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Yichang
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Xiangyang
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Tianmen
|
蚯蚓, 球蟮
|
| Guiyang
|
曲蟮
|
| Zunyi
|
曲蟮兒
|
| Bijie
|
曲蟮
|
| Liping
|
曲蟮
|
| Zhaotong
|
曲蟮
|
| Dali
|
曲蟮
|
| Kunming
|
曲蟮
|
| Mengzi
|
曲蟮
|
| Guilin
|
鴨蟲
|
| Liuzhou
|
蚯蚓, 鴨蟲
|
| Jishou
|
曲蟮拉兒
|
| Changde
|
曲溜兒
|
| Hanzhong
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Jianghuai Mandarin
|
Nanjing
|
曲蟮
|
| Yangzhou
|
曲蟮
|
| Lianyungang
|
曲蟮
|
| Lianshui
|
曲蟮
|
| Nantong
|
地龍, 寒䘆
|
| Anqing
|
曲蟮
|
| Wuhu
|
曲蟮
|
| Hefei
|
曲蟮
|
| Hong'an
|
蚯蚓, 搐蛇
|
| Mandarin
|
Fuzhou (Qinjiang, Changle)
|
曲蟮
|
| Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
黃䘆
|
| Hong Kong
|
黃䘆, 蚯蚓
|
| Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
鵝䘆, 蛇䘆, 禾䘆
|
| Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
禾䘆
|
| Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
鵝䘆
|
| Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
蛇䘆
|
| Macau
|
河䘆
|
| Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
黃䘆, 塘䘆
|
| Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
黃䘆
|
| Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
黃䘆
|
| Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
鵝䘆
|
| Foshan
|
巷䘆
|
| Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
塘䘆
|
| Foshan (Shunde)
|
河䘆
|
| Foshan (Sanshui)
|
龍䘆
|
| Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
䘆
|
| Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
濠䘆
|
| Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)
|
狗䘆
|
| Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)
|
禾䘆, 黃䘆
|
| Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
禾䘆
|
| Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
黃䘆
|
| Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
黃䘆
|
| Taishan
|
黃䘆
|
| Kaiping (Chikan)
|
黃䘆
|
| Enping (Niujiang)
|
黃䘆
|
| Heshan (Yayao)
|
黃䘆
|
| Dongguan
|
禾䘆
|
| Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
黃䘆
|
| Shenzhen (Dapeng)
|
蛇䘆, 蛇䘆公
|
| Qingyuan
|
黃䘆
|
| Fogang
|
黃䘆
|
| Yingde (Hanguang)
|
黃䘆
|
| Yangshan
|
黃䘆
|
| Lianshan (Butian)
|
蚓
|
| Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)
|
蚓
|
| Shaoguan
|
黃䘆
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
黃䘆
|
| Renhua
|
䘆公
|
| Lechang
|
䘆公, 黃䘆
|
| Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)
|
黃蚓
|
| Sihui
|
黃蚓
|
| Guangning
|
黃蚓
|
| Deqing
|
黃蚓
|
| Huaiji
|
黃䘆
|
| Fengkai (Nanfeng)
|
蚓
|
| Yunfu
|
黃蚓
|
| Xinxing
|
虎蚓
|
| Luoding
|
黃䘆
|
| Yunan (Pingtai)
|
黃䘆
|
| Xinyi
|
黃䘆
|
| Lianjiang
|
泥䘆
|
| Nanning
|
黃䘆
|
| Wuzhou
|
黃䘆, 地龍
|
| Yulin
|
蛆彈
|
| Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
土努
|
| Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
黃䘆
|
| Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
黃䘆
|
| Gan
|
Nanchang
|
寒螼子, 寒螼
|
| Lichuan
|
塘蟻
|
| Pingxiang
|
回䘆
|
| Taining
|
河䘆
|
| Hakka
|
Meixian
|
