mustard - Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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From Middle English mustard, from Old French moustarde (French: moutarde), from moust (“must”), from Latin mustum. Compare Saterland Frisian Muster (“mustard”), Dutch mosterd (“mustard”), German Low German Musterd (“mustard”), Icelandic mustarður (“mustard”). Displaced Middle English senep, from Old English senep, from Latin sināpi (“mustard”). Doublet of mostarda.
- enPR: mŭsʹ-tərd, IPA(key): /ˈmʌstəɹd/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): [ˈmas.təd]
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): [ˈmɐs.təd]
- (Northern England) IPA(key): [ˈmʊs.təd]
- (US) IPA(key): [ˈmʌs.tɚd]
- Homophone: mustered
- Hyphenation: mus‧tard
mustard (usually uncountable, plural mustards)
- A plant of certain species of the genus Brassica, or of related genera (especially Sinapis alba, in the family Brassicaceae, with yellow flowers, and linear seed pods).
- Synonym: senvy (obsolete)
- Powder or paste made from seeds of the mustard plant, and used as a condiment or a spice.
When the waitress brought the food, I asked whether she had any Dijon mustard.
- The leaves of the mustard plant, used as a salad.
Mustard and cress sandwiches.
- Dark yellow colour, the colour of mustard.
mustard:
- One of a family of vesicants containing one or more 2-chloroethyl (C2H4Cl) groups, commonly used in chemical warfare and cancer chemotherapy.
- The tomalley of a crab, which resembles the condiment.
- Ellipsis of mustard gas.
- (baseball, colloquial) Energy, power (when throwing a baseball).
2022 October 20, Scott Russell, “Sport was the great connection for Scott Russell and his father”, in CBC News[1], archived from the original on 2022-10-22:
He's left-handed and in his adulthood didn't have a baseball glove to call his own. He borrowed one of mine and just out of the car, still wearing his lab coat having worked an overnight shift, he taught himself to throw right-handed and put plenty of mustard on it.
(vesicant containing 2-chloroethyl groups):
- Abyssinian mustard (Brassica carinata)
- African mustard (Erysimum repandum)
- alkali mustard (Wislizenia refracta)
- aniline mustard
- ball mustard (Neslia paniculata)
- beer mustard
- black mustard (Brassica nigra)
- brown mustard (Brassica juncea)
- buckler mustard (Biscutella spp.)
- Chinese mustard (Brassica juncea)
- corn mustard (Brassica kaber)
- curled mustard (Brassica juncea subsp. crispifolia)
- cut the mustard
- Dijon mustard
- dijon mustard
- dish mustard (Thlaspi arvense)
- English mustard
- Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata)
- field mustard (Brassica kaber)
- French mustard
- garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata)
- green mustard cabbage
- green mustard (Eutrema japonicum)
- hare's-ear mustard (Conringia orientalis)
- hedge mustard (Sisymbrium officinale)
- honey mustard
- Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)
- Japanese mustard (Brassica juncea)
- keen as mustard
- leaf mustard (Brassica juncea)
- mithridate mustard
- mustard gas
- mustard greens (Brassica juncea)
- mustardise
- mustardize
- mustard oil
- mustard-plaister
- mustard plaister
- mustard-plaster
- mustard plaster
- mustard pot
- mustard powder
- mustard seed
- nitrogen mustard
- oriental mustard (Brassica juncea)
- poor man's mustard (Alliaria petiolata)
- prepared mustard
- red mustard (Brassica nigra)
- sarepta mustard (Brassica besseriana)
- sea mustard
- spinach mustard (Brassica peroiridis)
- spoon mustard
- stadium mustard
- stinking mustard (Thlaspi arvense)
- sulfur mustard
- sulphur mustard
- summer mustard (Brassica kaber)
- tansy mustard (Descurainia pinnata)
- Tewkesbury mustard
- tower mustard (Turritis glabra, syn. Arabis glabra or Arabis turrita)
- treacle-mustard
- treacle mustard
- tumble mustard (Sisymbrium altissimum)
- tumbling mustard (Sisymbrium altissimum)
- uracil mustard
- wall mustard (Diplotaxis muralis)
- white celery mustard (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis)
- white mustard (Sinapis alba)
- wild mustard (Brassica kaber)
- wormseed mustard (Erysimum cheiranthoides)
- yellow mustard (Brassica kaber)
plant
- Adyghe: батыргъэгъ (batərğɛğ)
- Afrikaans: mosterd
- Amharic: ሰናፍጭ (sänafəč)
- Arabic: خَرْدَل m pl (ḵardal)
- Aramaic:
- Classical Syriac: ܚܪܕܠܐ m (ħardlā)
- Armenian: մանանեխ (hy) (mananex)
- Assamese: সৰিয়হ (xorih), বেহাৰ (behar)
- Asturian: mostaza f
- Belarusian: гарчы́ца f (harčýca)
- Breton: sezv collective noun sezvenn singular f
- Bulgarian: горчи́ца (bg) f (gorčíca)
- Catalan: mostassa (ca) f
- Cherokee: ᎠᏥᎳ (chr) (atsila)
- Czech: hořčice (cs) f
- Danish: sennep (da)
- Dutch: mosterd (nl) m, mosterdplant m
- Erzya: тюжапря (ťužapŕa)
- Esperanto: sinapo
- Finnish: sinappi (fi)
- French: moutarde (fr) f
- Galician: mostaza (gl) f
- Georgian: მდოგვი (mdogvi)
- German: Senf (de) m
- Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌽𐌰𐍀𐌹𐍃 (sinapis)
- Greek: σινάπι (el) n (sinápi)
- Ancient: σίναπι n (sínapi)
- Hebrew: חַרְדָּל (he) m (khardal)
- Hindi: सरसों (hi) f (sarsõ), ख़र्दल m (xardal), राई (hi) f (rāī)
- Hungarian: mustár (hu)
- Ido: sinapo (io)
- Irish: mustard m
- Italian: senape (it) f
- Japanese: カラシ (karashi), からし (ja) (karashi)
- Kannada: ಸಾಸಿವೆ (kn) (sāsive)
- Latin: sināpe n, sināpi n
- Low German: Musterd m, Semp m
- Macedonian: синап m (sinap)
- Malay: sawi
- Malayalam: കടുക് (kaṭukŭ)
- Marathi: मोहरी (mohrī)
- Middle English: mustard, senevey
- Mingrelian: დონგი (dongi)
- Mongolian: гич (mn) (gič)
- Nepali: तोरी (tori)
- Newar: तुकं (tukaṃ)
- Norman: moutarde f
- Old English: senep m
- Persian: خردل (fa) (xardal)
- Plautdietsch: Sampkrut n
- Polish: gorczyca (pl) f
- Portuguese: mostardeira (pt) f, mostarda (pt) f
- Punjabi: ਰਾਈ f (rāī)
- Romanian: muștar (ro) m
- Russian: горчи́ца (ru) f (gorčíca)
- Samoan: sinapi
- Sanskrit: सर्षप (sa) m (sarṣapa)
- Scottish Gaelic: sgeallan m
- Serbo-Croatian: gorčica (sh) f, slačica (sh) f
- Slovene: gorčica (sl) f
- Sorbian:
- Spanish: mostaza (es) f
- Sylheti: ꠢꠂꠞꠧ (hoiró)
- Tagalog: mustasa
- Tigrinya: ኣድሪ (ʾadri)
- Turkish: hardal (tr)
- Ukrainian: гірчи́ця f (hirčýcja), мушта́рда f (muštárda), свирі́па f (svyrípa), свирі́пиця f (svyrípycja)
- Urdu: سرسوں f (sarsõ), خردل m (xardal)
- Walloon: siné (wa) m, moståde (wa) f, rabrouxhe (wa) f
condiment
- Adyghe: батыргъэгъ (batərğɛğ)
- Afrikaans: mosterd
- Albanian: mustardë (sq) f
- Alutiiq: mastaq
- Arabic: خَرْدَل m (ḵardal)
- Armenian: մանանեխ (hy) (mananex)
- Assamese: সৰিয়হৰ লুথুৰী (xorihor luthuri)
- Azerbaijani: xardal (az)
- Basque: ziape
- Belarusian: гарчы́ца f (harčýca)
- Bengali: সরিষা (bn) (śoriśa)
- Breton: sezv m
- Bulgarian: горчи́ца (bg) f (gorčíca)
- Burmese: မုန်ညင်း (my) (munnyang:)
- Catalan: mostassa (ca) f
- Cherokee: ᎠᏥᎳ (chr) (atsila)
- Chinese:
- Czech: hořčice (cs) f
- Danish: sennep (da) c
- Dutch: mosterd (nl) m
- Esperanto: mustardo
- Estonian: sinep
- Faroese: sinnopur m
- Finnish: sinappi (fi)
- French: moutarde (fr) f
- Galician: mostaza (gl) f
- Georgian: მდოგვი (mdogvi)
- German: Senf (de) m
- Greek: μουστάρδα (el) f (moustárda)
- Hebrew: חַרְדָּל (he) m (khardal)
- Hindi: सरसों (hi) m (sarsõ), ख़र्दल m (xardal), राई (hi) m (rāī)
- Hungarian: mustár (hu)
- Icelandic: sinnep (is) n
- Ido: mustardo (io)
- Indonesian: moster (id)
- Irish: mustard m
- Italian: senape (it) f
- Japanese: 芥子 (ja) (からし, karashi), マスタード (ja) (masutādo)
- Kannada: ಸಾಸಿವೆ (kn) (sāsive)
- Kazakh: қыша (qyşa)
- Khmer: កៃឡាត់ (km) (kaylat)
- Korean: 겨자 (ko) (gyeoja), 머스터드 (ko) (meoseuteodeu)
- Kyrgyz: горчица (ky) (gorcitsa), кыча (kıca)
- Lao: ຜັກກາດຮຶນ (phak kāt hưn)
- Latin: sināpi n
- Latvian: sinepes f
- Lithuanian: garstyčia f
- Low German: Musterd m, Semp m
- Luxembourgish: Moschter m
- Macedonian: сенф m (senf)
- Malay: mustar, sos biji sawi
- Maltese: mustarda f
- Mongolian: гич (mn) (gič)
- Navajo: achʼííʼ yázhí bikʼétłohí, étłoh łitsooígíí, achʼííʼ yázhí bikʼétłohí łitsooígíí
- Norman: moutarde f
- Norwegian: sennep (no) (Bokmål)
- Old English: senep m
- Old Norse: mustarðr m
- Persian: خردل (fa) (xardal)
- Plautdietsch: Samp m
- Polish: musztarda (pl) f (paste), gorczyca (pl) f (powdered)
- Portuguese: mostarda (pt) f
- Romanian: muștar (ro) n
- Russian: горчи́ца (ru) f (gorčíca)
- Scottish Gaelic: mustard m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Skolt Sami: sinap
- Slovak: horčica f
- Slovene: gorčica (sl) f
- Sorbian:
- Spanish: mostaza (es) f
- Swahili: haradali
- Swedish: senap (sv) c
- Tagalog: mustasa, keluwa (powdered)
- Tajik: хардал (xardal)
- Tatar: горчица (ğorçitsa)
- Thai: มัสตาร์ด (más-dtàat)
- Tigrinya: ኣድሪ (ʾadri)
- Turkish: hardal (tr)
- Turkmen: gorçitsa, gorçisa
- Ukrainian: гірчи́ця f (hirčýcja), мушта́рда f (muštárda)
- Urdu: سرسوں (sarsõ), خردل m (xardal)
- Uyghur: قىچا (qicha)
- Uzbek: gorchitsa (uz), xantal (uz)
- Vietnamese: mù tạc (vi)
- Walloon: moståde (wa) f
- Welsh: mwstard (cy) m, cedw
- Yiddish: זענעפֿט m (zeneft), גאָרטשיצע f (gortshitse), מושטאַרדע f (mushtarde)
colour
- Afrikaans: mosterdkleur
- Armenian: մանանեխագույն (hy) (mananexaguyn)
- Finnish: sinapinkeltainen, sinapinvärinen
- Greek: μουσταρδί (el) n (moustardí)
- Italian: senape (it) m
- Japanese: 芥子色 (ja) (からしいろ, karashi iro)
- Korean: 겨자색 (ko) (gyeojasaek)
- Persian: خردلی (xardali)
- Polish: musztardowy (pl)
- Portuguese: mostarda (pt) m, amarelo-mostarda m
- Romanian: muștar (ro) n
- Russian: горчи́чный (ru) (gorčíčnyj)
- Serbo-Croatian: boja senfa
- Swedish: senapsgul (sv)
- Tagalog: mustasa
- Turkish: hardal rengi (tr)
mustard (not comparable)
- Of a dark yellow colour.
2007, Cincinnati Magazine, page 81:
Everything about her year-old restaurant, from the minimalist menu (about a dozen items) with refreshingly drivel-free descriptions to the decor (unadorned warm mustard walls, unclothed bistro tables), reflects her love of bringing people to the table for good, simple food that's not eclipsed by bells and whistles.
- (slang) Very good, or very skilled.
- must (grape juice)
- “mustard adj.”, in Green’s Dictionary of Slang, Jonathon Green, 2016–present
From Middle English mustard (“plant”), from Old French moustarde.
mustard
- (figurative) cudgel
- 1689 James Farewell, The Irish Hudibras, or, Fingallian prince taken from the sixth book of Virgil's Æneids, and adapted to the present times. (Appendix: "Alphabetical Table" of "Fingallian Words, or Irish Phrases"):
- 1689 James Farewell, The Irish Hudibras, or, Fingallian prince taken from the sixth book of Virgil's Æneids, and adapted to the present times. (Appendix: "Alphabetical Table" of "Fingallian Words, or Irish Phrases"):
From Old French moustarde.
mustard
- A mustard plant; the plant where mustard seeds originate.
- The seeds of this plant used as a spice or flavouring.
- Mustard; a condiment made from mustard seeds.
- “mustard, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-07-11.