䘆公
|
| Xingning
|
䘆公
|
| Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Huidong (Daling)
|
䘆公
|
| Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
蟲䘆
|
| Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Boluo (Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
紅䘆
|
| Zengcheng (Zhengguo)
|
蟲䘆
|
| Zhongshan (Wuguishan)
|
河䘆
|
| Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
河䘆
|
| Wuhua (Shuizhai)
|
紅䘆
|
| Wuhua (Huacheng)
|
䘆公
|
| Wuhua (Changbu)
|
䘆公
|
| Wuhua (Mianyang)
|
紅䘆
|
| Wuhua (Meilin)
|
紅䘆
|
| Heyuan (Bendihua)
|
䘆公, 䘆
|
| Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)
|
䘆公
|
| Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)
|
䘆公, 䘆
|
| Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)
|
䘆
|
| Shaoguan (Qujiang)
|
紅䘆
|
| Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)
|
䘆公, 䘆
|
| Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)
|
䘆公, 䘆
|
| Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)
|
黃䘆
|
| Liannan
|
䘆公
|
| Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)
|
黃蟮
|
| Jiexi
|
紅䘆
|
| Changting
|
黃䘆
|
| Wuping
|
黃䘆
|
| Wuping (Pingyu)
|
紅䘆
|
| Liancheng
|
黃䘆
|
| Ninghua
|
河䘆
|
| Yudu
|
河䘆, 禾䘆, 䘆
|
| Ruijin
|
河䘆
|
| Shicheng
|
河蟻
|
| Shangyou (Shexi)
|
䘆公
|
| Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
䘆公
|
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
|
䘆公
|
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
|
蟲䘆
|
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
|
蟲䘆
|
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
|
䘆公, 蟲䘆
|
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
|
蟲䘆
|
| Hong Kong
|
蟲䘆, 紅䘆
|
| Luchuan
|
黃䘆
|
| Luchuan (Daqiao)
|
紅䘆
|
| Sabah (Longchuan)
|
紅䘆
|
| Senai (Huiyang)
|
紅䘆
|
| Singkawang
|
紅䘆, 紅䘆公
|
| Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
河蟻
|
| Shexian
|
紅蟻
|
| Huangshan (Tunxi)
|
河䘆
|
| Xiuning
|
蚢䘆
|
| Qimen
|
𧑚䘆兒, 克俊
|
| Wuyuan
|
兔
|
| Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
曲蟮
|
| Yangyuan
|
曲蟮
|
| Datong
|
曲蟮
|
| Xinzhou
|
曲蟮兒, 茭子魚兒
|
| Lüliang (Lishi)
|
蚯蚓, 紅面圪蟲
|
| Changzhi
|
曲蛇
|
| Taibus (Baochang)
|
蚯蚓
|
| Linhe
|
蚯蚓
|
| Jining
|
蚯蚓
|
| Hohhot
|
曲蟮
|
| Baotou
|
蚯蚓
|
| Dongsheng
|
蚯蚓
|
| Haibowan
|
蚯蚓
|
| Erenhot
|
蚯蚓
|
| Pingshan
|
曲蟮
|
| Zhangjiakou
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Handan
|
蚯蚓, 曲串, 出串
|
| Linzhou
|
曲串
|
| Suide
|
蚯蚓
|
| Northern Min
|
Jian'ou
|
加溜䘆, 地龍 large, 地龍杠 large
|
| Jian'ou (Dikou)
|
溜䘆
|
| Jianyang
|
尿䘆
|
| Wuyishan
|
地䘆
|
| Pucheng (Shibei)
|
溜䘆
|
| Eastern Min
|
Fuzhou
|
猴蚓, 地龍 large
|
| Fuzhou (Changle)
|
猴蚓
|
| Fuqing
|
琴蚓, 地龍 large
|
| Yongtai
|
猴蚓
|
| Fu'an
|
猴蚓
|
| Ningde
|
猴蚓
|
| Shouning
|
猴蚓
|
| Zhouning
|
猴蚓
|
| Fuding
|
猴蚓
|
| Southern Min
|
Xiamen
|
杜蚓, 猴蚓
|
| Quanzhou
|
猴蚓
|
| Jinjiang
|
猴蚓
|
| Yongchun
|
猴蚓
|
| Zhangzhou
|
杜蚓
|
| Zhangzhou (Changtai)
|
杜蚓
|
| Dongshan
|
杜蚓
|
| Taipei
|
牛貫, 杜蚓仔, 杜蚓
|
| New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
杜蚓
|
| Kaohsiung
|
杜蚓仔
|
| Yilan
|
杜蚓
|
| Changhua (Lukang)
|
杜蚓
|
| Taichung
|
杜蚓仔
|
| Taichung (Wuqi)
|
杜蚓
|
| Tainan
|
杜蚓仔
|
| Taitung
|
杜蚓
|
| Hsinchu
|
杜蚓
|
| Kinmen
|
杜蚓
|
| Penghu (Magong)
|
塗蚓, 杜蚓
|
| Penang (Hokkien)
|
cacing
|
| Singapore (Hokkien)
|
杜蚓, 猴蚓
|
| Manila (Hokkien)
|
猴蚓
|
| Longyan
|
鴨蟲
|
| Zhangping
|
垢蚓
|
| Zhangping (Yongfu)
|
垢蚓
|
| Datian
|
猴蚓
|
| Pingnan (Shangdu)
|
杜蚓
|
| Chaozhou
|
蚯蚓
|
| Shantou
|
蚯蚓
|
| Jieyang
|
蚯蚓
|
| Haifeng
|
蚯蚓
|
| Bangkok (Teochew)
|
蚯蚓
|
| Chiang Mai (Teochew)
|
蚯蚓
|
| Hat Yai (Teochew)
|
塗蚓
|
| Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
蚯蚓
|
| Pontianak (Teochew)
|
蚯蚓, cacing
|
| Leizhou
|
塗蚓𧊗
|
| Wenchang
|
餌龍
|
| Haikou
|
塗蚓, 餌龍
|
| Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
猴蚓, 墿龍
|
| Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)
|
猴蚓
|
| Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)
|
猴蚓
|
| Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)
|
猴蚓
|
| Xianyou
|
猴蚓
|
| Xianyou (Fengting)
|
猴蚓
|
| Xianyou (Youyang)
|
猴蚓
|
| Fuding (Aoyao)
|
猴蚓
|
| Central Min
|
Yong'an
|
蝦䘆
|
| Sanming (Sanyuan)
|
河䘆
|
| Sanming (Shaxian)
|
河䘆
|
| Shaojiang Min
|
Shaowu
|
黃䘆
|
| Jiangle
|
河䘆
|
| Mingxi
|
葫蘆䘆
|
| Shunchang
|
河䘆
|
| Zhongshan Min
|
Zhongshan (Sanxiang)
|
猴蚓
|
| Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
土䏰
|
| Northern Pinghua
|
Guilin (Dahe)
|
蚯青
|
| Waxiang
|
Guzhang (Gaofeng)
|
蚓
|
| Yuanling (Shaojiwan)
|
蚓
|
| Wu
|
Shanghai
|
曲蟮, 蚯蚓
|
| Shanghai (Chongming)
|
觸蟮
|
| Suzhou
|
曲蟮
|
| Wuxi
|
蚯蚓, 曲蟮
|
| Danyang
|
曲蟮
|
| Hangzhou
|
曲蟮
|
| Ningbo
|
曲蟮
|
| Wenzhou
|
康䘆
|
| Jinhua
|
蟮麵, 水麵
|
| Jinhua (Tangxi)
|
蟮麵
|
| Xiang
|
Changsha
|
曲蟮子
|
| Xiangtan
|
曲線子
|
| Loudi
|
曲蟮子, 曲蟮
|
| Shuangfeng
|
曲染子
|
| Quanzhou
|
鴨蟲
|
| Xiangnan Tuhua
|
Jiangyong
|
筍婆每
|
ミミズ on Japanese Wikipedia
First cited to the Saibara Uta from the Heian period.[1]
The memezu form is attested from 1650, and is traditionally viewed as a pronunciation shift from mimizu.[1]
Reconstructed as ultimately from Proto-Japonic *memensu, in which case memezu may be a reversion to an older form, also preserved in many dialects. The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓).
蚯蚓 or 蚯蚓 or 蚯蚓 • (mimizu or memezu) (counter 匹)
- [from late 600s - early 700s] a worm, such as an earthworm
-
- どっかでミミズに小便でも ひっかけてきたんじゃないかィ？腫れるっていうよね
- Dokka de mimizu ni shōben de mo hikkakete kita n ja nai ki? Hareru tte iu yo ne
- Did you piss on a worm somewhere? You said swollen right?
何言っちゃってんの 迷信だろそんな…- Nani itchatten no Meishin daro sonna…
- What you talkin’ about? That’s just a superstition…
- As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ミミズ.
From Middle Chinese 蚯蚓 (khjuw yinX). Compare modern Mandarin 蚯蚓 (qiūyǐn).
蚯蚓 • (kyūin) ←きういん (kiuin)?
- a worm, such as an earthworm
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 “蚯蚓”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN